Autores
Resumo
La relación logo-marca se ha estudiado desde perspectivas parciales que no han profundizado en la capacidad asociativa del diseño logosimbólico. La marca se conforma como una realidad bidimensional en la que convergen aspectos sensibles (tangibles) y conceptuales (intangibles) que quedan depositados en el logo que la representa. El objetivo de esta investigación es analizar las posibilidades simbólico-asociativas del diseño de los logos de algunas de las grandes marcas españolas, con el propósito de explicar las relaciones más determinantes en la configuración de ese concepto corporativo
estereotipado (marca). Se propone una triangulación metodológica apoyada en un focus group de ocho personas y una prueba de asociación realizada por 332 sujetos, a quienes se somete a una muestra de los logos de las 10 marcas españolas más valoradas según Interbrand (2019) que encabezan sectores competitivos diferentes. Los resultados indican que estos emblemas se conectan a imágenes sensibles (tangibles), vinculadas a los productos y/o servicios de las marcas estudiadas. Si bien, la asociación del diseño del logo a los elementos visuales que lo componen es muy inferior a la que, a priori, cabría esperar, lo que indica el alto grado de proyección simbólica de estos signos visuales. Además, los 10 logos de la muestra se asocian a imágenes conceptuales (intangibles), relacionadas con los valores que definen la personalidad de las marcas que refieren. Se concluye que los logos se constituyen como estandartes corporativos que hacen confluir, en la complejidad simbólica de su aparente simplicidad estética, múltiples asociaciones entre su
expresión visual y su proyección conceptual.
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