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Aroca-Molina, L., Martínez-Dueñas, W. A., & Perafán-Ledezma, A. L. (2026). Apicultura en la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta, Colombia: entramados, transformaciones y devenires más que humanos. Luna Azul, (63), 7–34. https://doi.org/10.17151/luaz.2026.63.2
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Las intervenciones del Desarrollo Sostenible en lugares como la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta (SNSM), Colombia, dan lugar a relaciones específicas entre apicultores y abejas. Partiendo de la antropología de la(s) naturaleza(s), la antropología del desarrollo, los estudios de ciencia y tecnología y la etnografía multiespecie, realizamos un estudio entre 2019 y 2024 que combina técnicas como el trabajo de archivo, las entrevistas semiestructuradas y la participación. Al reconstruir la historia de la apicultura en la SNSM en relación con las dinámicas de territorialización, observamos un proceso de aprendizaje bidireccional entre apicultores y abejas que orienta las relaciones hacia formas de reciprocidad y reconocimiento mutuo entre estos y otros seres que habitan los cafetales y el bosque en esta zona dinámica y heterogénea. Ilustramos la emergencia de relaciones más-que-humanas que exceden las lógicas del mercado, manifestándose a través de prácticas de cuidado y aprendizaje mutuo. En estas prácticas, los apicultores descubren cómo las abejas les enseñan habilidades apícolas y, a cambio, las abejas aprenden a reconocer a sus homólogos humanos. Esto revela una ética más-que-humana y pluriversal en la cual las comunidades locales y otros seres distintos a los humanos no son meros usuarios y recursos. Por el contrario, son sujetos que se comunican y participan, haciendo posible diversas formas de existencia y relacionamiento.
Citas
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Elzenbaumer, B., Mammana, F., Gonzalez C., & Manfrini, I. (2025). Infrastructuring for caring food practices: learnings from an Alpine community academy. Local Environment. https://doi.org/10.1080/13549839.2025.2543303
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Ginn, F. (2024). More-than-Human ethics. In A. Franklin (ed.), The Routledge International Handbook of More-than-human Studies, (pp. 420–430). Taylor & Francis.
Hafen, S. (2012). Listening with the third eye. A phenomenological ethnography of animal communicators. In E. Plec (ed.), Perspectives on Human-Animal Communication, (pp. 185–206). Routledge.
Haraway, D. (2016). Staying with the trouble: making kin in the Chthulucene. Duke University Press.
Herrera, G. (1993). Importancia actual de la caficultura en algunas comunidades campesinas e indígenas de la Sierra Nevada de Santa Marta. Agronomía Colombiana, 10(2), 178–187.
Ingold, T. (ed.). (1988). What is an animal? Routledge.
Jaramillo, C. (2001). Liberalization, crisis and change: Colombian Agriculture in the 1990s. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 49(4), 821–846. https://doi.org/10.1086/452526
Jhagroe, S. (2024). Fences, seeds and bees: The more-than-human politics of community gardening in Rotterdam. Urban Studies, 61(8), 1488–1507. https://doi.org/10.1177/00420980231208830
Kirksey, S. E., & Helmreich, S. (2010). The emergence of multispecies ethnography. Cultural Anthropology, 25(4), 545–576. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1548-1360.2010.01069.x
Kulick, D. (2017). Human-Animal Communication. Annual Review of Anthropology, 46, 357–378. https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-anthro-102116-041723
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Locke, P. & Muenster, U. (2015). Multispecies Ethnography. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/obo/9780199766567-0130
Luggauer, E., & Ferdinand. (2025). Fieldwork on six legs: Ethnography as multispecies experimental collaboration. The February Journal, 5, 40–63. https://doi.org/10.60633/tfj.i05.115
Maderson, S. & Elsner‐Adams, E. (2024). Beekeeping, stewardship and multispecies care in rural contexts. Sociologia Ruralis, 64(2), 202–221. https://doi.org/10.1111/soru.12457
Maderson, S. & Wynne-Jones, S. (2016). Beekeepers’ knowledges and participation in pollinator conservation policy. Journal of Rural Studies, 45, 88–98. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jrurstud.2016.02.015
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Martínez-Dueñas, W. A. & Perafán-Ledezma, A. L. (2017). Thinking Conservation from Multinaturalism in an Indigenous Locality of the Colombian Andes. Universitas Humanística, (84), 77-107. https://doi.org/10.11144/Javerianauh-84.pcml
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