Abstract
The diverse clinical forms of leishmaniasis constitute a serious public health problem in the world. The World Health Organization, WHO, in the center of the strategic emphasis of the research program in tropical diseases (Tropical Disease Research), has classified the leishmaniasis under Category I as an emergent illness and not controlled. In Latin America, Colombia included, there are cases of the three clinical principal forms of the illness. In Colombia the increase of the cases notified in the last five years reflects an increase of the transmission of the illness, which can be attributed to diverse factors: the increase of human activities in wild environments where the enzootic transmission exists; the adaptation of the vectors to the peridomicile and domicile, and the urbanization of the parasitosis in the cutaneous and visceral form. Considering the importance of leishmaniasis in our country, the present document constitutes a review of the epidemiologic situation of the parasitosis, the typical cycles in its transmission and the available control measurements to diminish its impact in the susceptible population.
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