DOI: 10.17151/kepes.2024.21.30.8
Cómo citar
Cadavid, A., & Maya, J. (2024). Heurísticos estéticos para el diseño: determinantes cognitivos y socio-culturales. Kepes, 21(30), 221–263. https://doi.org/10.17151/kepes.2024.21.30.8

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Resumen

 

El placer estético se obtiene a partir de la percepción sensorial. Este placer depende de tres aspectos: las propiedades físicas del objeto, las cualidades del perceptor y cuatro tipos de determinantes estéticos. Los determinantes perceptuales y estándares de belleza se han estudiado científicamente. Así mismo se han desarrollado muchas de las reglas metodológicas conocidas y usadas por los diseñadores durante décadas; el equilibrio, la buena proporción y las leyes de la Gestalt. Por el contrario, los determinantes cognitivos y socioculturales carecen de métodos que apoyen el proceso de diseño estético de los diseñadores. El uso de los heurísticos como método de apoyo a este proceso, podría ser un medio para ampliar las posibilidades estéticas del producto cuando se dispone de tiempo y conocimientos limitados. Mediante una revisión de la literatura y un análisis de los productos premiados, identificamos, extrajimos, organizamos y clasificamos los heurísticos estéticos, dando como resultado un repertorio de 48 heurísticos estéticos de los determinantes cognitivos y socioculturales. Usamos estos heurísticos en dos estudios exploratorios. Los resultados mostraron que estos heurísticos permiten crear ideas nuevas y originales en menos tiempo de lo habitual y ampliar las posibilidades en el proceso de diseño estético.

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