Evaluación de la precisión diagnóstica de la punción aspiración con aguja fina en pacientes con nódulo tiroideo

Abstract

Introduction. The fine needle aspiration has played an essential role evaluating the patient with a thyroid nodule, is a rapid method, minimally invasive, with high diagnostic accuracy and low cost. The objective of this study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of fine needle aspiration in thyroid lesions contrasting their results with histopathological findings obtained in the surgical specimen. Materials and methods: A retrospective analysis was performed using the informatics registry of Instituto Caldense de Patología in Manizales–Colombia. Were analyzed the cases of thyroid aspiration with fine needle studied from January 2012 to February 2014. The study included 1220 cases, of which 111 had a thyroidectomy, the results were correlated and sensibility, specificity, positive predictive value, negative predictive value and diagnostic accuracy were determined. Results: Of the 111 cases, 5 were excluded because the sample was unsatisfactory or because showed atypia of undetermined meaning, remaining 106 cases were evaluated. The cytological and histopathological correlation showed a sensibility of 86.1%, specificity of 88.2%, positive predictive value of 93.9%, negative predictive value of 75%, and a diagnostic accuracy of 86.7%. Discussion: Thyroid fine needle aspiration is a sensitive, specific test with good diagnostic accuracy. Data obtained are comparable to those found in similar previous studies. When an inadequate or unsatisfactory sample is found, the biopsy must be repeated.

Keywords:

nódulo tiroideo

tiroides

sensibilidad

especificidad

thyroide nodule

thyroid gland

sensitivity

specificity

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