Autores/as
Resumen
El conocimiento sobre las células de la inmunidad innata ha tenido en los últimos años una transformación increíble; estas han pasado de ser simples efectores a verdaderos reguladores de la respuesta inmune. El neutrófilo tiene dentro de sus funciones actuales la presentación de antígeno, la probable capacidad de estimular linfocitos T, la síntesis de diferentes citocinas con capacidad de alterar la respuesta inmune y la habilidad de regresar a la circulación luego de haber participado en el proceso inflamatorio tisular. La función de los eosinófilos en los fenómenos alérgicos está actualmente más clara que en épocas anteriores. Los eosinófilos igualmente poseen la capacidad de presentar antígenos y de estimular los linfocitos T; de igual manera, la generación de estos a partir de precursores de médula ósea está hoy en día mejor comprendida. Por su parte, los mastocitos y basófilos, células tan relacionadas anteriormente una con otra, tienen un proceso de formación más claro, sus funciones individuales están cada vez mejor documentadas, y abarcan desde la defensa contra enfermedades parasitarias, bacterianas, virales, hasta su papel en alergias. El estudio de estas células con una función aparentemente sencilla ha revolucionado enormemente el conocimiento acerca del sistema inmunológico.
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