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Rojas Rodríguez, A. E., Cárdenas Parra, L. Y., Zapata Serna, Y., & Pérez Cárdenas, J. E. (2025). Factores de virulencia de Candida spp y mecanismos moleculares de resistencia a los azoles expresados por Candida tropicalis. Biosalud, 19(2), 7–25. https://doi.org/10.17151/biosa.2020.19.2.1
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Autores/as
Ana Elisa Rojas Rodríguez
Universidad Católica de Manizales
Leidy Yurany Cárdenas Parra
Universidad de CaldasYuliana Zapata Serna
Universidad Católica de ManizalesJorge Enrique Pérez Cárdenas
Universidad de CaldasResumen
Introducción: Debido al panorama epidemiológico de la candidiasis producida por Candida tropicalis y la marcada resistencia generada hacia los azoles, se hace necesario profundizar en el conocimiento de la virulencia y mecanismos de resistencia a fármacos. Objetivo: Sintetizar los factores de virulencia de Candida spp. y los mecanismos moleculares de resistencia a azoles expresados por Candida tropicalis. Materiales y métodos: Se realizó una búsqueda bibliográfica en la base de datos Pubmed y los manuscritos fueron seleccionados según los criterios de análisis crítico propuestos por el instrumento PRISMA. La pregunta orientadora de la búsqueda fue: ¿Cuáles son los factores de virulencia de Candida spp y los mecanismos de resistencia a los azoles expresados por la especie C.tropicalis? y los resultados se organizaron en dos categorías: Factores de virulencia de Candida spp y mecanismos moleculares de resistencia a azoles. Resultados: Los factores de virulencia de Candida spp. están representados por la producción de toxinas y enzimas, la formación de biopelículas, la modificación del medio ambiente, la filamentación y el crecimiento hifal; por otro lado, los mecanismos de resistencia a los azoles expresados por C.tropicalis están determinados principalmente por la sobreexpresión de los genes ERG11 y MDR1 y por mutaciones en el gen ERG11. Conclusiones: Los factores de virulencia son similares entre las distintas especies de Candida y los mecanismos moleculares de resistencia a los azoles expresados por C. tropicalis se traducen fundamentalmente en una menor afinidad por la diana farmacológica y una menor concentración intracelular del fármaco.
Citas
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