Estudio bioantropológico de un osario histórico asociado a un contexto bélico del siglo XIX, en la ciudad de Paysandú, Uruguay

Abstract

The ossuary of the "Monumento a Perpetuidad", located in the city of Paysandú, Uruguay, received during its history the deceased of both general population and combatants of the war event known as the "Defense of Paysandú" (1864). This place functioned as a public cemetery between 1851 and 1881, having built the ossuary in 1854. With the aim of contributing to historical, cultural and patrimonial knowledge, we seek to characterize the remains of the ossuary and establish a possible relationship between the collective imaginary, which states that the remains of the combatants were deposited there, and the results obtained. Thirteen skulls and associated remains were recovered and studied through bioanthropological methods, establishing sex, age and ancestry, and observing possible indicators of violence. Additionally, to expand the information on ancestry, mitochondrial DNA was extracted and analyzed from six skulls. The final sample consisted of 13 adult individuals, 9 males, 3 females and one of undetermined sex, with characteristics typical of a mestizo population. In relation to possible indicators of violence, it is observed that they are present in five individuals of the sample. The results are consistent with expectations: high percentage of male individuals with signs of violence, probably associated with the defense of Paysandú.

Keywords:

defensa de Paysandú

restos humanos

bioarqueología

violencia

genética

defense of Paysandú

human remains

bioarchaeology

violence

genetics

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