Construcción y confiabilidad de la Escala de Actitudes hacia la Conservación de la Naturaleza como instrumento para medir las actitudes hacia la conservación de la naturaleza

Abstract

It is pertinent to develop instruments to measure the attitudes of people towards nature, especially regarding its conservation, in order to be able to predict pro-environmental behaviors. In this regard, some scales have been developed that measure attitudes towards nature caried out by Weigel and Weigel (1978), Dunlap and Van Liere (1978/2000), Thompson and Barton (1994) and Aragones and Amérigo (1991). The proposal considered here was based on the works Landscape and History since 1500 by Ian D. Whyte (2002) and Wilderness and the American Mind by Roderick Frazier Nash (2014), whose works make a historical journey through the mentality of Western culture. Considering these two perspectives, eleven categories of attitudes towards nature were extracted. The questionnaire was applied to 510 young people from the state of Colima in Mexico and, through an Exploratory Factor Analysis (EFA) and the HJ-Biplot multivariate analysis, the theoretical dimensions were compared with those obtained in the multivariate tests, leaving a total of nine factors. The Attitudes towards Nature Conservation Scale presented internal consistency, having a Cronbach's alpha coefficient of 0.825. This scale adds to the attempts to identify those attitudes that have historically been ruling in the discourses in favor or against conservation which can be associated with religion, aesthetics, health, nationalism, empathy with other species and the exploitation of natural resources.

Keywords:

historia medioambiental

psicología ambiental

medio ambiente

conservación

environmental history

environmental psychology

conservation

environment

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