Datos online no-solicitados en Twitter y toma de decisiones en políticas públicas sobre el uso de sustancias psicoactivas en Colombia

Abstract

Today it can be observed how many of the daily human activities have been transferred from the material world to the digital world and with them the data they generate. Among these new digital relationships are commercial interactions, new labor relationships derived from the increase in remote virtual work and new forms of social and coexistence relationships facilitated by a wide range of technologies, including social networks such as Facebook, Twitter and Instagram. Every time there is access to more and better technology at the service of society, States and private organizations can benefit from this new paradigm when it comes to meeting their social objectives. This is an era in which the emphasis shifted from data generation to
data processing in large volumes. Among the different tools that generate unsolicited online data and for the analysis of this document, the Twitter platform stands out, a social network for free use of bidirectional communication that has been the center of different political exercises around the world, used by many politicians from the West and characterized by having a massive data query interface suitable for centers that seek social analysis.

This document aims at demonstrating, from two practical examples (Word Cloud analysis and sentiment analysis), how the use of the Application Programming Interface (API) of Twitter can provide useful information to improve decision-making in public policies, applicable to specific issues that are difficult to approach, such as the use of psychoactive substances in society. The data obtained, duly processed, will allow a better starting context for decision-making that is usually overshadowed by the dynamics of prohibitionism in drug policies.

Keywords:

big data

política de drogas

Twitter

datos online

toma de decisiones

big data

drug policy

Twitter

online data

decision making

References

Atenstaedt, R. (2012). Word cloud analysis of the BJGP. British Journal of General Practice, 62(596), 148

Bennett, W. L., & Segerberg, A. (2012). The Logic of Connective Action. Information, Communication & Society, 15(5), 739-768. http://doi.org/10.1080/1369118X.2012.670661

Bracho, T. (2010). Políticas basadas en evidencia. La política pública como acción informada y objeto de investigación. En CIDE Problemas, decisiones y soluciones. Enfoques de política pública. CIDE.

Canal Red Más. (2019). Polémica de Petro, tras asegurar que el azúcar es más peligrosa que la cocaína. http://www.redmas.com.co/colombia/polemica-de-petro-tras-asegurarque-la-azucar-es-mas-peligrosa-que-la-cocaina/

Consorcio Internacional sobre Políticas de Drogas. (2012). Guía sobre políticas de drogas. http://www.cicad.oas.org/fortalecimiento_institucional/planesnacionales/docs/guia_politicas_drogas_spa.pdf

Décary-Hétu, D., & Aldridge, J. (2015). Sifting through the net: Monitoring of online offenders by researchers. https://www.researchgate.net/publication/312446591_Sifting_through_the_net_Monitoring_of_online_offenders_by_researchers

Enghoff, O. & Aldridge J. (2019) The value of unsolicited online data in drug policy research. International Journal of Drug Policy. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.drugpo.2019.01.023

Hammond, J., Keeney, R. & Raiffa, H. (2000). Decisiones inteligentes. Ediciones Gestión 2000.

Mayer-Schonberger, V. & Cukier, K. (2013). Big Data. La revolución de los datos masivos. Turner Publicaciones.

Miller, P. G., & Sonderlund, A. L. (2010). Using the internet to research hidden populations of illicit drug users: A review. Addiction, 105(9), 1557-1567. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1360-0443.2010.02992.x.

Mozilla Foundation. (2019). ¿Qué son las APIs? https://developer.mozilla.org/es/docs/Learn/JavaScript/Client-side_web_APIs/Introducci%C3%B3n

Noticias Canal RCN. (2019). Corte Constitucional tumba prohibición de consumo de droga y alcohol en el espacio público. https://noticias.canalrcn.com/nacional-pais/corteconstitucional-tumba-prohibicion-consumo-droga-y-alcohol-el-espacio-publico

Pérez, N. & Quintana, P. (2003). Principales enfoques y estrategias metodológicas empleados en la investigación del consumo de drogas: la experiencia en México. Revista Cubana de Medicina General Integral. 19(2). http://scielo.sld.cu/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0864-21252003000200012&lng=es&nrm=iso

Peña, E & Fontes, C. (2019). Piscina de textos de tweets. Repositorio Github. https://github.com/enpepolicy/DrugPolicyTwitterMonitor/blob/master/resultados/procesado/consolidadoNativoYQuote.txt

Sande, J. C. (2018). Análisis de Sentimientos en Twitter. Universidad Oberta de Catalunya. http://openaccess.uoc.edu/webapps/o2/bitstream/10609/81435/6/jsobrinosTFM0618memoria.pdf

Subirats, J. & Dente, B. (2014). Decisiones públicas. Análisis y estudio de los procesos de decisión en políticas públicas. Ariel.

Twitter Inc. (2019). Docs. https://developer.twitter.com/en/docs