Medicalização da vida: um panorama conceitual

Abstract

The concept of medicalization can be understood, in general terms, as the transformation of a problem that previously was not medical into a disorder, disease, or illness that needs attention, care, and medical intervention. Themes such as child development, learning problems, humanized childbirth, sexuality, and the aesthetics imposed on bodies, among many others, are among the themes in which the debate in the field of medicalization has provided important contributions to subsidize, in an increasingly broader way, academic and social movements in the search for giving visibility to these issues in a critical and propositional way. The dimensions of this debate go from the field of education to the field of health, for example, where sciences such as Psychology, Anthropology, Pedagogy, and Nursing, among others, meet and produce relevant reflections. In this sense, this article aims to develop a brief historical analysis of the concept of medicalization and its importance to the understanding of the production of normality and abnormality in our society. To do so, it was used the bibliographic review as a methodology to undertake the historical rescue and the analyses developed in this work. It was possible to understand the different uses of the concept of medicalization throughout the 20th century and how the different historical processes, linked to social and economic interests, produce changes in the processes of pathologization and medicalization. This article concludes as an invitation to further deepenings that collaborate to the expansion of critical postures about our reality, that provide reflection and the production of new paths.

Keywords

medicalization

pathologization

diagnosis

bibliographic review

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