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Soto, S. ., & Cerda, . C. . (2019). Discovering people’s relationships with nature in central Chile : a case study in a peri-urban commune. Revista Luna Azul (On Line), (48), 135–155. https://doi.org/10.17151/luaz.2019.48.8
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Abstract
The social assessment of wildlife is recognized as essential to achieve effective biological conservation. This is based on the understanding of people's relationships with wildlife. This need has already been raised in the context of international environmental policies. In Chile, it has been explicitly mentioned as relevant in the National Biodiversity Strategy, which declares the need for a better understanding of how Chilean citizens are using and valuing biodiversity. However, in Chile there is still little scientific evidence in this regard. This article aims to analyze the relationships that people have with nature in their territory in order to establish what the visions that they have on fauna and flora are. The study is carried out in a peri-urban area of the Metropolitan Region of Santiago de Chile. The approach used for the analysis of people-wildlife relationships was qualitative, based on the Grounded Theory. Through the study it was shown that nature is identified by the inhabitants through tangible elements of their natural environment, which is constituted through a relationship between the individual, society and the physical world. The results show a great importance of the quillay forests (Quillaja saponaria) for the participants which gives light on the relevance of the socio-cultural context in which social assessment of wildlife are carried out, given that in this type of studies fauna generally emerges as more relevant. With the exception of a few scientific studies, there are very few published experiences in Chile that address the social importance of particular plants. This study intends to contribute to the scientific literature with a case study, as well as to contribute to the management of the conservation of the area.
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References
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Burghardt, G.M. & Herzog, H.A. (1989). Animals, evolution and ethics. In R. J. Hoage. (Ed.), Perceptions of Animals in American Culture (pp. 129–151). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
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Cerda, C., Barkmann, J. & Marggraf, R. (2014). Non-market economic valuation of the benefits provided by temperate ecosystems at the extreme south of the Americas. Regional Environmental Change. doi 10.1007/S10113-014-0591-2.
Cerda, C., Fuentes, J.P. & Mancilla, G. (2018). Can conservation in protected areas and visitor preferences converge? An empirical study in Central Chile. 27, 1431-1451.
Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory; a practical guide through qualitative analysis. California: Sage, Thousand Oaks.
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Di Minin, E., Fraser, I., Slotow, R. & MacMillan, D. C. (2013). Understanding heterogeneous preference of tourists for big game species: implications for conservation and management. Animal Conservation, 16, 249-258.
Ehrlich, P. (2005). Millennium assessment of human behavior. Science, 309, 562–563.
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Greider, T. & Garkovich, L. (1994). Landscapes: the social construction of nature and the environment. Rural Sociology, 59(1), 1-24.
Hausmann, A., Slotow, R., Fraser, I. & Di Minin, E. (2017). Ecotourism marketing alternative to charismatic megafauna can also support biodiversity conservation.Animal Conservation, 20, 91- 100.
Herrmann, T.H., Schüttler, E., Benavides, P., Gálvez, N., Söhn, L. & Palomo, N. (2013). Values, animal symbolism, and human-animal relationships associated to two threatened felids in Mapuche and Chilean local narratives. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9, 41.
Hoffmann, A. (1992). Plantas medicinales de uso común en Chile. Santiago de Chile, Chile: Fundación Claudio Gay.
Howe, D., Kahn, P. y Friedman, B. (1996). Along the Río Negro: Brazilian children’s environmental views and values. Developmental Psychology, 32, 979-987.
IPBES (Plataforma Científico-Política Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios de los
Ecosistemas). (2012). Lineamientos de la Plataforma intergubernamental en biodiversidad y
servicios ecosistémicos. Recuperado de http://www.ipbes.net/component/content/article/45workprogramme/466-deliverable-3biii.html. Fecha de consulta: 24/05/2015.
Jacobson, SK. McDuff, MD. y Monroe, MC. (2015). Conservation education and outreach
techniques. Segunda Edición. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Kareiva, P. (2012). Dam choices: Analyses for multiple needs. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences, 109, 5553–5554.
Kareiva P. & Marvier, M. (2014). What is Conservation science? BioScience, 62(11), 962-969.
Kellert, S. & Berry, J. (1980). Phase III: Knowledge, Affection and Basic Attitudes Toward Animals in American Society. Washington, D.C: United States Government Printing Office.
Knight, A. (2008). Bats, snakes and spiders, Oh my!’’ How aesthetic and negativistic attitudes, and other concepts predict support for species protection. Journal of Environmental Psychologie, 28, 94–103.
López, H. (2010). Percepción y cognición ambiental, un marco referencial para una psicología ambiental de la relación individuo-ambiente. Recuperado de http://www.funlam.edu.co/revistas/index.php/poiesis/article/viewFile/107/81. Fecha de consulta: 5/6/2015.
Maraja, R., Barkmann, J. & Teja, T. (2016). Perceptions of cultural ecosystem services from urban green. Ecosystem Services, 17, 33-39.
Martín-López, B., Montes, C. & Benayas, J. (2007). The non-economic motives behind willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation, 139, 67-82.
Martin-López, B., González, J. & Montoes, C. (2011). The pitfall-trap of species conservation priority setting. Environmental Conservation, 20(3), 663-682.
Mascia, M., Peter, J., Dobson, T., Forbes, F., Horowitz, L., Mckean, M. & Turner, N. (2003). Conservation and the social sciences. Conservation Biology, 17, 649–650.
Mc Cleery, RA. (2009). Improving attitudinal framework to predict behaviour in human-wildlife conflicts. Society and natural Resources, 22, 353–368.
Menegoz, K., Cerda, C. & Saavedra, B. (2013). Conocimiento, uso y valoración de la flora vascular de Tierra del Fuego, el ejemplo de Karukinka. Anales Del Instituto de la Patagonia, 41(1), 7-21.
Messmer, T. (2009). Human-wildlife conflicts: emerging challenges and opportunities.Human Wildlife Conflicts, 3, 10–17.
Miller, K.M. y McGee, T.K. (2001). Toward incorporating human dimensions information into wildlife management decision making. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 6, 205–221.
Miller, J. (2005). Biodiversity conservation and the extinction of experience. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20, 430-434.
Leong, KM. (2010). The tragedy of becoming common: landscape change and perceptions of wildlife. Society and Natural Resources, 23, 111–127.
Oberhuber, T., Lomas, P., Duch, G. y González, M. (2010). El papel de la biodiversidad. Recuperado de. Fecha de consulta: 16/01/2017.
OTAS . (2005). Actualización y Adecuación del Plan Regulador Comunal de San José de Maipo. Recuperado de.
PLADECO, (2010). Plan de Desarrollo Comunal San José de Maipo 2010-2014. Tomo I. Caracterización Diagnostico Técnico Comunal. Recuperado de.
Pizarro-Araya, J., López-Cortés, F., Jewell, S. y Inostroza, M.C. (2014). Preferencias de niños y niñas en relación con los artrópodos epigeos. IDESIA, 32, 3.
Plous, S. (1993). Psychological mechanisms in the human use of animals. Journal of Social Issues, 49, 11–52.
Prokop, P. & Tunnicliffe, S. (2010). Effects of having pets at home on children’s attitudes toward popular and unpopular animals. Anthrozoos, 23, 21-35.
Ressurreicão, A., Gibbons, J., Dentinho, T.P., Kaiser, M., Santos, R.S. & Edwards-Jones, G. (2011). Economic valuation of species loss in the open sea. Ecological Economics, 70, 729–739.
Schüttler, E., Rozzi, R. & Jax, K. (2011). Towards a societal discourse on invasive species management: A case study of public perceptions of mink and beavers in Cape Horn. Journal for Nature Conservation, 19, 175-184.
Serpell, A. (2004). Factors influencing human attitudes to animals and their welfare.Animal Welfare, 13, 145–151.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Recuperado de.
Tomkins, S. & Tunnicliffe, S. (2007). Nature tables: stimulating children’s interest in natural objects. Journal of Biological Education, 41, 150-155.
Zorondo, F., Reyes-García, V. & Simonetti, J. (2014). Conservation of biodiversity in private lands: are Chilean landowners willing to keep threatened species in their lands? Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 87, 4.
Barkmann, J., Cerda, C. & Marggraf, R. (2005). Interdisziplinäre analyse von naturbildern: Notwendige Voraussetzung für die ökonomische Bewertung der natürlicehn Umwelt. Umweltpsychologie, 9, 10–29.
Berghoefer, U., Rozzi, R. & Jax, K. (2010). Many Eyes on Nature: Diverse Perspectives in the Cape Horn Biosphere Reserve and Their Relevance for Conservation. Ecology and Society, 15(1), 18.
Bidegain, I., Cerda, C., Tironi, A. & López-Santiago, C (2019). Social preferences for ecosystem services in a biodiversity hotpot in South America. Plos One, DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0215715.
Burghardt, G.M. & Herzog, H.A. (1989). Animals, evolution and ethics. In R. J. Hoage. (Ed.), Perceptions of Animals in American Culture (pp. 129–151). Washington, DC: Smithsonian Institution Press.
Bixler, R., Floyd, M. & Hammitt, W. (2002). Environmental socialization: Quantitative tests of the childhood play hypothesis. Environment and Behavior, 34, 795-818.
CBD (Convención de Diversidad Biológica). (2010). Perspectiva mundial sobre la biodiversidad 3. Recuperado de https://www.cbd.int/doc/publications/gbo/gbo3-final-es.pdf Fecha de consulta: 1/06/2015.
Cerda, C., Bidegain, I., Silva-Rodríguez, E., Briceño, C., Promis, A., Razeto, J., Tironi, A. & De la Maza, C.L. (2019). Valoración social de la vida silvestre: Un estudio de caso en un hotspot de biodiversidad en Chile Central. En C. Cerda, E. Silva-Rodríguez, Briceño, C. (Eds.), Naturaleza en sociedad: Una mirada a la dimensión humana de la conservación de la biodiversidad (pp. 443-471). Santiago: Editorial Ocho Libros.
Cerda, C., Barkmann, J. & Marggraf, R. (2014). Non-market economic valuation of the benefits provided by temperate ecosystems at the extreme south of the Americas. Regional Environmental Change. doi 10.1007/S10113-014-0591-2.
Cerda, C., Fuentes, J.P. & Mancilla, G. (2018). Can conservation in protected areas and visitor preferences converge? An empirical study in Central Chile. 27, 1431-1451.
Charmaz, K. (2006). Constructing grounded theory; a practical guide through qualitative analysis. California: Sage, Thousand Oaks.
COMISIÓN NACIONAL DEL MEDIO AMBIENTE-CONAMA. (2003). Plan de acción “SantiagoAndino” 2005-2010. Recuperado de http://www.sinia.cl/1292/articles-37027_PDA_stgoandino.pdf.
De Albuquerque, U., De Madeiros, P., De Sousa, T., Da Silva, T. Cruz da Cunha, L., De Oliveira, J. & Castelo, F. (2008). The role of ethnobotany and environmental perception in the conservation of tlantic forest fragments in northeastern Brazil.Bioremediation, Biodiversity and Bioavailability, 2 (Special Issue 1), 27-34.
Di Minin, E., Fraser, I., Slotow, R. & MacMillan, D. C. (2013). Understanding heterogeneous preference of tourists for big game species: implications for conservation and management. Animal Conservation, 16, 249-258.
Ehrlich, P. (2005). Millennium assessment of human behavior. Science, 309, 562–563.
Gobierno Regional Metropolitano de Santiago. (2014). Estrategia Regional para la Conservación de la Biodiversidad en la Región Metropolitana de Santiago 2015 -2025. Recuperado de Link. Fecha de consulta: 20/02/2015.
Gallardo, S. y Gastó, J. (1987). Estado y planteamiento hipotético del cambio de estado de ecosistema de Quillaja saponaria Mol. Santiago de Chile, Chile: Pontificia Universidad Católica de Chile. Facultad de Agronomía.
Greider, T. & Garkovich, L. (1994). Landscapes: the social construction of nature and the environment. Rural Sociology, 59(1), 1-24.
Hausmann, A., Slotow, R., Fraser, I. & Di Minin, E. (2017). Ecotourism marketing alternative to charismatic megafauna can also support biodiversity conservation.Animal Conservation, 20, 91- 100.
Herrmann, T.H., Schüttler, E., Benavides, P., Gálvez, N., Söhn, L. & Palomo, N. (2013). Values, animal symbolism, and human-animal relationships associated to two threatened felids in Mapuche and Chilean local narratives. Journal of Ethnobiology and Ethnomedicine, 9, 41.
Hoffmann, A. (1992). Plantas medicinales de uso común en Chile. Santiago de Chile, Chile: Fundación Claudio Gay.
Howe, D., Kahn, P. y Friedman, B. (1996). Along the Río Negro: Brazilian children’s environmental views and values. Developmental Psychology, 32, 979-987.
IPBES (Plataforma Científico-Política Intergubernamental sobre Biodiversidad y Servicios de los
Ecosistemas). (2012). Lineamientos de la Plataforma intergubernamental en biodiversidad y
servicios ecosistémicos. Recuperado de http://www.ipbes.net/component/content/article/45workprogramme/466-deliverable-3biii.html. Fecha de consulta: 24/05/2015.
Jacobson, SK. McDuff, MD. y Monroe, MC. (2015). Conservation education and outreach
techniques. Segunda Edición. Oxford, UK: Oxford University Press.
Kareiva, P. (2012). Dam choices: Analyses for multiple needs. Proceedings of the National
Academy of Sciences, 109, 5553–5554.
Kareiva P. & Marvier, M. (2014). What is Conservation science? BioScience, 62(11), 962-969.
Kellert, S. & Berry, J. (1980). Phase III: Knowledge, Affection and Basic Attitudes Toward Animals in American Society. Washington, D.C: United States Government Printing Office.
Knight, A. (2008). Bats, snakes and spiders, Oh my!’’ How aesthetic and negativistic attitudes, and other concepts predict support for species protection. Journal of Environmental Psychologie, 28, 94–103.
López, H. (2010). Percepción y cognición ambiental, un marco referencial para una psicología ambiental de la relación individuo-ambiente. Recuperado de http://www.funlam.edu.co/revistas/index.php/poiesis/article/viewFile/107/81. Fecha de consulta: 5/6/2015.
Maraja, R., Barkmann, J. & Teja, T. (2016). Perceptions of cultural ecosystem services from urban green. Ecosystem Services, 17, 33-39.
Martín-López, B., Montes, C. & Benayas, J. (2007). The non-economic motives behind willingness to pay for biodiversity conservation. Biological Conservation, 139, 67-82.
Martin-López, B., González, J. & Montoes, C. (2011). The pitfall-trap of species conservation priority setting. Environmental Conservation, 20(3), 663-682.
Mascia, M., Peter, J., Dobson, T., Forbes, F., Horowitz, L., Mckean, M. & Turner, N. (2003). Conservation and the social sciences. Conservation Biology, 17, 649–650.
Mc Cleery, RA. (2009). Improving attitudinal framework to predict behaviour in human-wildlife conflicts. Society and natural Resources, 22, 353–368.
Menegoz, K., Cerda, C. & Saavedra, B. (2013). Conocimiento, uso y valoración de la flora vascular de Tierra del Fuego, el ejemplo de Karukinka. Anales Del Instituto de la Patagonia, 41(1), 7-21.
Messmer, T. (2009). Human-wildlife conflicts: emerging challenges and opportunities.Human Wildlife Conflicts, 3, 10–17.
Miller, K.M. y McGee, T.K. (2001). Toward incorporating human dimensions information into wildlife management decision making. Human Dimensions of Wildlife, 6, 205–221.
Miller, J. (2005). Biodiversity conservation and the extinction of experience. Trends in Ecology and Evolution, 20, 430-434.
Leong, KM. (2010). The tragedy of becoming common: landscape change and perceptions of wildlife. Society and Natural Resources, 23, 111–127.
Oberhuber, T., Lomas, P., Duch, G. y González, M. (2010). El papel de la biodiversidad. Recuperado de. Fecha de consulta: 16/01/2017.
OTAS . (2005). Actualización y Adecuación del Plan Regulador Comunal de San José de Maipo. Recuperado de.
PLADECO, (2010). Plan de Desarrollo Comunal San José de Maipo 2010-2014. Tomo I. Caracterización Diagnostico Técnico Comunal. Recuperado de.
Pizarro-Araya, J., López-Cortés, F., Jewell, S. y Inostroza, M.C. (2014). Preferencias de niños y niñas en relación con los artrópodos epigeos. IDESIA, 32, 3.
Plous, S. (1993). Psychological mechanisms in the human use of animals. Journal of Social Issues, 49, 11–52.
Prokop, P. & Tunnicliffe, S. (2010). Effects of having pets at home on children’s attitudes toward popular and unpopular animals. Anthrozoos, 23, 21-35.
Ressurreicão, A., Gibbons, J., Dentinho, T.P., Kaiser, M., Santos, R.S. & Edwards-Jones, G. (2011). Economic valuation of species loss in the open sea. Ecological Economics, 70, 729–739.
Schüttler, E., Rozzi, R. & Jax, K. (2011). Towards a societal discourse on invasive species management: A case study of public perceptions of mink and beavers in Cape Horn. Journal for Nature Conservation, 19, 175-184.
Serpell, A. (2004). Factors influencing human attitudes to animals and their welfare.Animal Welfare, 13, 145–151.
Strauss, A. & Corbin, J. (1998). Basics of qualitative research: Grounded theory procedures and techniques. Recuperado de.
Tomkins, S. & Tunnicliffe, S. (2007). Nature tables: stimulating children’s interest in natural objects. Journal of Biological Education, 41, 150-155.
Zorondo, F., Reyes-García, V. & Simonetti, J. (2014). Conservation of biodiversity in private lands: are Chilean landowners willing to keep threatened species in their lands? Revista Chilena de Historia Natural, 87, 4.
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