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Publication Date: 2011-07-01
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Curcio CL, Corriveau H, Beaulieu M. Meaning and fear of falling process in the elderly. Hacia Promoc. Salud [Internet]. 2011 Jul. 1 [cited 2024 Nov. 23];16(2):32-51. Available from: https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/view/1905
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Abstract
Introduction: The fear of falling is a great worry for both, the elderly and their families and the health professionals. All its consequences are important for the health, welfare and quality of life of the elderly. Most of the studies have been developed from an epidemiologic perspective and only some rare exceptions from the qualitative perspective. Materials and methods: A qualitative method of the grounded theory was used. A theoretical sampling in different stages (open, discriminated and selective) was carried out in order to achieve saturation of the emergent concepts. The interviews were performed to 37 older than 60 people in three cities in the Colombian Coffee Region. The analysis respects the principles of the grounded theory: open, axial and selective coding for the construction of the theoretical model. Results and discussion: The fear of falling is a difficult to define, vague and ambiguous concept. The participants recall a vague, without a precise objective or evident cause fear whose threat is dark, hazy, with limited duration and accompanied by helplessness feelings. The fear of falling in the elderly generates a lot of anguish and in order to control it they have to transform it in secondary fears. The management of the fear of falling is a process that demands a reorganization of daily life and has an imminently biographic character: to face this fear the elderly make adjustments that allow them to incorporate in their lives both, the fear of falling and the changes it brings along. These changes harmonize through interactions. Conclusion: The fear of falling is a feeling that deeply modifies the relationship of an elderly with himself and with his environment. This way, the fear of falling in the elderly is more than an emotion and its management implies changes: biographic adjustments and daily life reorganization. These changes are built through interactions that develop in different spheres of the social life. This new way to conceive the fear of falling imposes new challenges for its management and to avoid the negative consequences.
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References
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Buchner D, Hornbrook M, Kutner NG, Tinetti M, Ory M, Mulrow C, et al. Development of the common database for the FICSIT trials. J Am Geriatr Soc 1993;41(3),297-308.
Jorstad E, Hauer K, Becker C, Lamb S. Measuring of psychological outcomes of falling: A systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53(3),501-10.
Studensky S, Rigler S. Clinical overview of instability in older people. Clin Geriatr Med1996;12(4),679-88.
Tinetti M, Richman D, Powel L. Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of falling. J Gerontol 1990;45B(6),P239-43.
Hadjistavropoulos T, Delbaere K, Fitzgerald TD. Reconceptualizing the Role of Fear of Falling and Balance Confidence in Fall Risk. J Aging Health, 2011;23(1),3-23.
Filiatrault J. Confiance en son équilibre et équilibre perçu chez les ainés: conceptualisation, mesure et impact d’un programme communautaire de prévention des chutes. Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en sante publique, option promotion de la sante. Montréal: Université de Montréal; 2008.
Friedman S, Munoz B, West S, Rubin G, Fried L. Falls and fear of falling: Which comes first? A longitudinal prediction model suggests strategies for primary and secondary prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50(8),1329-35.
Scheffer AC, Schuurmans MJ, van Dijk N, van der Hooft T, de Rooij SE. Fear of falling: measurement strategy, prevalence, risk factors and consequences among older persons. Age Ageing 2008;37(1):19-24.
Gomez F, Curcio CL. The development of a fear of falling interdisciplinary intervention program. ClinInterv Aging 2007;2(4):661-7.
Curcio CL, Gómez F, Reyes-Ortiz C. Activity restriction related to fear of falling among older people in the Colombian Andes Mountains: Are functional or psychosocial risk factors more important? J Aging Health 2009;21(3),460-79.
Murphy S, Williams C, Gill T. Characteristics associated with fear of falling and activity restriction in community-living older persons J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50(3),516-20.
Fletcher PC, Hirdes JP. Restriction in activity associated with fear of falling among communitybased seniors using home care services. Age Ageing 2004;33(3),273-79.
Wilson MM, Miller DK, Andresen EM, MalmstromTK, Miller JP, Wolinsky FD. Fear of falling and related activity restriction among middle-aged African American. J Gerontol 2005;60A(3),355-60.
Curcio CL, Gómez JF. Factores predictores de temor a caer. Rev Asoc Colomb Gerontol Geriatr 2006;20(4):959-70.
Delbaere K, Crombez G, Vanderstraeten G, Willems T, Cambier D. Fear-related avoidance of activities, falls and physical frailty. A prospective community-based cohort study. Age Ageing 2004;33(4),368-73.
McAuley EM, MihalkoSL, Rosengren K. Self-efficacy and balance correlates of fear of falling in the elderly. J Aging Phys Act 1997;4/5,329-40.
Arfken CL, Lach H, Birge SJ, Miller JP. The prevalence and correlates of fear of falling in elderly persons living in the community. Am J Public Health1994;84(4),565-70.
Suzuki M, Ohyama N, Yamada K, Kanamori M. The relationships between fear of falling, activities of daily living and quality of life among elderly individuals. Nurs Health Scie 2002;4(4),155-61.
Jamison M, Neuberger GB, Miller PA. Correlates of falls and fear of falling among adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatism 2003;49(5),673-80.
Lord S, Castell S. Physical activity program for older persons: Effects on balance, strength, neuromuscular control, and reaction time. Arch Phys Med Rehab 1994;75(6),648-52.
Lach H. Incidence and risk factors for developing fear of falling in older adults. Public Health Nursing 2005;22(1),45-52.
Tischler L, Hobson S. Fear of falling: A qualitative study among community-dwelling older adults. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics 2005;23(4),37-53.
Ward-Griffin C, Hobson S, Melles P, Kloseck M, Vandervoort A, Crilly R. Falls and fear of falling among community-dwelling seniors: The dynamic tension between exercising precaution and striving for independence. Canadian Journal on Aging 2005;23(4),307-18.
Huang T. Managing fear of falling: Taiwanese elders’ perspective. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2005;42(7),743-50.
Lee F, Mackenzie L, James C. Perception of older people living in community about their fear of falling. Disability Rehabilitation 2008;30(23),1803-11.
Strauss A, Corbin J. Les fondements de la recherche qualitative. Techniques et procédures de développement de la théorie enracinée. Fribourg: AcademicPress Fribourg; 2004.
Diel P. La peur et l’angoisse. Paris: Payot; 1968.
Sauzet J. L’angoisse face à la mort. Études2001;3(394),359-70.
Mannoni P. La peur. Paris: Presses universitaires de France; 1982.
Natanson J. La peur et l’angoisse, Imaginaire et Inconscient 2008;2(22),161-73.
Delpierre G. La peur et l’être. Toulouse: Privat; 1974.
Mauriac F. La victoire sur l’angoisse. In : Dans J. Ahrweiller, editors. Écrits sur l’angoisse. Paris: Seghers; 1963. pp. 173-79.
Baas B. L’angoisse et la dette. Savoirs et clinique 2003;2(3),27-34.
Eck M. L’homme et l’angoisse. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard; 1964.
Bauman Z. Miedolíquido. Barcelona: Paidós; 2007.
Ricoeur P. Vraie et fausse angoisse. In: Dans, Schuman R, Calogero G, Eliade M, Mauriac F, Ricoeur P, De Saussure R et al., editors. L’angoisse du temps présent et les devoirs de l’esprit. Textes de conférences et des entretiens Neufchâte: Éditions de la Baconnière; 1953. pp. 37-61.
Heidegger M. Être et Temps. Paris: Gallimard; 1964.
Rocque S, Langevin J, Drouin C, Faille J. De l’autonomie à la réduction des dépendances. Montréal: Éditions Nouvelles; 1999.
Morin E. Les anti-peurs. Communications 1993;57(1),131-39.
Giddens A. Modernity and Self-identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford: Stanford University Press; 1991.
Corbin J, Strauss A. Unending Work and Care: Managing Chronic Illness at Home. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1988.
Mead GH. L’esprit, le soi et la société. Paris: Presses universitaires de France; 2006.
Corbin JM. The body in health and illness. Qualitative Health Research 2003;13(2), 256-67.
Boudon R, Mingasson L. Entre valeurs de l’espace privé et valeurs communes. Informations sociales 2006;8(136):26-34.
Gómez LF, Parra DC, Buchner D, Brownson RC, Sarmiento OL, Pinzón JD, et al. Built environment attributes and walking patterns among the elderly population in Bogotá. Am J Prev Med 2010;38(6),592-9.
Bury M. Chronic illness as biographical disruption. Sociology of Health & Illness1982;4(2),167-82.
Dictionnaire de sociologie. Paris : Encyclopédie Universalis/Albin Michel; 2007.
Strauss A. Identity, biography, history, and symbolic representations. Social Psychology Quarterly 1995;58(1),4-12.
Kong K. Psychosocial consequences of falling: The perspective of the older Hong Kong Chinese who had experienced recent falls. Journal Advanced Nurs 2002;37(3),234-42.
Yardley L, Smith H. A prospective study of the relationship between feared consequences of falling and avoidance of activity in community-living older people. Gerontologist 2002;42(1),17-23.
Ballinger C, Payne S. The construction of the risk of falling among and by older people. Ageing and Society 2002;22(3),305-24.
Kilian C, Salmoni A, Ward-Griffin C, Kloseck M. (). Perceiving falls within a family context: A focused ethnographic approach. Canadian Journal Aging2008;27(4),331-45.
Liddle J, Gilleard C. The emotional consequences of falls for older people and their families. Clin Rehab1995; 9(2),110-4.
World Health Organization. WHO global reports on falls prevention in old age. Geneva; 2007.
Zijlstra G, van Haastregt J, van Eijk J, van Rossum E, Stalenhoef P, Kempen G. Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people. Age Ageing 2007;36(3),304-9.
Howland J, Lachman M, Peterson E, Cote J, Kasten L, Jette A. Covariates of fear of falling and associated activity curtailment. Gerontologist 1998; 38(5),549-55.
Howland J, Walker E, Levin W, Fried L, Pordon D, Bak S. Fear of falling among the communitydwelling elderly. J Aging Health 1993;5(2),229-43.
Buchner D, Hornbrook M, Kutner NG, Tinetti M, Ory M, Mulrow C, et al. Development of the common database for the FICSIT trials. J Am Geriatr Soc 1993;41(3),297-308.
Jorstad E, Hauer K, Becker C, Lamb S. Measuring of psychological outcomes of falling: A systematic review. J Am Geriatr Soc 2005;53(3),501-10.
Studensky S, Rigler S. Clinical overview of instability in older people. Clin Geriatr Med1996;12(4),679-88.
Tinetti M, Richman D, Powel L. Falls efficacy as a measure of fear of falling. J Gerontol 1990;45B(6),P239-43.
Hadjistavropoulos T, Delbaere K, Fitzgerald TD. Reconceptualizing the Role of Fear of Falling and Balance Confidence in Fall Risk. J Aging Health, 2011;23(1),3-23.
Filiatrault J. Confiance en son équilibre et équilibre perçu chez les ainés: conceptualisation, mesure et impact d’un programme communautaire de prévention des chutes. Thèse présentée à la Faculté des études supérieures en vue de l’obtention du grade de Philosophiae Doctor (Ph.D.) en sante publique, option promotion de la sante. Montréal: Université de Montréal; 2008.
Friedman S, Munoz B, West S, Rubin G, Fried L. Falls and fear of falling: Which comes first? A longitudinal prediction model suggests strategies for primary and secondary prevention. J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50(8),1329-35.
Scheffer AC, Schuurmans MJ, van Dijk N, van der Hooft T, de Rooij SE. Fear of falling: measurement strategy, prevalence, risk factors and consequences among older persons. Age Ageing 2008;37(1):19-24.
Gomez F, Curcio CL. The development of a fear of falling interdisciplinary intervention program. ClinInterv Aging 2007;2(4):661-7.
Curcio CL, Gómez F, Reyes-Ortiz C. Activity restriction related to fear of falling among older people in the Colombian Andes Mountains: Are functional or psychosocial risk factors more important? J Aging Health 2009;21(3),460-79.
Murphy S, Williams C, Gill T. Characteristics associated with fear of falling and activity restriction in community-living older persons J Am Geriatr Soc 2002;50(3),516-20.
Fletcher PC, Hirdes JP. Restriction in activity associated with fear of falling among communitybased seniors using home care services. Age Ageing 2004;33(3),273-79.
Wilson MM, Miller DK, Andresen EM, MalmstromTK, Miller JP, Wolinsky FD. Fear of falling and related activity restriction among middle-aged African American. J Gerontol 2005;60A(3),355-60.
Curcio CL, Gómez JF. Factores predictores de temor a caer. Rev Asoc Colomb Gerontol Geriatr 2006;20(4):959-70.
Delbaere K, Crombez G, Vanderstraeten G, Willems T, Cambier D. Fear-related avoidance of activities, falls and physical frailty. A prospective community-based cohort study. Age Ageing 2004;33(4),368-73.
McAuley EM, MihalkoSL, Rosengren K. Self-efficacy and balance correlates of fear of falling in the elderly. J Aging Phys Act 1997;4/5,329-40.
Arfken CL, Lach H, Birge SJ, Miller JP. The prevalence and correlates of fear of falling in elderly persons living in the community. Am J Public Health1994;84(4),565-70.
Suzuki M, Ohyama N, Yamada K, Kanamori M. The relationships between fear of falling, activities of daily living and quality of life among elderly individuals. Nurs Health Scie 2002;4(4),155-61.
Jamison M, Neuberger GB, Miller PA. Correlates of falls and fear of falling among adults with rheumatoid arthritis. Arthritis Rheumatism 2003;49(5),673-80.
Lord S, Castell S. Physical activity program for older persons: Effects on balance, strength, neuromuscular control, and reaction time. Arch Phys Med Rehab 1994;75(6),648-52.
Lach H. Incidence and risk factors for developing fear of falling in older adults. Public Health Nursing 2005;22(1),45-52.
Tischler L, Hobson S. Fear of falling: A qualitative study among community-dwelling older adults. Physical and Occupational Therapy in Geriatrics 2005;23(4),37-53.
Ward-Griffin C, Hobson S, Melles P, Kloseck M, Vandervoort A, Crilly R. Falls and fear of falling among community-dwelling seniors: The dynamic tension between exercising precaution and striving for independence. Canadian Journal on Aging 2005;23(4),307-18.
Huang T. Managing fear of falling: Taiwanese elders’ perspective. International Journal of Nursing Studies 2005;42(7),743-50.
Lee F, Mackenzie L, James C. Perception of older people living in community about their fear of falling. Disability Rehabilitation 2008;30(23),1803-11.
Strauss A, Corbin J. Les fondements de la recherche qualitative. Techniques et procédures de développement de la théorie enracinée. Fribourg: AcademicPress Fribourg; 2004.
Diel P. La peur et l’angoisse. Paris: Payot; 1968.
Sauzet J. L’angoisse face à la mort. Études2001;3(394),359-70.
Mannoni P. La peur. Paris: Presses universitaires de France; 1982.
Natanson J. La peur et l’angoisse, Imaginaire et Inconscient 2008;2(22),161-73.
Delpierre G. La peur et l’être. Toulouse: Privat; 1974.
Mauriac F. La victoire sur l’angoisse. In : Dans J. Ahrweiller, editors. Écrits sur l’angoisse. Paris: Seghers; 1963. pp. 173-79.
Baas B. L’angoisse et la dette. Savoirs et clinique 2003;2(3),27-34.
Eck M. L’homme et l’angoisse. Paris: Librairie Arthème Fayard; 1964.
Bauman Z. Miedolíquido. Barcelona: Paidós; 2007.
Ricoeur P. Vraie et fausse angoisse. In: Dans, Schuman R, Calogero G, Eliade M, Mauriac F, Ricoeur P, De Saussure R et al., editors. L’angoisse du temps présent et les devoirs de l’esprit. Textes de conférences et des entretiens Neufchâte: Éditions de la Baconnière; 1953. pp. 37-61.
Heidegger M. Être et Temps. Paris: Gallimard; 1964.
Rocque S, Langevin J, Drouin C, Faille J. De l’autonomie à la réduction des dépendances. Montréal: Éditions Nouvelles; 1999.
Morin E. Les anti-peurs. Communications 1993;57(1),131-39.
Giddens A. Modernity and Self-identity. Self and Society in the Late Modern Age. Stanford: Stanford University Press; 1991.
Corbin J, Strauss A. Unending Work and Care: Managing Chronic Illness at Home. San Francisco: Jossey-Bass; 1988.
Mead GH. L’esprit, le soi et la société. Paris: Presses universitaires de France; 2006.
Corbin JM. The body in health and illness. Qualitative Health Research 2003;13(2), 256-67.
Boudon R, Mingasson L. Entre valeurs de l’espace privé et valeurs communes. Informations sociales 2006;8(136):26-34.
Gómez LF, Parra DC, Buchner D, Brownson RC, Sarmiento OL, Pinzón JD, et al. Built environment attributes and walking patterns among the elderly population in Bogotá. Am J Prev Med 2010;38(6),592-9.
Bury M. Chronic illness as biographical disruption. Sociology of Health & Illness1982;4(2),167-82.
Dictionnaire de sociologie. Paris : Encyclopédie Universalis/Albin Michel; 2007.
Strauss A. Identity, biography, history, and symbolic representations. Social Psychology Quarterly 1995;58(1),4-12.
Kong K. Psychosocial consequences of falling: The perspective of the older Hong Kong Chinese who had experienced recent falls. Journal Advanced Nurs 2002;37(3),234-42.
Yardley L, Smith H. A prospective study of the relationship between feared consequences of falling and avoidance of activity in community-living older people. Gerontologist 2002;42(1),17-23.
Ballinger C, Payne S. The construction of the risk of falling among and by older people. Ageing and Society 2002;22(3),305-24.
Kilian C, Salmoni A, Ward-Griffin C, Kloseck M. (). Perceiving falls within a family context: A focused ethnographic approach. Canadian Journal Aging2008;27(4),331-45.
Liddle J, Gilleard C. The emotional consequences of falls for older people and their families. Clin Rehab1995; 9(2),110-4.
World Health Organization. WHO global reports on falls prevention in old age. Geneva; 2007.
Zijlstra G, van Haastregt J, van Eijk J, van Rossum E, Stalenhoef P, Kempen G. Prevalence and correlates of fear of falling, and associated avoidance of activity in the general population of community-living older people. Age Ageing 2007;36(3),304-9.
Howland J, Lachman M, Peterson E, Cote J, Kasten L, Jette A. Covariates of fear of falling and associated activity curtailment. Gerontologist 1998; 38(5),549-55.
Howland J, Walker E, Levin W, Fried L, Pordon D, Bak S. Fear of falling among the communitydwelling elderly. J Aging Health 1993;5(2),229-43.
