Explorando los significados del consumo de marihuana en adolescentes: una metasíntesis cualitativa

Resumen

Objetivos: identificar y describir la evidencia sobre los significados atribuidos al consumo de marihuana por los adolescentes. Metodología: metasíntesis cualitativa de la literatura guiada por la metodología propuesta de Sandelowski y Barroso. Se incluyeron estudios cualitativos publicados entre los años 2018 a 2023 en los idiomas inglés, español y portugués. La búsqueda se realizó en los motores de búsqueda de la Biblioteca Virtual de Salud (BVS), PubMed, así como, en las bases de datos de la Red de Revistas Científicas de América Latina y el Caribe, España y Portugal (Redalyc), Epistemonikos, EBSCOhost, Web of Science, ProQuest Health & Medical y ScienceDirect. Resultados: se incluyeron nueve estudios cualitativos y un estudio de método mixto que posibilitaron identificar cuatro temas principales que permitieron interpretar tres significados en los adolescentes: significado del uso de marihuana recreativa, significado del uso de marihuana medicinal y significado negativo hacia la marihuana. Conclusiones: la evidencia proporciona una radiografía del significado del consumo de marihuana de los adolescentes, por lo que, los hallazgos permiten una mejor comprensión sobre el consumo de marihuana en adolescentes, además, facilita componentes de intervención que pueden ser incorporados en futuros programas de prevención creados en función de cada significado.

Palabras clave

Uso de la marihuana

adolescente

teoría fundamentada

investigación cualitativa

enfermería

Citas

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