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Publication Date: 2007-12-21
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Silva Molano, R. F. ., & Loaiza Echeverri, A. M. . (2007). Pyometra in small animals. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 1(2), 71–86. Retrieved from https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/5759
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: The Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia (CEH)-pyometra complex is a progesterone dependent hormonal disease of the uterus of the female canine and feline, which deals with an infectious complication, particularly the infection by E. coli. During the luteal phase of the estrous cycle, progesterone reaches high blood levels, being the agent responsible of this pathological entity. This affection compromises not only the reproductive potential of the patient, but it can also lead to death. This complex presents a high prevalence, and it is frequently observed in middle—aged and older females, or in young females that have received hormonal treatments. The principal aim of the present review is to describe the most relevant aspects of the cystic endometrial hyperplasia (CEH) – pyometra complex.
References
Arnold, S. Canine pyometra: new approaches to an old disease. World congress WASAVA/FECAVA/ CSAVA; 2006. p.691-692.
Arora, N.; Sandford, J.; Browning G.F.; Sandy J.R.; Wright P.J. A model for cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1530-1536, 2006.
Barranco, E. Aminoglúcosidos. Acta Médica. v.8, n.1, p.48-53, 1998.
Barton, C.; Cain, J. Complejo Hiperplasia Endometrial Quística – Piómetra. In: Morgan, R. Clínica de pequeños animales. 3.ed. Madrid: Harcourt Brace, 1999. p.595-597.
Brown, S.; Engelhardt, J. Drug-related nephropathies. Part 2. Commonly used drugs. In: The Compendium Collection. Renal Disease. U.S.A.: Veterinary Learning Systems, 1994. p.94- 101.
Chen, Y.M.M.; Lee, C.S.; Wright, P.J. The roles of progestagen and uterine irritant in the maintenance of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in the canine uterus. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1537–1544, 2006.
Corrada, Y.; Arias, D.; Rodríguez, R.; Tortora, M.; Gobello, C. Combination dopamine agonist and prostaglandin agonist treatment of cystic endometrial hyperplasia–pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1557–1559, 2006.
Davidson, P. Tratamiento médico de la piómetra con PGF2 en la perra y la gata. In: Kirk, P.; Bonagura, J. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales XII. 12.ed. España: Interamericana McGraw-Hill, 1995. p.1081-1083.
Dhaliwal, G.; Wray, C.; Noakes, D. Uterine bacterial flora and uterine lesions in bitches with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra). The Vet. rec. v.143, n.24, p.659-661, 1998.
De Bosschere, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Vermeirsch, H.; et al. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia – pyometra complex in the bitch: should the two entities be disconnected Theriogenology. v.55, n.7, p.1509-1519, 2001.
De Bosschere, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Vermeirsch, H.; Simoens, P.; Coryn, M. Estrogen-α and progesterone receptor expression in cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra in the bitch. Animal Reproduction Science. v.70, p.251-259, 2002.
De Cock, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Tilmant, K.; De Schepper, J. Possible role for insulin-like growth factor-I in the pathogenesis of cystic endometrial hyperplasia pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.57, p.2271-2287, 2002.
Faldyna, M.; Laznicka, A.; Toman, M. Immunosuppression in bitches with pyometra. Journal of animal practice. v.42, p.5-10, 2001.
Felmand, E. The Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia / Pyometra Complex and Infertility in Female Dogs. In: Ettinger, S.; Feldman, E. Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine disease of the dog and cat. 5.ed. Philadelphia USA: W.B. Saunders, 2000. p.1549-1555.
Feldman, E.; Nelson, R. Endocrinología y reproducción en perros y gatos. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2000. p.657-671, 826-829.
Fieni F. Clinical evaluation of the use of aglepristone, with or without cloprostenol, to treat cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex in bitches. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1550–1556, 2006.
Fransson, B. Systemic Inflammatory Response in Canine Pyometra, The Response to Bacterial Uterine Infection. Uppsala, Suecia: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 2003. 48p. Doctoral thesis.
Gilbert, R. Diagnosis and treatment of pyometra in bitches and queens. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian. v.14, n.6, p.777-784, 1992.
Gobello, C.; Caxtex, G.; Klima, L.; et al. A study of two protocols combining aglepristone and cloprostenol to treat open cervix pyometra in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.60, n.5, p.901-908, 2003.
Gobello, C. Interrupción de la gestación. In: Primer Seminario Latinoamericano de Medicina, Endocrinología y Biotecnología Reproductiva en Pequeños Animales, 2003, Temuco, Chile. Memorias…; 2003. p.5-11.
Hagman, R. New Aspects of Canine Pyometra, Studies on Epidemiology and Patogénesis. Uppsala, Suecia: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciencies, 2004. 55p. Doctoral thesis.
Hagman, R.; Kühn, I. Escherichia coli strains isolated from the uterus and urinary bladder of bitches suffering from pyometra: comparison by restriction enzyme digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Veterinary Microbiology. v.84, p.143-153, 2002.
Hagman, R.; Kindahl, H.; Fransson, B.A.; Bergström, A.; Ström Holst, B.; Lagerstedt, A.S. Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis. Theriogenology. v.66, p.198-206, 2006.
Hedlund, C. Piómetra. En: Fossum, T. Cirugía en pequeños animales. Inter-médica, Buenos Aires. República Argentina, 1999. p.588-593.
Heiene, R.; Van Vonderen, I.K.; Moe, L.; Mølmen, G.S.; Larsen, N.H.; Kooistra, N.S. Vasopressin secretion in response to osmotic stimulation and effects of desmopressin on urinary concentrating capacity in dogs with pyometra. American Journal Veterinary Research. v.65, n.4, p.404- 408, 2004.
Jayaprakash, R.; Sathiamoorthy, T.; Sureshkumar, R. Incidence of pyometra in bitches: a retrospective study of 249 cases. Tamilnadu Journal Veterinary & Animal Sciences. v.3, n.3, p.164- 165, 2007.
Johnson, C. Tratamiento médico de la piómetra felina. En: Kirk, R.; Bonagura, J. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales XI. España: Interamericana McGraw-Hill, 1994. p.1073- 1076.
Jubb, K. Degenerative lesions of the islets of Langerhans: diabetes mellitus. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.421.
Kennedy, P.; Miller, R. Pyometra in the bitch and queen. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992, p.382.
Kida, K.; Baba, E.; Torii, R.; Kawate, N.; Hatoya, S.; Wijewardana, V.; et al. Lactoferrin expression in the canine uterus during the estrous cycle and with pyometra. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1325- 1333, 2006.
Laing, E. Pyometra. En: Harari, J. Small Animal Surgery. USA: Williams & Wilkins, 1996. p.172- 173.
Maxie, G. Pathogenesis of generalized glomerulonephritis. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego. USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.480.
Musal, B.; Tuna, B. Surgical therapy of complicated uterine stump pyometra in five bitches: a case report. Veterinary Medicine – Czech. v.50, n.12, p.558-562, 2005.
Nelson, R.; Couto, G. Hiperplasia Quística Endometrial (HQE) / Piómetra. En: Nelson, R., Couto G. Medicina interna de animales pequeños. 2.ed. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter- medica, 2000. p.525-526.
Niskanen, M.; Thrusfield, M. Associations between age, parity, hormonal therapy and breed, and pyometra in finnish dogs. Veterinary Record. v.143, n.18, p.493-498, 1998.
Oluoch, A.O.; Kim, C.H.; Weisiger, R.M.; Koo, H.Y.; Siegel, A.M.; Campbell, K.L. et al. Nonenteric Escherichia coli isolates from dogs: 674 cases (1990-1998). American Journal Veterinary Research. v.218, n.3, p.381-384, 2001.
Palmer, N. Nonerosive arthritis. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.180.
Purswell, B. Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia. En: Leib, M.S.; Monroe, W.E. Practical Small Animal Internal Medicine. Philadelphia, USA: W.B. Saunders, 1997. p.422- 426.
Romagnoli, S. Canine Pyometra: Pathogenesis, Therapy and Clinical Cases. Memories 27 WSVA Congress; 2002.
Root, M. Piómetra e Hiperplasia Endometrial Quística. En: Tilley, L.; Smith, F. La consulta veterinaria en cinco minutos. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter-medica, 1998. p.984- 985.
Rootwelt-Andersen, V.; Farstad, W. Treatment of pyometra in the bitch: A survey among Norwegian small animal practitioners. The European Journal of Companion Animal Practice. v.16, n.2, p.195-198, 2006.
Smith, F.O. Canine Pyometra. Theriogenology. v.66, p.610-612, 2006.
Stone, E. Piómetra. En: Slatter, D. Texto de cirugía de los pequeños animales. Barcelona, España: Masson, 1998. p.1733-1736.
Ström Holst, B.; Bergström, A.; Lagerstedt, A.S.; Karlstam, E.; Englund, L.; Båverud, V. Characterization of the bacterial population of the genital tract of adult cats. American Journal Veterinary Research. v.64, n.8, p.963-968, 2003.
Trasch, K.; Wehrend, A.; Bostedt, H. Follow-up examinations of bitches after conservative treatment of pyometra with the antigestagen aglepristone. Journal of Veterinary Medical Association Physiology Pathology Clinical Medicine. v.50, n.7, p.375-379, 2003.
Ververidis, H.N.; Boscos, C.M.; Stefanakis, A.; Saratsis, P.; Stamou, A.I.; Krambovitis, E. Serum estradiol-17β, progesterone and respective uterine cytosol receptor concentrations in bitches with spontaneous pyometra. Theriogenology. v.62, p.614-623, 2004.
Wykes, P.; Olson, P. Metropatías. En: Bojrab, J. Fisiopatología y clínica quirúrgica en animales pequeños. 2.ed. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter-medica, 1996. p.587-590.
Arora, N.; Sandford, J.; Browning G.F.; Sandy J.R.; Wright P.J. A model for cystic endometrial hyperplasia/ pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1530-1536, 2006.
Barranco, E. Aminoglúcosidos. Acta Médica. v.8, n.1, p.48-53, 1998.
Barton, C.; Cain, J. Complejo Hiperplasia Endometrial Quística – Piómetra. In: Morgan, R. Clínica de pequeños animales. 3.ed. Madrid: Harcourt Brace, 1999. p.595-597.
Brown, S.; Engelhardt, J. Drug-related nephropathies. Part 2. Commonly used drugs. In: The Compendium Collection. Renal Disease. U.S.A.: Veterinary Learning Systems, 1994. p.94- 101.
Chen, Y.M.M.; Lee, C.S.; Wright, P.J. The roles of progestagen and uterine irritant in the maintenance of cystic endometrial hyperplasia in the canine uterus. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1537–1544, 2006.
Corrada, Y.; Arias, D.; Rodríguez, R.; Tortora, M.; Gobello, C. Combination dopamine agonist and prostaglandin agonist treatment of cystic endometrial hyperplasia–pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1557–1559, 2006.
Davidson, P. Tratamiento médico de la piómetra con PGF2 en la perra y la gata. In: Kirk, P.; Bonagura, J. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales XII. 12.ed. España: Interamericana McGraw-Hill, 1995. p.1081-1083.
Dhaliwal, G.; Wray, C.; Noakes, D. Uterine bacterial flora and uterine lesions in bitches with cystic endometrial hyperplasia (pyometra). The Vet. rec. v.143, n.24, p.659-661, 1998.
De Bosschere, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Vermeirsch, H.; et al. Cystic endometrial hyperplasia – pyometra complex in the bitch: should the two entities be disconnected Theriogenology. v.55, n.7, p.1509-1519, 2001.
De Bosschere, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Vermeirsch, H.; Simoens, P.; Coryn, M. Estrogen-α and progesterone receptor expression in cystic endometrial hyperplasia and pyometra in the bitch. Animal Reproduction Science. v.70, p.251-259, 2002.
De Cock, H.; Ducatelle, R.; Tilmant, K.; De Schepper, J. Possible role for insulin-like growth factor-I in the pathogenesis of cystic endometrial hyperplasia pyometra complex in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.57, p.2271-2287, 2002.
Faldyna, M.; Laznicka, A.; Toman, M. Immunosuppression in bitches with pyometra. Journal of animal practice. v.42, p.5-10, 2001.
Felmand, E. The Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia / Pyometra Complex and Infertility in Female Dogs. In: Ettinger, S.; Feldman, E. Textbook of Veterinary Internal Medicine disease of the dog and cat. 5.ed. Philadelphia USA: W.B. Saunders, 2000. p.1549-1555.
Feldman, E.; Nelson, R. Endocrinología y reproducción en perros y gatos. México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 2000. p.657-671, 826-829.
Fieni F. Clinical evaluation of the use of aglepristone, with or without cloprostenol, to treat cystic endometrial hyperplasia-pyometra complex in bitches. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1550–1556, 2006.
Fransson, B. Systemic Inflammatory Response in Canine Pyometra, The Response to Bacterial Uterine Infection. Uppsala, Suecia: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences 2003. 48p. Doctoral thesis.
Gilbert, R. Diagnosis and treatment of pyometra in bitches and queens. Compendium on Continuing Education for the Practicing Veterinarian. v.14, n.6, p.777-784, 1992.
Gobello, C.; Caxtex, G.; Klima, L.; et al. A study of two protocols combining aglepristone and cloprostenol to treat open cervix pyometra in the bitch. Theriogenology. v.60, n.5, p.901-908, 2003.
Gobello, C. Interrupción de la gestación. In: Primer Seminario Latinoamericano de Medicina, Endocrinología y Biotecnología Reproductiva en Pequeños Animales, 2003, Temuco, Chile. Memorias…; 2003. p.5-11.
Hagman, R. New Aspects of Canine Pyometra, Studies on Epidemiology and Patogénesis. Uppsala, Suecia: Swedish University of Agricultural Sciencies, 2004. 55p. Doctoral thesis.
Hagman, R.; Kühn, I. Escherichia coli strains isolated from the uterus and urinary bladder of bitches suffering from pyometra: comparison by restriction enzyme digestion and pulsed-field gel electrophoresis. Veterinary Microbiology. v.84, p.143-153, 2002.
Hagman, R.; Kindahl, H.; Fransson, B.A.; Bergström, A.; Ström Holst, B.; Lagerstedt, A.S. Differentiation between pyometra and cystic endometrial hyperplasia/mucometra in bitches by prostaglandin F2α metabolite analysis. Theriogenology. v.66, p.198-206, 2006.
Hedlund, C. Piómetra. En: Fossum, T. Cirugía en pequeños animales. Inter-médica, Buenos Aires. República Argentina, 1999. p.588-593.
Heiene, R.; Van Vonderen, I.K.; Moe, L.; Mølmen, G.S.; Larsen, N.H.; Kooistra, N.S. Vasopressin secretion in response to osmotic stimulation and effects of desmopressin on urinary concentrating capacity in dogs with pyometra. American Journal Veterinary Research. v.65, n.4, p.404- 408, 2004.
Jayaprakash, R.; Sathiamoorthy, T.; Sureshkumar, R. Incidence of pyometra in bitches: a retrospective study of 249 cases. Tamilnadu Journal Veterinary & Animal Sciences. v.3, n.3, p.164- 165, 2007.
Johnson, C. Tratamiento médico de la piómetra felina. En: Kirk, R.; Bonagura, J. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales XI. España: Interamericana McGraw-Hill, 1994. p.1073- 1076.
Jubb, K. Degenerative lesions of the islets of Langerhans: diabetes mellitus. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.421.
Kennedy, P.; Miller, R. Pyometra in the bitch and queen. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992, p.382.
Kida, K.; Baba, E.; Torii, R.; Kawate, N.; Hatoya, S.; Wijewardana, V.; et al. Lactoferrin expression in the canine uterus during the estrous cycle and with pyometra. Theriogenology. v.66, p.1325- 1333, 2006.
Laing, E. Pyometra. En: Harari, J. Small Animal Surgery. USA: Williams & Wilkins, 1996. p.172- 173.
Maxie, G. Pathogenesis of generalized glomerulonephritis. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego. USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.480.
Musal, B.; Tuna, B. Surgical therapy of complicated uterine stump pyometra in five bitches: a case report. Veterinary Medicine – Czech. v.50, n.12, p.558-562, 2005.
Nelson, R.; Couto, G. Hiperplasia Quística Endometrial (HQE) / Piómetra. En: Nelson, R., Couto G. Medicina interna de animales pequeños. 2.ed. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter- medica, 2000. p.525-526.
Niskanen, M.; Thrusfield, M. Associations between age, parity, hormonal therapy and breed, and pyometra in finnish dogs. Veterinary Record. v.143, n.18, p.493-498, 1998.
Oluoch, A.O.; Kim, C.H.; Weisiger, R.M.; Koo, H.Y.; Siegel, A.M.; Campbell, K.L. et al. Nonenteric Escherichia coli isolates from dogs: 674 cases (1990-1998). American Journal Veterinary Research. v.218, n.3, p.381-384, 2001.
Palmer, N. Nonerosive arthritis. En: Jubb, K.; Kennedy, P.; Palmer, N. Patology of domestic animals. Fourth edition. San Diego, USA: Academic Press, 1992. p.180.
Purswell, B. Pyometra and Cystic Endometrial Hyperplasia. En: Leib, M.S.; Monroe, W.E. Practical Small Animal Internal Medicine. Philadelphia, USA: W.B. Saunders, 1997. p.422- 426.
Romagnoli, S. Canine Pyometra: Pathogenesis, Therapy and Clinical Cases. Memories 27 WSVA Congress; 2002.
Root, M. Piómetra e Hiperplasia Endometrial Quística. En: Tilley, L.; Smith, F. La consulta veterinaria en cinco minutos. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter-medica, 1998. p.984- 985.
Rootwelt-Andersen, V.; Farstad, W. Treatment of pyometra in the bitch: A survey among Norwegian small animal practitioners. The European Journal of Companion Animal Practice. v.16, n.2, p.195-198, 2006.
Smith, F.O. Canine Pyometra. Theriogenology. v.66, p.610-612, 2006.
Stone, E. Piómetra. En: Slatter, D. Texto de cirugía de los pequeños animales. Barcelona, España: Masson, 1998. p.1733-1736.
Ström Holst, B.; Bergström, A.; Lagerstedt, A.S.; Karlstam, E.; Englund, L.; Båverud, V. Characterization of the bacterial population of the genital tract of adult cats. American Journal Veterinary Research. v.64, n.8, p.963-968, 2003.
Trasch, K.; Wehrend, A.; Bostedt, H. Follow-up examinations of bitches after conservative treatment of pyometra with the antigestagen aglepristone. Journal of Veterinary Medical Association Physiology Pathology Clinical Medicine. v.50, n.7, p.375-379, 2003.
Ververidis, H.N.; Boscos, C.M.; Stefanakis, A.; Saratsis, P.; Stamou, A.I.; Krambovitis, E. Serum estradiol-17β, progesterone and respective uterine cytosol receptor concentrations in bitches with spontaneous pyometra. Theriogenology. v.62, p.614-623, 2004.
Wykes, P.; Olson, P. Metropatías. En: Bojrab, J. Fisiopatología y clínica quirúrgica en animales pequeños. 2.ed. Buenos Aires, República Argentina: Inter-medica, 1996. p.587-590.
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