PDF
FLIP
Fecha Publicación: 2010-06-18
Cómo citar
Osorio, J. H., Uribe Velásquez, . L. F., & Suárez, Y. J. . (2010). Metabolismo de los lípidos en caninos en el contexto de salud-enfermedad. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 4(1), 83–97. Recuperado a partir de https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/5617
Más formatos de cita
Autores/as
Resumen
RESUMEN: El objetivo del presente artículo es actualizar conceptos sobre el metabolismo de los lípidos, así como su comportamiento normal y alterado en caninos. Se analizó la literatura disponible de los últimos 50 años en las bases de datos BBCS-LILACS, Fuente Académica, IB-PsycINFO, IB-SSCI, IBSciELO, Scopus y Scirus, al igual que artículos históricos, textos y referencias citadas en trabajos públicos. Se obtuvo información pertinente relacionada con los objetivos propuestos en la presente revisión, por lo que pueden clasificarse en tres secciones a saber: digestión y absorción de lípidos, lipoproteínas (lp), y patologías asociadas con el metabolismo de los lípidos. El sobrepeso y la obesidad en caninos se relacionan con una serie de patologías que ponen en riegos la calidad de vida del animal como son la diabetes mellitus, el hipotiroidismo, la pancreatitis y la obesidad, entre otras, sin dejar a un lado la relación que tienen estas con la genética, la raza, el sexo, la edad y el medio ambiente
Palabras clave:
Citas
Albala, C.B.; Jiménez, B.R.; Pérez, F.B.; Liberman,C.G. Polimorfismo de la proteína ligante deácidos grasos intestinal (FABP2), obesidad einsulina resistencia. Revista Médica de Chile,v.134, p.372-379, 2006.
Attie, A.D. Lipoprotein/Cholesterol Metabolism.Encyclopedia of Physical Science andTechnology (Third Edition). Madison,Wisconsin, USA. 2004: 643-660.
Bailhache, E; Briand, F; Nguyen, P. et al. Metabolismof cholesterol ester of apolipoprotein B10-containing lipoproteins in dog: evidence fordisregarding colesterol ester transfer. EuropeanJournal of Clinical Investigation, v.34, p.527-534, 2004.
Ballut, J.C. ; Mieres, M.L. Hipotiroidismo canino,presentación de un caso atípico. Revista MVZCórdoba, v.9, n.2, p.451-453, 2004.
Bauer, J.E.; Nagaoka, D.; Porterpan B. et al.Postprandial Lipolytic Activities, Lipids, andCarbohydrate Metabolism Are Altered in DogsFed Diacylglycerol Meals Containing High- andLow-Glycemic-Index Starches. The Journal ofNutrition, v.136, n.7, p.1955-1958, 2006.
Bergman, E.N.; Havel, R.J.; Wolfe, B.M.; Bohmer,T. Quantitative Studies of the Metabolism ofChylomicron Triglycerides and Cholesterol byLiver and Extrahepatic Tissues of Sheep andDogs. The Journal of Clinical Investigation,v.50, n.9, p.1831-1839, 1971.
Breininger, E. ; Pintos, L. Transporte de Lípidos yPatologías Asociadas Al Metabolismo Lipídico.Laboratorio de Lípidos y Proteínas del ÁreaQuímica Biológica de la Faculta de CienciasVeterinarias de la Universidad de BuenosAires (UBA), 2007. Disponible en: http://www.portaldog.com.ar/textos/Metabolismo_de_lipidos_en_caninos.htm Accesado en:25/09/2008.
Briand, F.; Bailhache, E.; andre, A. et al. Thehyperenergetic-fed obese dog, a model ofdisturbance of apolipoprotein B-100 metabolismassociated with insulin resistance: kinetic studyusing stable isotopes. Metabolism, v.57, n.7,p.966-972, 2008.
Case, L.P.; Carey, D.P.; Daristotle, L.; Hirakawa,D.A. Nutrición Canina y Felina. 2. ed. Madrid,España: Harcourt, 2001. 592p.
Catchpole, B.; Ristic, J.M.; Fleeman, L.M.; Davison,L.J. Canine diabetes mellitus: can old dogs teachus new tricks? The Journal of Diabetologia,v.48, p.1948-1956, 2005.
Chikamune, T.; Katamoto, H.; Nomura, K.; Ohashi, F.Lipoprotein profile in canine pancreatitis inducedwith oleic acid. The Journal of VeterinaryMedical Science, v.60, n.4, p.413-421, 1998.
Church, D.C.; Pond, W.G.; Pond, K.R. Fundamentosde Nutrición y Alimentación de Animales. 2.ed. México: Limusa Wiley, 2001. 635p.
Coppo, N.B.; Coppo, J.A.; Lazarte, M.A. Intervalosde confianza para colesterol ligado a lipoproteínas de alta y baja densidad en suero debovinos, equinos, porcinos y caninos. RevistaVeterinaria, v.14, n.1, p.1-8, 2003.
Downs, L.G.; Crispin, S.M.; Legrande-Defretin V. etal. The effect of dietary changes on plasma lipidsand lipoproteins of six Labrador Retrievers.Research in Veterinary Science, v.63, n.2,p.175-181, 1997.
Fleeman, L.M.; Rand, J. Diabetes Mellitus Canina:Estrategia Nutricional. In: Pibot, P.; Biourge,V.; Elliott, D. Enciclopedia de la NutriciónClínica Canina. Royal Canin. Ed. Aniwa Pub.Paris, 2008. p.203-233.
Fleeman, L.M. Is hyperlipidemia clinically importantin dogs? The Veterinary Journal, v.138, n.1,p.10, 2010.
Ford, R.B. Idiopathic hyperchylomicronaemia inminiature schnauzers.The Journal Small AnimalPractic, v.34, p.488-492, 1993.
German, A.J.; Ryan, V.H.; German, A.C.; Wood, I.S.et al. Obesity, its associated disorders and therole of inflammatory adipokines in companion animals. The Veterinary Journal, v.185, n.1, p.4-9, 2010.
Graham, P.A.; Refsal, K.R.; Raymond F.N. Aspectos Etiopatológicos del Hipotiroidismo Canino. Vet Clin Small Anim, v.37, p.617- 631, 2007.
Herrera, E. Bioquímica. Aspectos Estructurales y Vías Metabólicas. Biología molecular y Bioquímica fisiológica. Vol. 2. 2. ed. Madrid, España: McGraw-Hill/Interamericana, 1991. 688p.
Hess, R.S.; Kass, P.H.; Winkle, T.V. Association between Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism or Hyperadrnocorticism, and Atherosclerosis in Dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.17, p.489-494, 2003.
Holm, J.L.; Chan, D.L.; Rozanski, E.A. Acute pancreatitis in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, v.13, n.4, p.201- 213, 2003.
Hoskins, J.D. Monitor serum concentrations of triglyceride or cholesterol for hyperlipidemia. DVM Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine, v.32, n.7, p.25-28, 2001.
Jeusette, I.C.; Grauwels, M.; Cuvelier, E. et al. Hypercholesterolaemia in a family of rough collie dogs. Journal Small Animal Practic, v.45, n.6, p.319-343, 2004.
Jeusette, I.C.; Lhoest E.T.; Istasse, L.Pl. Influence of obesity on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in dogs. Am J Vet Res, v.66, n.1, p.81-87, 2005.
Kagawa, Y.; Hirayama, K.; Uchida, E. et al. Systemic aterosclerosis in dogs: histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions. Journal of Comparative Pathology, v.118, n.3, p.195-206, 1998.
King, M.W. Introduction to Cholesterol Metabolism. The Medical Biochemistry Page Org, 2011a. Disponible en: http:// themedicalbiochemistrypage.org_ /cholesterol. html Accesado en: 19/07/2011.
King, M.W. Lipoproteins. The Medical Biochemistry Page Org, 2011b. Disponible en: http:// themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins. html Accesado en: 20/07/2011.
Kirk, R.W.; Bonagura, J.D. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales. 13. ed. Madrid, España: McGraw-Hill, 2001. 756p.
Lumiñana, C.M. Diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo canino e hipertiroidismo felino. Revista Vector Plus, v.13, p.4-18, 1999.
Lyman, R. Hypertriglyceridemia in epileptic dogs, its causes and its relationships to common drug treatments. DVM Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine, 2009. Disponible en: http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com/dvm/article/ articleDetail.jsp?id=591638 Accesado en: 22/02/2010.
MacGregor, J.M.; Rozanski, E.A.; McCarthy, R.J. et al. Cholesterol- Based pericardial effusion and aortic thromboembolism in a 9 – year – old mixed – breed dog with Hypothyroidism. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.18, p.354-358, 2004.
Maggs, D.J.; Miller, P.E.; Ofri, R. Fundamentos de Oftalmología Veterinaria. 4. ed. España: Elsevier, 2009. 488p.
Maldonado�, E.N.; Romero, J.R.; Ochoa, B.; Aveldaño M.I. Lipid And Fatty Acid Composition of Canine Lipoproteins. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, v.128, n.4, p.719-729, 2001.
Maldonado, E.N.; Casanave, E.B.; Aveldaño, M.I. Major plasma lipids and fatty acids in four HDL mammals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v.132, n.2, p.297-303, 2002.
Manrique, C.; Silva, D.G. Apoptosis de las células beta del páncreas durante la diabetes de tipo 1. Revista Facultad de Medicina de La Universidad Nacional de Colombia, v.54, n.3, p.181-190, 2006.
Martin, L.J.; Siliart, B.; Dumon, H.J.; Nguyen, P.G. Hormonal disturbances associated with obesity in dog. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, v.90, p.355-360, 2006.
Matamoros, R.; Gómez, C.; Andaur, M. Hormonas de utilidad diagnóstica en Medicina Veterinaria. Arch. Med. Vet., v.34, n.2, 2002. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0301- 732X2002000200003&script= sci_arttext Accesado en: 18/11/2010.
Mazaki-Tovi, M.; Feuermann, Y.; Segev, G. et al. Increased serum leptin and insulin concentrations in canine hypothyroidism. The Veterinary Journal, v.183, p.109-114, 2010.
Montgomery, R. Bioquímica: Casos y Texto. 6. ed. Madrid, España: Harcourt/Brace,1998. 700p.
Mori, N.; Lee, P.; Muranaka, S.; Sagara, F.; Takemitsu, H.; Nishiyama, Y. et al. Predisposition for primary hyperlipidemia in Miniature Schnauzers and Shetland sheepdogs as compared to other canine breeds. Research in Veterinary Science, v.88, n.3, p.394-399, 2010.
Murray, R.K.; Granner, D.K.; Rodwell, V.W. Bioquímica de Harper. 17.ed. México: El Manual Moderno, 2007. 708p.
Nelson, R.W. Manual de medicina interna de pequeños animales. España: Elsevier, 2000. 894p.
Newsholme, E.A.; Leech, A.R. Bioquímica medica. Madrid. España: Interamericana - McGraw-Hill, 1986. 800p.
Osorio, J.H. Total cholesterol and HDL - cholesterol in aging dogs. Biosalud, v.5, p.19-24, 2006.
Osorio, J.H.; Giraldo, C.E. Perfil lipidico en caninos adultos obesos vs caninos adultos normales. Revista Veterinaria y Zootecnia De Caldas, v.11, n.1, p.7-10, 1999.
Pasquini, A.; Luchetti, E.; Cardini, G. Plasma lipoprotein concentration in the dog: the effects of gender, age, breed and diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, v.2, n.6, p.718-722, 2008.
Puppione, D.L.; Bassilian, S.; Souda, P.; MacDonald, M.H.; Hagland, F.; Whitelegge, J.P. Mass spectral analysis of the apolipoproteins on dog (Canis lupus familiaris) high density lipoproteins. Detection of apolipoprotein A-II. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D Genomics proteomics, v.3, n.4, p.290- 296, 2008.
Rand, J.S; Fleeman, L.M; Farrow, H.A. et al. Canine and feline diabetes mellitus: nature or nurture? The Journal Of Nutrition, v.134, p.2072-2080, 2004.
Rigotti, A.; Krieger, M. Getting a handle on “good” cholesterol with the high-density lipoprotein receptor. The New England Journal of Medicine, v.341, n.26, p.2011-2013, 1999.
Sato, K.; Agoh, H.; Kaneshige, T. et al. Hypercholesterolemia in Shetland Sheepdgs. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, v.62, n.12, p.1297-1301, 2000.
Schenck, P.A. Hiperlipidemia Canina y Manejo Nutricional. In: Pibot, P.; Biourge, V.; Elliott, D. Enciclopedia de la Nutrición Clínica Canina. Royal Canin. Ed. Aniwa Pub. Paris, 2008. p.237- 262.
Trápala, P.A. Hipotiroidismo canino. Revista Virbac Al Día: Actualización Científica y Tecnológica, .16, p.1-8, 2010.
Vitale, C.L.; Olby, N.J. Neurologic dysfunction in hypothyroid, hyperlipidemic labrador retrievers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.21, p.1316-1322, 2007.
Watson, P.J.; Roulois, J.A.; Scase, P.E. et al. Prevalence and breed distribution of chronic pancreatitis at post-mortem examination in first – opinion dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice, v.48, p.609- 618, 2007.
Webb, C.B. Troubleshooting the diabetic small animal patient. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice, v.17, n.2, p.79-85, 2002.
Wright-Rodgers, A.S.; Waldron, M.K.; Bigley, K.E. et al. Dietary fatty acids alter Plasma Lipids and Lipoprotein Distributions in Dogs during Gestation. The Journal of Nutrition, v.135, n.9, p.2230-2236, 2005.
Xenouli, P.G.; Steiner, J.M. Lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia in dogs. The Veterinary Journal, v.183, n.1, p.12-20, 2010.
Xenoulis, P.G.; Levinski, M.D.; Suchodolski, J.S.; Steiner, J.M. Serum triglyceride concentrations in Miniature Schnauzer with and without a history of probable pancreattis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.25, p.20-25, 2011.
Xenoulis, P.G.; Suchodolski, J.A.; Levinski, M.D.; Steiner, J.M. Investigation of Hypertriglyceridemia in Healthy Miniature Schnauzers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.21, n.6, p.1224-1230, 2007. s:
Attie, A.D. Lipoprotein/Cholesterol Metabolism.Encyclopedia of Physical Science andTechnology (Third Edition). Madison,Wisconsin, USA. 2004: 643-660.
Bailhache, E; Briand, F; Nguyen, P. et al. Metabolismof cholesterol ester of apolipoprotein B10-containing lipoproteins in dog: evidence fordisregarding colesterol ester transfer. EuropeanJournal of Clinical Investigation, v.34, p.527-534, 2004.
Ballut, J.C. ; Mieres, M.L. Hipotiroidismo canino,presentación de un caso atípico. Revista MVZCórdoba, v.9, n.2, p.451-453, 2004.
Bauer, J.E.; Nagaoka, D.; Porterpan B. et al.Postprandial Lipolytic Activities, Lipids, andCarbohydrate Metabolism Are Altered in DogsFed Diacylglycerol Meals Containing High- andLow-Glycemic-Index Starches. The Journal ofNutrition, v.136, n.7, p.1955-1958, 2006.
Bergman, E.N.; Havel, R.J.; Wolfe, B.M.; Bohmer,T. Quantitative Studies of the Metabolism ofChylomicron Triglycerides and Cholesterol byLiver and Extrahepatic Tissues of Sheep andDogs. The Journal of Clinical Investigation,v.50, n.9, p.1831-1839, 1971.
Breininger, E. ; Pintos, L. Transporte de Lípidos yPatologías Asociadas Al Metabolismo Lipídico.Laboratorio de Lípidos y Proteínas del ÁreaQuímica Biológica de la Faculta de CienciasVeterinarias de la Universidad de BuenosAires (UBA), 2007. Disponible en: http://www.portaldog.com.ar/textos/Metabolismo_de_lipidos_en_caninos.htm Accesado en:25/09/2008.
Briand, F.; Bailhache, E.; andre, A. et al. Thehyperenergetic-fed obese dog, a model ofdisturbance of apolipoprotein B-100 metabolismassociated with insulin resistance: kinetic studyusing stable isotopes. Metabolism, v.57, n.7,p.966-972, 2008.
Case, L.P.; Carey, D.P.; Daristotle, L.; Hirakawa,D.A. Nutrición Canina y Felina. 2. ed. Madrid,España: Harcourt, 2001. 592p.
Catchpole, B.; Ristic, J.M.; Fleeman, L.M.; Davison,L.J. Canine diabetes mellitus: can old dogs teachus new tricks? The Journal of Diabetologia,v.48, p.1948-1956, 2005.
Chikamune, T.; Katamoto, H.; Nomura, K.; Ohashi, F.Lipoprotein profile in canine pancreatitis inducedwith oleic acid. The Journal of VeterinaryMedical Science, v.60, n.4, p.413-421, 1998.
Church, D.C.; Pond, W.G.; Pond, K.R. Fundamentosde Nutrición y Alimentación de Animales. 2.ed. México: Limusa Wiley, 2001. 635p.
Coppo, N.B.; Coppo, J.A.; Lazarte, M.A. Intervalosde confianza para colesterol ligado a lipoproteínas de alta y baja densidad en suero debovinos, equinos, porcinos y caninos. RevistaVeterinaria, v.14, n.1, p.1-8, 2003.
Downs, L.G.; Crispin, S.M.; Legrande-Defretin V. etal. The effect of dietary changes on plasma lipidsand lipoproteins of six Labrador Retrievers.Research in Veterinary Science, v.63, n.2,p.175-181, 1997.
Fleeman, L.M.; Rand, J. Diabetes Mellitus Canina:Estrategia Nutricional. In: Pibot, P.; Biourge,V.; Elliott, D. Enciclopedia de la NutriciónClínica Canina. Royal Canin. Ed. Aniwa Pub.Paris, 2008. p.203-233.
Fleeman, L.M. Is hyperlipidemia clinically importantin dogs? The Veterinary Journal, v.138, n.1,p.10, 2010.
Ford, R.B. Idiopathic hyperchylomicronaemia inminiature schnauzers.The Journal Small AnimalPractic, v.34, p.488-492, 1993.
German, A.J.; Ryan, V.H.; German, A.C.; Wood, I.S.et al. Obesity, its associated disorders and therole of inflammatory adipokines in companion animals. The Veterinary Journal, v.185, n.1, p.4-9, 2010.
Graham, P.A.; Refsal, K.R.; Raymond F.N. Aspectos Etiopatológicos del Hipotiroidismo Canino. Vet Clin Small Anim, v.37, p.617- 631, 2007.
Herrera, E. Bioquímica. Aspectos Estructurales y Vías Metabólicas. Biología molecular y Bioquímica fisiológica. Vol. 2. 2. ed. Madrid, España: McGraw-Hill/Interamericana, 1991. 688p.
Hess, R.S.; Kass, P.H.; Winkle, T.V. Association between Diabetes Mellitus, Hypothyroidism or Hyperadrnocorticism, and Atherosclerosis in Dogs. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.17, p.489-494, 2003.
Holm, J.L.; Chan, D.L.; Rozanski, E.A. Acute pancreatitis in dogs. Journal of Veterinary Emergency and Critical Care, v.13, n.4, p.201- 213, 2003.
Hoskins, J.D. Monitor serum concentrations of triglyceride or cholesterol for hyperlipidemia. DVM Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine, v.32, n.7, p.25-28, 2001.
Jeusette, I.C.; Grauwels, M.; Cuvelier, E. et al. Hypercholesterolaemia in a family of rough collie dogs. Journal Small Animal Practic, v.45, n.6, p.319-343, 2004.
Jeusette, I.C.; Lhoest E.T.; Istasse, L.Pl. Influence of obesity on plasma lipid and lipoprotein concentrations in dogs. Am J Vet Res, v.66, n.1, p.81-87, 2005.
Kagawa, Y.; Hirayama, K.; Uchida, E. et al. Systemic aterosclerosis in dogs: histopathological and immunohistochemical studies of atherosclerotic lesions. Journal of Comparative Pathology, v.118, n.3, p.195-206, 1998.
King, M.W. Introduction to Cholesterol Metabolism. The Medical Biochemistry Page Org, 2011a. Disponible en: http:// themedicalbiochemistrypage.org_ /cholesterol. html Accesado en: 19/07/2011.
King, M.W. Lipoproteins. The Medical Biochemistry Page Org, 2011b. Disponible en: http:// themedicalbiochemistrypage.org/lipoproteins. html Accesado en: 20/07/2011.
Kirk, R.W.; Bonagura, J.D. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales. 13. ed. Madrid, España: McGraw-Hill, 2001. 756p.
Lumiñana, C.M. Diagnóstico de hipotiroidismo canino e hipertiroidismo felino. Revista Vector Plus, v.13, p.4-18, 1999.
Lyman, R. Hypertriglyceridemia in epileptic dogs, its causes and its relationships to common drug treatments. DVM Newsmagazine of Veterinary Medicine, 2009. Disponible en: http://veterinarynews.dvm360.com/dvm/article/ articleDetail.jsp?id=591638 Accesado en: 22/02/2010.
MacGregor, J.M.; Rozanski, E.A.; McCarthy, R.J. et al. Cholesterol- Based pericardial effusion and aortic thromboembolism in a 9 – year – old mixed – breed dog with Hypothyroidism. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.18, p.354-358, 2004.
Maggs, D.J.; Miller, P.E.; Ofri, R. Fundamentos de Oftalmología Veterinaria. 4. ed. España: Elsevier, 2009. 488p.
Maldonado�, E.N.; Romero, J.R.; Ochoa, B.; Aveldaño M.I. Lipid And Fatty Acid Composition of Canine Lipoproteins. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part B: Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, v.128, n.4, p.719-729, 2001.
Maldonado, E.N.; Casanave, E.B.; Aveldaño, M.I. Major plasma lipids and fatty acids in four HDL mammals. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology Part A: Molecular & Integrative Physiology, v.132, n.2, p.297-303, 2002.
Manrique, C.; Silva, D.G. Apoptosis de las células beta del páncreas durante la diabetes de tipo 1. Revista Facultad de Medicina de La Universidad Nacional de Colombia, v.54, n.3, p.181-190, 2006.
Martin, L.J.; Siliart, B.; Dumon, H.J.; Nguyen, P.G. Hormonal disturbances associated with obesity in dog. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, v.90, p.355-360, 2006.
Matamoros, R.; Gómez, C.; Andaur, M. Hormonas de utilidad diagnóstica en Medicina Veterinaria. Arch. Med. Vet., v.34, n.2, 2002. Disponible en: http://www.scielo.cl/scielo.php?pid=S0301- 732X2002000200003&script= sci_arttext Accesado en: 18/11/2010.
Mazaki-Tovi, M.; Feuermann, Y.; Segev, G. et al. Increased serum leptin and insulin concentrations in canine hypothyroidism. The Veterinary Journal, v.183, p.109-114, 2010.
Montgomery, R. Bioquímica: Casos y Texto. 6. ed. Madrid, España: Harcourt/Brace,1998. 700p.
Mori, N.; Lee, P.; Muranaka, S.; Sagara, F.; Takemitsu, H.; Nishiyama, Y. et al. Predisposition for primary hyperlipidemia in Miniature Schnauzers and Shetland sheepdogs as compared to other canine breeds. Research in Veterinary Science, v.88, n.3, p.394-399, 2010.
Murray, R.K.; Granner, D.K.; Rodwell, V.W. Bioquímica de Harper. 17.ed. México: El Manual Moderno, 2007. 708p.
Nelson, R.W. Manual de medicina interna de pequeños animales. España: Elsevier, 2000. 894p.
Newsholme, E.A.; Leech, A.R. Bioquímica medica. Madrid. España: Interamericana - McGraw-Hill, 1986. 800p.
Osorio, J.H. Total cholesterol and HDL - cholesterol in aging dogs. Biosalud, v.5, p.19-24, 2006.
Osorio, J.H.; Giraldo, C.E. Perfil lipidico en caninos adultos obesos vs caninos adultos normales. Revista Veterinaria y Zootecnia De Caldas, v.11, n.1, p.7-10, 1999.
Pasquini, A.; Luchetti, E.; Cardini, G. Plasma lipoprotein concentration in the dog: the effects of gender, age, breed and diet. Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition, v.2, n.6, p.718-722, 2008.
Puppione, D.L.; Bassilian, S.; Souda, P.; MacDonald, M.H.; Hagland, F.; Whitelegge, J.P. Mass spectral analysis of the apolipoproteins on dog (Canis lupus familiaris) high density lipoproteins. Detection of apolipoprotein A-II. Comparative Biochemistry and Physiology, Part D Genomics proteomics, v.3, n.4, p.290- 296, 2008.
Rand, J.S; Fleeman, L.M; Farrow, H.A. et al. Canine and feline diabetes mellitus: nature or nurture? The Journal Of Nutrition, v.134, p.2072-2080, 2004.
Rigotti, A.; Krieger, M. Getting a handle on “good” cholesterol with the high-density lipoprotein receptor. The New England Journal of Medicine, v.341, n.26, p.2011-2013, 1999.
Sato, K.; Agoh, H.; Kaneshige, T. et al. Hypercholesterolemia in Shetland Sheepdgs. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Science, v.62, n.12, p.1297-1301, 2000.
Schenck, P.A. Hiperlipidemia Canina y Manejo Nutricional. In: Pibot, P.; Biourge, V.; Elliott, D. Enciclopedia de la Nutrición Clínica Canina. Royal Canin. Ed. Aniwa Pub. Paris, 2008. p.237- 262.
Trápala, P.A. Hipotiroidismo canino. Revista Virbac Al Día: Actualización Científica y Tecnológica, .16, p.1-8, 2010.
Vitale, C.L.; Olby, N.J. Neurologic dysfunction in hypothyroid, hyperlipidemic labrador retrievers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.21, p.1316-1322, 2007.
Watson, P.J.; Roulois, J.A.; Scase, P.E. et al. Prevalence and breed distribution of chronic pancreatitis at post-mortem examination in first – opinion dogs. Journal of Small Animal Practice, v.48, p.609- 618, 2007.
Webb, C.B. Troubleshooting the diabetic small animal patient. Clinical Techniques in Small Animal Practice, v.17, n.2, p.79-85, 2002.
Wright-Rodgers, A.S.; Waldron, M.K.; Bigley, K.E. et al. Dietary fatty acids alter Plasma Lipids and Lipoprotein Distributions in Dogs during Gestation. The Journal of Nutrition, v.135, n.9, p.2230-2236, 2005.
Xenouli, P.G.; Steiner, J.M. Lipid metabolism and hyperlipidemia in dogs. The Veterinary Journal, v.183, n.1, p.12-20, 2010.
Xenoulis, P.G.; Levinski, M.D.; Suchodolski, J.S.; Steiner, J.M. Serum triglyceride concentrations in Miniature Schnauzer with and without a history of probable pancreattis. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.25, p.20-25, 2011.
Xenoulis, P.G.; Suchodolski, J.A.; Levinski, M.D.; Steiner, J.M. Investigation of Hypertriglyceridemia in Healthy Miniature Schnauzers. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.21, n.6, p.1224-1230, 2007. s:
Descargas
Los datos de descargas todavía no están disponibles.
