Parásitos en aves domésticas (Gallus domesticus) en el Noroccidente de Colombia

Abstract

ABSTRACT: This study determined the main parasites that affect the domestic hen Gallus gallus domesticus in Villamaría Caldas (Colombia). The study was developed in eighty-six properties from twelve municipal rural settlements assessing a total of 2,046 poultry, 28% of which corresponded to the indigenous poultry Gallus gallus domesticus. Through a coprological flotation examination with ZnSo4 and indirect modified Sloss technique, the identification of endoparasites was carried out, as well as a post-mortem examination by a strict random method to 11% of the animals. The hemoparasites diagnosis was done through the microscopic examination of Giemsa-stained blood smears. For the exterior parasites diagnosis, skin scraping with glycerin and the recollection of poultry’s feathers in 44% of the cases was employed, determining the sanitary conditions and practices employed by the producers. Different Eimeria ssp species were identified at a high frequency (67,4%), at the same time, nematodes such as Heterakis gallinarum (34,9%), followed by Ascaridia galli (30,2%), Capillaria spp (25.6%). Among cestodes, Hymenolepis spp was presented in 18.6% of the cases. The most common mites include Ornithonyssus sylvarium (24%), Cnemidocoptes mutans (21%), Epidermoptes bilobatus (8%) and louse such as Menopon gallinae (89%), Goniocotes gallinae (58%), Lipeurus caponis (45%), Menacanthus stramineus (34%) and Goniodes dissimilis (21%). The post-mortem examination findings include adult forms of Heterakis gallinarum (50%), Ascaris galli (40%), Capillaria spp (30%), Choanotaenia infundibulum (20%), Hymenolepis spp (20%) and Railletina spp (10%). Finally, compatible structures with hemoparasites were not found. Therefore, it can be concluded that there is a direct relation between the presence of parasitic agents and deficient sanitary conditions and nourishment practices, as well as the absence of antiparasitic strategies.

Keywords:

enfermedad parasitaria

infecciones oportunistas

gallinas

traspatio

parasitic disease

opportunist infections

hens

small-scale poultry production

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