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Publication Date: 2008-12-19
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Baquero-Parrado, J. R. . (2008). Undifferentiated neonatal diarrhea in calves: considerations on prevention on fi eld. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 2(2), 59–68. Retrieved from https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/5741
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: The diarrhea is a major health problem associated with dehydration and weight loss on the neonatal calves. The severity of the diarrhea may depend on the causative agents, which include a number of enteropathogens (bacteria, viruses, protozoa). Its treatment basically consists of fluid-therapy administration, antibiotic therapy, gut protector and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs. The implementation of better management practices such as maintenance of clean, dry bedding, strategic vaccination protocols, permanent monitoring of maternity pens, prompt access of colostrum to newborn calves, identification of susceptible calves and separation of sick from healthy animals, may be useful in the prevention of infectious diseases since the most of enteropathogens survive for long periods of time in the environment. Diagnostic tests can be used to identify disease risk factors, evidence of disease or infection to an individual or a group of individuals. Recently, progress in the development and use of vaccines has improved the possibility of fetal protection against a lot of pathogens, greatly reducing the risk of disease. When disease is diagnosed in farm animals, with a possibility of potential zoonotic pathogens, herd managers must be alerted so that preventive measures can be taken. This responsibility includes minimizing the risk of exposing calves to infectious agents.
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References
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Geurden, T.; Claerebout, E.; Vercruysse, J. Protozoan infection causes diarrhea in calves. Tijdschrift Voor Diergeneeskunde, v.130, n.123, p.734-737, 2005.
Godden, S. Colostrum management for dairy calves. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, v.24, n.1, 19-39, 2008.
Goff, J.P. Major Advances in Our Understanding of Nutritional Influences on Bovine Health. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, n.4, p.1292–1301, 2006.
Gómez-Moncayo, F. Disciplinas Pecuarias: Especie Bovina. ICA, Informe de Gerencia, p.70, 1984. Hammit, M.C.; Bueschel, D.M.; Keel, M.K. et al. A possible rol for Clostridium difficile in the etiology of calf enteritis. Veteterinary Microbiology, v.127, n.3-4, 343-352, 2008.
Holloway, N.M.; Tyler, J.W.; Lakritz, J. et al. Serum immunoglobulin G concentrations in calves fed fresh and frozen colostrum. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association, v.219, n.3, p.357-359, 2001.
Huetink, R.E.; Van Der Giessen, J.W.; Noordhuizen, J.P. et al. Epidemiology of Cryptosporidium spp. and Giardia duodenalis on a dairy farm. Veterinary Parasitology, v.102, n.1-2, p.53-67, 2001.
Javappa, H.; Davis, R.; Dierks, L. et al. Demonstration of passive protection in neonatal calves against colibacillosis following immunization of pregnant heifers at 3 months of gestation. Veterinary Therapeutics: Research in Applied Veterinary Medicine, v.9, n.4, p.283-289, 2008.
Jones, P.W.; Collins, P.; Aitkin, M.M. Passive protection of calves against experimental infection with Salmonella typhimurium. Veterinary Record, v.123, n.21, p.536-541, 1988.
Khachatryan, A.R.; Hancock, D.D.; Besser, T.E. et al. Role of calf-adapted Escherichia coli in maintenance of antimicrobial drug resistance in dairy calves. Applied and Environmental Microbiology, v.70, n.2, p.752-757, 2004.
Kohara, J.; Hirai, T.; Mori, K. et al. Enhancement of passive immunity with maternal vaccine against newborn calf diarrhea. The Journal of Veterinary Medical Sciences, v.59, n.11, p.1023- 1025, 1997.
Lacetera, N.; Bernabucci, U,; Ronchi, B. et al. Effects of selenium and vitamin E administration during a late stage of pregnancy on colostrum and milk production in dairy cows, and on passive immunity and growth of their offspring. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.57, n.12, 1776-1780, 1996.
Lallemand, M. ; Villenueve, A.; Belda, J. et al. Field study of the efficacy of halofuginone and decoquinate in the treatment of cryptosporidiosis in veal calves. Veterinary Record, v.159, n.20, p.672-676, 2006.
Lee, S.H.; Jaekal, J.; Bae, C.S. et al. Enzyme- Linked Immunosorbent Assay, Single Radial Immunodiffusion, and Indirect Methods for the Detection of Failure of Transfer of Passive Immunity in Dairy Calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.22, n.1, p.212–218, 2008.
Lofstedt, J.; Dohoo, I.R.; Duizer, G. Model to predict septicemia in diarrheic calves. Journal of Veterinary Internal Medicine, v.13, n.2, p.81- 88, 1999.
McMartin, S.; Godden, S.; Metzger, L. et al. Heat Treatment of Bovine Colostrum I: Effects of Temperature on Viscosity and Immunoglobulin G Level. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, n.6, p.2110-2118, 2006.
McGuieck, S.M.; Collins, M. Managing the production, storage, and delivery of colostrums. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, v.20, n.3, p.593-603, 2004.
Mee, J.F. New born Dairy Calf Management. Veterinary Clinics of North America Food Animal Practice, v.24, n.3, p.1-17, 2008.
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