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Publication Date: 2013-12-20
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Romero Peñuela, M. H., Uribe Velásquez, L. F. ., & Sánchez Valencia, J. A. (2013). Behavior indicators and stunning signs used to assess animal welfare during cattle slaughter. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 7(2), 8–27. Retrieved from https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/4378
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Abstract
ABSTRACT: The behavior and management indicators consist in non-invasive quantitative criteria for cattle, which allow tracking during the inspection, surveillance and control activitiesbythe sanitary authorities inslaughter plants. In turn, they may be part of the programs of quality assurance in the industry during its implementation, improvement and audit, in order to avoid economiclosses, facilitate the management of livestock, ensure the meat safety and prevent occupational hazards. Thevariables measuredare: 1) Percentage of animals effectively stunned in the first attempt; 2) percentage of animals that remain stunned; 3) percentage that vocalizes during conduction; 4) percentage that fall during handling; and 5) percentage moved with an electric goad. The scoring system is a standardized measurement that can be easily implemented in both large and small bovinesslaughter plants. The aim of this review was to present and propose behavior indicators in the stunning box and sensitivity to assess animal welfare during the cattle slaughter in commercial plants.
References
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Bourguet, C.; Deiss, V.; Tannugi, C.C.; Terlow, C. Behavioural and physiological reactions of cattle in a commercial abattoir: Relationship with organizational aspects of the abattoir and animal characteristics. Meat Science, v.88, p.158-168, 2011.
Breuer, K.; Hemsworth, P.; Coleman, G.J. The effect of positive or negative handling on the behavioural and physiological responses of non-lactating heifers. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, v.84, p.3-22, 2003
Broom, DM. Indicators of poor welfare. British Veterinary Journal, v.142, n.6, p.524-526, 1986.
Broom, D.M. Behaviour and welfare in relationship with pathology. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, v.97, p.73-83, 2006.
Broom, D.M.; Molento, C.F.M. Bem-estar animal: conceito e questões relacionadas - Revisão. Archives of Veterinary Science, v.9, n.2, p.1-11, 2004.
Cáraves, M.; Gallo, C. Caracterización y evaluación de la eficacia de los sistemas de insensibilización utilizados en equinos en Chile. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.39, n.2, p.105-113, 2007.
Espejo, L.A.; Endres, M.I.; Salter, J.A. Prevalence of lameness in high-producing Holstein cows housed in freestall barns in Minnesota. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, p.3052-3058, 2006.
Espejo, L.A.; Endres, M.I.; Salter, J.A. Prevalence of lameness in high-producing Holstein cows housed in freestall barns in Minnesota. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, p.3052-3058, 2006.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Sample size calculation tool for monitoring stunning at slaughter. EFSA supporting publication EN-541, 2013a. 18p.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Scientific Opinion on monitoring procedures at slaughterhouses for bovines. EFSA Journal, v.11, n.12, p.1-65, 2013b.
Fike, K.; Spire, M. Transportation of cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, v.22, p.305-320, 2006.
Fike, K.; Spire, M. Transportation of cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, v.22, p.305-320, 2006.
Gallo, C. Using scientific evidence to inform public policy on the long distance transportation of animals in South America. Veterinaria Italiana, v.44, n.1, p.113- 120, 2008.
Gallo, C. Using scientific evidence to inform public policy on the long distance transportation of animals in South America. Veterinaria Italiana, v.44, n.1, p.113- 120, 2008.
Gallo, C.; Teuver, C.; Cartes, M. et al. Mejoras en la insensibilización de bovinos con pistola neumática de proyectil retenido tras cambios de equipamiento y capacitación del personal. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.35, n.2, p.159-170, 2003b.
Gallo, C.; Tadich, T.A. Long distance transport and welfare of farm animals. In: Appleby, M.C.; Cussen, V.; Garcés, L.; Lambert, L.; Turner J. (Ed). Chapter 10: South America. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2008. p.261- 287.
Grandin, T. Cattle vocalizations are associated with handling and equipment problems at beef slaughter plants. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.71, p.191- 201, 2001.
Grandin, T. Transferring results of behavioral research to industry to improve animal welfare on the farm, ranch and the slaughter plant. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.81, p.215-228, 2003
Grandin, T. Handling and welfare of livestock in slaughter plants. In: Grandin, T. (Ed). Livestock handling and transport. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2006a. p.329-353
Grandin, T. Progress and challenges in animal handling and slaughter in the U.S. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.100, p.129-139, 2006b.
Grandin, T. Auditing animal welfare at slaughter plants. Meat Science, v.86, p.56-65, 2010a.
Grandin, T. Recommended Animal Handling Guidelines Audit Guide: A Systematic Approach to Animal Welfare. AMI Foundation: American Meat Institute Animal Welfare Committee, 2010b.
Grandin, T. Slaughter plants: behavior and welfare assessment. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. Colorado: Elsevier, 2010c. p.197-202.
Gregory, N.G. Animal welfare at markets and during transport and slaughter. Meat Science, v.80, p.2-11, 2008.
Gregory, N.G.; Lee, C.J.; Viddicombe, J.P. Depth of concussion in cattle shot by penetrating captive bolt. Meat Science, v.77, p.499-503, 2007.
Gregory, N.G.; Spence, J.Y.; Mason, C.W. et al.Effectiveness of poll stunning water buffalo with captive bolt guns. Meat Science, v.81, p.178-182, 2009.
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 002341. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 46730), 2007.
Knowles, T.; Warriss, P. Stress physiology of animals during transport. In: Grandin, T. (Ed). Livestock handling and transport. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2006. p.312-328.
Manteuffel, G.; Puppe, B.; Schön, P. Vocalization of farm animals as a measure of welfare. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.88, p.163-182, 2004.
Ministerio de la Protección Social (MPS). Decreto 1500. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 46623), 2007.
Ministerio de la Protección Social. Resolución 240. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 48699), 2013.
Miranda-de la Lama, G.C.; Rivero, L.; Chacón, G. et al. Effect of the pre-slaughter logistic on some indicators of welfare in lambs. Journal of Livestock Science, v.128, p.52-59, 2010.
Miranda-de la Lama, G.C; Leyva, I.G; Barreras-Serrano, A. et al. Assessment of cattle welfare at a commercial slaughter plant in the northwest of Mexico. Tropical Animal Health and Production, v.44, n.3, p.497-504, 2012.
Muñoz, D.; Strappini, A.; Gallo, C. Indicadores de bienestar animal para detector problemas en el cajón de insensibilización de bovinos. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.44, n.3, p.297-302, 2012.
Nanni Costa, L.; Lo Fiego, D.P., Tassone, I. et al. The relationship between carcass bruising in bulls and behavior observed during pre-slaughter phases. Veterinary Research Communications, v.30, p.379- 381, 2006.
Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal –OIE–. Código Sanitario para los animales terrestres. Título 7. Bienestar de los animales. Disponible en: http://oie.int/esp/normes/mcode/E_summry.htm Accesado en: 10/03/12.
Paranhos da Costa, M.J.R.; Tarazona, A.M. Practical approach on how to improve the welfare in cattle. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.24, n.3, p.347-359,
Rojas, H.; Stuardo, L.; Benavides, D. Políticas y prácticas de bienestar animal en los países de América: estudio preliminar. Revue Scientifique et Technique de Le Office International Des Epizooties, v.24, n.2, p.49- 565, 2005.
Romero, M.H.; Sánchez, J.A. Implicaciones de la inclusión del bienestar animal en la legislación sanitaria colombiana. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.24, p.93-101, 2011.
Romero, M.H.; Sánchez, J.A.; Gutiérrez, C. Evaluación de contusiones como un indicador de bienestar animal durante el pre-sacrificio de bovinos. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.25, p.267-275, 2012a.
Romero, M.H.; Uribe-Velásquez, L.F.; Sánchez J.A. Evaluación de la conducta y las prácticas de manejo durante el sacrificio bovino, como indicadores de bienestar animal. Revista CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, v.7, n.2, p.22-29, 2012b.
Romero, M.H.; González, L.M.; Cobo, C.G. Evaluación del bienestar animal por medio de indicadores conductuales durante el sacrificio de bovinos. Revista Luna Azul, v.35, p.48-59, 2012c.
Romero, M.H.; Uribe-Velásquez, L.F.; Sánchez JA, Miranda-de la Lama GC. Risk factors influencing bruising and high muscle pH in Colombian cattle carcasses due to transport and pre-slaughter operations. Meat Science, v.95, n.2, p.256-263, 2013.
Schnettler, B.; Vidal, R.; Silva, R. et al. Consumer willingness to pay for beef meat in a developing country: The effect of information regarding country of origin, price and animal handling prior to slaughter. Food Quality and Preference, v.20, p.156-165, 2000.
Sejian, V.; Jeffrey, L.; Thaddeuds, E. et al. Assessment methods and indicators of animal welfare. Asian Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances, v.6, n.4, p.301-315, 2011.
Strappini, A.C.; Metz, J.H.M.; Gallo, C.B. et al. Origin and assessment of bruises in beef cattle at slaughter. Animal, v.3, n.5, p.728-736, 2009.
Strappini, A.C.; Frankena, K.; Metz, J.H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for bruises in Chilean bovine carcasses. Meat Science, v.86, p.859-864, 2010
Strappini, A.C.; Frankena, K.; Metz, J.H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for bruises in Chilean bovine carcasses. Meat Science, v.86, p.859-864, 2010
Velarde, A.; Gispert, M.; Diestre, A. et al. Effect of electrical stunning on meat and carcass quality in lambs. Meat Science, v.63, p.35-38, 2003.
Warner, R.D.; Ferguson, D.M.; Cottrell, J.J. et al. Acute stress induced by the preslaughter use of electric prodders causes tougher beef meat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, v.47, p.782-788, 2007.
Weeks, C.A.; McNally, P.W.; Warris, P.D. Influence of the design of facilities at auction markets and animal handling procedures on bruising in cattle. Veterinary Record, v.150, p.743-748, 2002.
Whay, R.; Main, D.C.J.; Green, L.E. et al. Assessment of welfare of dairy cattle using animal based measurements, direct observations, and investigation of farm records. Veterinary Record, v.153, n.7, p.197- 202, 2003.
Bourguet, C.; Deiss, V.; Tannugi, C.C.; Terlow, C. Behavioural and physiological reactions of cattle in a commercial abattoir: Relationship with organizational aspects of the abattoir and animal characteristics. Meat Science, v.88, p.158-168, 2011.
Breuer, K.; Hemsworth, P.; Coleman, G.J. The effect of positive or negative handling on the behavioural and physiological responses of non-lactating heifers. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, v.84, p.3-22, 2003
Broom, DM. Indicators of poor welfare. British Veterinary Journal, v.142, n.6, p.524-526, 1986.
Broom, D.M. Behaviour and welfare in relationship with pathology. Applied Animal Behaviour Science, v.97, p.73-83, 2006.
Broom, D.M.; Molento, C.F.M. Bem-estar animal: conceito e questões relacionadas - Revisão. Archives of Veterinary Science, v.9, n.2, p.1-11, 2004.
Cáraves, M.; Gallo, C. Caracterización y evaluación de la eficacia de los sistemas de insensibilización utilizados en equinos en Chile. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.39, n.2, p.105-113, 2007.
Espejo, L.A.; Endres, M.I.; Salter, J.A. Prevalence of lameness in high-producing Holstein cows housed in freestall barns in Minnesota. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, p.3052-3058, 2006.
Espejo, L.A.; Endres, M.I.; Salter, J.A. Prevalence of lameness in high-producing Holstein cows housed in freestall barns in Minnesota. Journal of Dairy Science, v.89, p.3052-3058, 2006.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Sample size calculation tool for monitoring stunning at slaughter. EFSA supporting publication EN-541, 2013a. 18p.
European Food Safety Authority (EFSA). Scientific Opinion on monitoring procedures at slaughterhouses for bovines. EFSA Journal, v.11, n.12, p.1-65, 2013b.
Fike, K.; Spire, M. Transportation of cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, v.22, p.305-320, 2006.
Fike, K.; Spire, M. Transportation of cattle. Veterinary Clinics of North America: Food Animal Practice, v.22, p.305-320, 2006.
Gallo, C. Using scientific evidence to inform public policy on the long distance transportation of animals in South America. Veterinaria Italiana, v.44, n.1, p.113- 120, 2008.
Gallo, C. Using scientific evidence to inform public policy on the long distance transportation of animals in South America. Veterinaria Italiana, v.44, n.1, p.113- 120, 2008.
Gallo, C.; Teuver, C.; Cartes, M. et al. Mejoras en la insensibilización de bovinos con pistola neumática de proyectil retenido tras cambios de equipamiento y capacitación del personal. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.35, n.2, p.159-170, 2003b.
Gallo, C.; Tadich, T.A. Long distance transport and welfare of farm animals. In: Appleby, M.C.; Cussen, V.; Garcés, L.; Lambert, L.; Turner J. (Ed). Chapter 10: South America. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2008. p.261- 287.
Grandin, T. Cattle vocalizations are associated with handling and equipment problems at beef slaughter plants. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.71, p.191- 201, 2001.
Grandin, T. Transferring results of behavioral research to industry to improve animal welfare on the farm, ranch and the slaughter plant. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.81, p.215-228, 2003
Grandin, T. Handling and welfare of livestock in slaughter plants. In: Grandin, T. (Ed). Livestock handling and transport. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2006a. p.329-353
Grandin, T. Progress and challenges in animal handling and slaughter in the U.S. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.100, p.129-139, 2006b.
Grandin, T. Auditing animal welfare at slaughter plants. Meat Science, v.86, p.56-65, 2010a.
Grandin, T. Recommended Animal Handling Guidelines Audit Guide: A Systematic Approach to Animal Welfare. AMI Foundation: American Meat Institute Animal Welfare Committee, 2010b.
Grandin, T. Slaughter plants: behavior and welfare assessment. In: Encyclopedia of Animal Behavior. Colorado: Elsevier, 2010c. p.197-202.
Gregory, N.G. Animal welfare at markets and during transport and slaughter. Meat Science, v.80, p.2-11, 2008.
Gregory, N.G.; Lee, C.J.; Viddicombe, J.P. Depth of concussion in cattle shot by penetrating captive bolt. Meat Science, v.77, p.499-503, 2007.
Gregory, N.G.; Spence, J.Y.; Mason, C.W. et al.Effectiveness of poll stunning water buffalo with captive bolt guns. Meat Science, v.81, p.178-182, 2009.
Instituto Colombiano Agropecuario (ICA). Resolución 002341. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 46730), 2007.
Knowles, T.; Warriss, P. Stress physiology of animals during transport. In: Grandin, T. (Ed). Livestock handling and transport. Wallingford, UK: CABI, 2006. p.312-328.
Manteuffel, G.; Puppe, B.; Schön, P. Vocalization of farm animals as a measure of welfare. Applied Animal Behavior Science, v.88, p.163-182, 2004.
Ministerio de la Protección Social (MPS). Decreto 1500. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 46623), 2007.
Ministerio de la Protección Social. Resolución 240. En: Boletín del Estado (No. 48699), 2013.
Miranda-de la Lama, G.C.; Rivero, L.; Chacón, G. et al. Effect of the pre-slaughter logistic on some indicators of welfare in lambs. Journal of Livestock Science, v.128, p.52-59, 2010.
Miranda-de la Lama, G.C; Leyva, I.G; Barreras-Serrano, A. et al. Assessment of cattle welfare at a commercial slaughter plant in the northwest of Mexico. Tropical Animal Health and Production, v.44, n.3, p.497-504, 2012.
Muñoz, D.; Strappini, A.; Gallo, C. Indicadores de bienestar animal para detector problemas en el cajón de insensibilización de bovinos. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.44, n.3, p.297-302, 2012.
Nanni Costa, L.; Lo Fiego, D.P., Tassone, I. et al. The relationship between carcass bruising in bulls and behavior observed during pre-slaughter phases. Veterinary Research Communications, v.30, p.379- 381, 2006.
Organización Mundial de Sanidad Animal –OIE–. Código Sanitario para los animales terrestres. Título 7. Bienestar de los animales. Disponible en: http://oie.int/esp/normes/mcode/E_summry.htm Accesado en: 10/03/12.
Paranhos da Costa, M.J.R.; Tarazona, A.M. Practical approach on how to improve the welfare in cattle. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.24, n.3, p.347-359,
Rojas, H.; Stuardo, L.; Benavides, D. Políticas y prácticas de bienestar animal en los países de América: estudio preliminar. Revue Scientifique et Technique de Le Office International Des Epizooties, v.24, n.2, p.49- 565, 2005.
Romero, M.H.; Sánchez, J.A. Implicaciones de la inclusión del bienestar animal en la legislación sanitaria colombiana. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.24, p.93-101, 2011.
Romero, M.H.; Sánchez, J.A.; Gutiérrez, C. Evaluación de contusiones como un indicador de bienestar animal durante el pre-sacrificio de bovinos. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.25, p.267-275, 2012a.
Romero, M.H.; Uribe-Velásquez, L.F.; Sánchez J.A. Evaluación de la conducta y las prácticas de manejo durante el sacrificio bovino, como indicadores de bienestar animal. Revista CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, v.7, n.2, p.22-29, 2012b.
Romero, M.H.; González, L.M.; Cobo, C.G. Evaluación del bienestar animal por medio de indicadores conductuales durante el sacrificio de bovinos. Revista Luna Azul, v.35, p.48-59, 2012c.
Romero, M.H.; Uribe-Velásquez, L.F.; Sánchez JA, Miranda-de la Lama GC. Risk factors influencing bruising and high muscle pH in Colombian cattle carcasses due to transport and pre-slaughter operations. Meat Science, v.95, n.2, p.256-263, 2013.
Schnettler, B.; Vidal, R.; Silva, R. et al. Consumer willingness to pay for beef meat in a developing country: The effect of information regarding country of origin, price and animal handling prior to slaughter. Food Quality and Preference, v.20, p.156-165, 2000.
Sejian, V.; Jeffrey, L.; Thaddeuds, E. et al. Assessment methods and indicators of animal welfare. Asian Journal of Animal Veterinary Advances, v.6, n.4, p.301-315, 2011.
Strappini, A.C.; Metz, J.H.M.; Gallo, C.B. et al. Origin and assessment of bruises in beef cattle at slaughter. Animal, v.3, n.5, p.728-736, 2009.
Strappini, A.C.; Frankena, K.; Metz, J.H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for bruises in Chilean bovine carcasses. Meat Science, v.86, p.859-864, 2010
Strappini, A.C.; Frankena, K.; Metz, J.H. et al. Prevalence and risk factors for bruises in Chilean bovine carcasses. Meat Science, v.86, p.859-864, 2010
Velarde, A.; Gispert, M.; Diestre, A. et al. Effect of electrical stunning on meat and carcass quality in lambs. Meat Science, v.63, p.35-38, 2003.
Warner, R.D.; Ferguson, D.M.; Cottrell, J.J. et al. Acute stress induced by the preslaughter use of electric prodders causes tougher beef meat. Australian Journal of Experimental Agriculture, v.47, p.782-788, 2007.
Weeks, C.A.; McNally, P.W.; Warris, P.D. Influence of the design of facilities at auction markets and animal handling procedures on bruising in cattle. Veterinary Record, v.150, p.743-748, 2002.
Whay, R.; Main, D.C.J.; Green, L.E. et al. Assessment of welfare of dairy cattle using animal based measurements, direct observations, and investigation of farm records. Veterinary Record, v.153, n.7, p.197- 202, 2003.
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