Efecto in vitro del aceite de girasol (Helianthus annuus L.) sobre ácido transvacénico y patrón de ácidos grasos de cadena larga en la digesta rumina

Abstract

The addition of vegetable oils rich in long chain fatty acids (LCFA) to ruminant diets has been proposed as an alternative to reduce methane (CH4) and increase levels of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) in milk and meat, that is preceded by the production of transvacenic acid (TVA) in the rumen. The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of the supplementation of sunflower oil in proportions of 0%, 1% and 3% (DM bases) to in vitro fermentation substrates (gas production technique):Pennisetum clandestinum or Lolium perenne, on the kinetics and total gas production, CH4 production, concentration of volatile fatty acids (VFA), production of CLA and TVA and the pattern of long chain fatty acids (LCFA). Addition of sunflower oil (1% and 3%) did not decrease gas production (A) or gas production rate (c); however, it increased the time delay to start fermentation (L, 0.042, 0.425 y 0.564 h for control, 1% y 3%, respectively; P<0.001). Oil addition also did not reduce production of CH4. Nevertheless, it slightly increased the percentage of propionic acid (22, 22.5 y 22.6% for control, 1% y 3%, respectively; P<0.05). The proportion of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA) did not change because of the supplementation of oil, but the proportion of transvacenic acid (TVA) increased significantly in response to the addition of oil (13.4, 16% y 21.8% for control, 1% y 3%, respectively; P<0.01). The inclusion of sunflower oil at levels of 1 and 3% of the dry matter increased ruminal production of TVA without affecting negatively the variables that characterize the ruminal fermentation.

Keywords:

ácido linoleico

fermentación ruminal

nutracéuticos

reducción de metano

linoleic acid

ruminal fermentation

nutraceuticals

reduction of methane

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