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Fecha Publicación: 2007-06-15
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Carmona, J. U. ., & Giraldo Murillo, C. E. . (2007). Fisiopatología y tratamiento convencional de la osteoartritis en el caballo. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 1(1), 60–73. Recuperado a partir de https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/5812
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RESUMEN: La osteoartritis equina es una enfermedad crónica caracterizada por sinovitis, cojera e impotencia funcional. No se conoce la causa exacta que incita la osteoartritis. Factores como el traumatismo continuo, inestabilidad articular, sinovitis-capsulitis e hipoxia podrían desencadenar su desarrollo. El tratamiento médico de la osteoartritis en el caballo ha incluido anti-inflamatorios no esteroidales y corticosteroides. Los fármacos modificadores de la osteoartritis, tales como el acido hialurónico, glicosaminglicanos polisulfatados y pentosan polisulfato, mejoran el anabolismo del condrocito y favorecen la síntesis de su matriz extracelular. Otras sustancias menos conocidas como el inhibidor de osteolisis subcondral y el tiludronato parecen prometedoras para esta enfermedad.
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Bertone, A.L.; Palmer, J.L. Synovial fluid cytokines and eicosanoids as markers of joint disease in horses. Veterinary Surgery, v.30, p.528-538, 2001.
Blanco, F.J.; Guitian, R.; Vazques-Martul, E. et al. Osteoarthritis chondrocytes die by apoptosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, v.41, p.284-289, 1998.
Boom, R; Brama, P.A.J.; Kiers, G.H. et al. The influence of repeated arthrocentesis and exercise on matrix metalloproteinase and tumour necrosis factor activities in normal equine joints. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.2, p.155-159, 2004.
Carbone, L.D.; Nevitt, M.C.; Wildy, K. et al. The relationship of antiresorptive drug use to structural findings and symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, v.50, p.3516-3525, 2004.
Carter, J.; Kent, G.; Lane, J. et al. Managing Equine Joint Inflammation. Compendium Equine Edition, v.3A, p.2-15, 2007 (Suppl.2)
Chikanza, I.C.; Kozaki, D.; Chernajovsky, Y. The molecular and cellular basis of corticosteroid resistance. Journal of Endocrinologyn, v.179, p.301-310, 2003.
Davenport-Goodall, C.L.; Boston, R.C.; Richardson, D.W. Effects of insulin-like growth factor-II on the mitogenic and metabolic activities of equine articular cartilage with and without interleukin 1-. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.65, p.238-244, 2004.
Denoix, J.M. Efficacy of tiludronate, a new bisphosphonate, in the treatment of navicular disease and bone spavin. A multicentric European clinical trial. Ippologia, v.13, p.7-9, 2002.
Denoix, J.M.; Thibaud, D.; Riccio, B. Tiludronate as a new therapeutic agent in the treatment of navicular disease: a double-blind placebo-crontrolled clinical trial. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.35, p.407-413, 2003.
Doschak, M.R.; Wohl, G.R.; Hanley, D.A. et al. Antiresorptive therapy conserves some periarticular bone and ligament mechanical properties after anterior cruciate ligament disruption in the rabbit knee. Journal of Orthopedic Research, v.22, p.942-948, 2004.
Fenton, J.I.; Chlebek-Brown, K.A.; Peters, T.L. et al. Glucosamine HCL reduces equine articular cartilage degradation in explant culture. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, v.8, p.258-265, 2000.
Fernandes, J.C.; Martell-Pelletier, J.; Pelletier, J.P. The role of cytokines in osteoarthritis pathophysiology. Biorheology, v.39, n.1-2, p.237-246, 2002.
Fortier, L.A.; Nixon, A.J.; Mohammed, H.O. et al. Altered biological activity of equine chondrocytes cultured in a three-dimensional fibrin matrix and supplemented with transforming growth factor beta-1. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.58, p.66-70, 1997.
Fortier, L.A.; Mohammed, H.O.; Lust, G. et al. Insulin- like growth enhances cell-based repair of articular cartilage. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Br), v.84, n.2, p.276-288, 2004.
Frean, S.P.; Abraham, L.A.; Lees, P. In vitro stimulation of equine articular cartilage proteoglycans synthesis by hyaluronan and carprofen. Research in Veterinary Science, v.67, p.181-188, 1999.
Frisbie, D.D.; Sandler, E.A.; Trotter, G.W. et al. Metabolic and mitogenic activities of insulin-like growth factor- 1 in interleukin-1-conditioned equine cartilage. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.6, p.1436-441, 2000.
Fujita, T.; Fuji, Y.; Okada, S.F. et al. Analgesic effect of etidronate on degenerative joint disease. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, v.19, p.251-256, 2001.
Giatromanolaki, A.; Sivridis, E.; Maltezos, E. et al. Upregulated hypoxia inducible factor-1 and 2a pathway in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Arthritis Research and Therapy, v.5, n.4, p.193-201, 2003.
Hayami T., Pickarski M., Wesolowski G.A. The role of subchondral bone remodeling in osteoarthritis: reduction of cartilage degeneration and prevention of osteophyte formation by alendronate in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model. Arthritis and Rheumatism. v.50, n. 4, p. 1193-1206, 2004.
Howard, R.D.; McIIwraith, C.W. Hyaluronan and its use in the treatment of equine joint disease. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.270-280.
Iqbal, J.; Dudhia, J.; Bird, J.L. et al. Age-related effects of TGF- on proteoglycan synthesis in equine articular cartilage. Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications, v.274, p.467-471, 2000.
Kawckak, C.E.; McIIwraith, C.W.; Norrdin, R.W. et al. The role of subchondral bone in joint disease: a review. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.33, n2, p.120-126, 2001.
Kim, D.Y.; Taylor, H.W.; Moore, R.M. et al. Articular chondrocyte apoptosis in equine osteoarthritis. The Veterinary Journal, v.166, p.52-57, 2003.
Little, C.; Ghosh, P. Potential use of pentosan polysulfate for the treatment of equine joint disease. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.257-269.
Malemud, C.J.; Islam, N.; Haqqi, T.M. Pathophysiological mechanisms in osteoarthritis lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Cells Tissues and Organs, v.174, n.1-2, p.34-48, 2003.
Malone, E.D. Managing chronic arthritis. Veterinary Clinics: Equine, v.18, p.411-437, 2002.
May, S.A. Animal models and other experimental systems in the investigation of equine arthritis. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.421-440.
May, S.A.; Lees, P. Nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.223-237.
Mcllwraith, C.W. General pathobiology of the joint and response to injury. In: McIIwraith C.W, Trotter G.W. (eds): Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.40-70.
Mertens, W.D.; MacLead, J.N.; Fubini, L. et al. Polysulphated glycosaminoglycans modulate transcription of interleukin-1 treated chondrocytes in monolayer culture. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology, v.16, n.2, p.93-98, 2003.
Nixon, A.J.; Brower-Toland, B.D.; Sandel, L.J. Primary nucleotide structure of predominant and alternate splice forms of equine insuline-like growth factor I and their gene expression patterns in tissues. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.60, p.1234-1241, 1999.
Palmer, J.L.; Bertone, A.L. Joint structure, biochemistry and biochemical disequilibrium in synovitis and equine joint disease. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.26, n.4, p.263-277, 1994.
Platt, D. Articular cartilage homeostasis and the role of growth factors and cytokines in regulating matrix composition. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.29-40.
Platt, D.; Bayliss, M.T. Proteoglycan metabolism of equine articular cartilage and its modulation by insulin-like growth factors. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, v.18, n.2, p.141-149, 1995.
Pool, R.R. Pathologic manifestations of joint disease in the athletic horse. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.87-104.
Popot, M.A.; Bonnaire, J.; Guéchot, J. et al. Hyaluronan in horses: physiological production rate, plasma and Synovial fluid concentrations in control conditions and following sodium hyaluronate administration. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.6, p.482-487, 2004.
Punzi, L.; Caló, L.; Plebani, M. Clinical Significance of cytokine determination in synovial fluid. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Science, v.39, n1, p.63-88, 2002.
Schlueter, A.E.; Orth, M.W. Futrther studies on the ability of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate to regulate catabolic mediators in vitro. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.7, p.634-636, 2004.
Simmons, D.L. Variants of cyclooxygenase-1 and their roles in medicine. Thrombosis Research, v.110, n.5- 6, p.265-268, 2003.
Simmons, J.E.; Bertone, A.L.; Hardy, J. et al. Nitric oxide synthase activity in healthy and interleukin 1-exposed equine synovial membrane. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.60, p.714-716, 1998.
Trotter, G.W. Intra-articular corticosteroids. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996a. p.237-256.
Polysulfated glycosaminoglican (Adequan). In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996b. p.270-280.
Tung, J.T.; Arnold, C.E.; Alexander, L.H. et al. Evaluation of the influence of prostaglandin E2 on recombinant equine interleukin-1stimulated matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 13 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression in equine chondrocyte cultures. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.63, n.7, p.987-993, 2002a.
Tung, J.T.; Venta, P.J.; Caron, J.P. Inducible oxide nitric expression in equine articular chondrocytes: effects of antiinflammatory compounds. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, v.10, n.8, p.5-12, 2002b.
Tung, J.T.; Venta, P.J.; Eberhart, S.W. et al. Effects of anti- arthritis preparations on gene expression and enzyme activity of cyclooxygenase-2 in cultured equine chondrocytes. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.63, n.8, p.1134-1139, 2002c.
Van Miert A.S.J. Present concepts on the inflammatory modulators with special reference to cytokines. Veterinary Research Communications, V.26, p.111- 126, 2002.
Vaz, A. Double-blind clinical evaluation of the relative efficacy of ibuprofen and and glucosamine sulphate in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee in out- patients. Current Medical Research Opinion, v.8, p.145-149, 1982.
Warner, T.D.; Giuliano, F.; Vojnovic, I. et al. Nonsteroidal drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, v.96, n.13, p.7563-7568, 1999.
Blanco, F.J.; Guitian, R.; Vazques-Martul, E. et al. Osteoarthritis chondrocytes die by apoptosis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, v.41, p.284-289, 1998.
Boom, R; Brama, P.A.J.; Kiers, G.H. et al. The influence of repeated arthrocentesis and exercise on matrix metalloproteinase and tumour necrosis factor activities in normal equine joints. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.2, p.155-159, 2004.
Carbone, L.D.; Nevitt, M.C.; Wildy, K. et al. The relationship of antiresorptive drug use to structural findings and symptoms of knee osteoarthritis. Arthritis and Rheumatism, v.50, p.3516-3525, 2004.
Carter, J.; Kent, G.; Lane, J. et al. Managing Equine Joint Inflammation. Compendium Equine Edition, v.3A, p.2-15, 2007 (Suppl.2)
Chikanza, I.C.; Kozaki, D.; Chernajovsky, Y. The molecular and cellular basis of corticosteroid resistance. Journal of Endocrinologyn, v.179, p.301-310, 2003.
Davenport-Goodall, C.L.; Boston, R.C.; Richardson, D.W. Effects of insulin-like growth factor-II on the mitogenic and metabolic activities of equine articular cartilage with and without interleukin 1-. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.65, p.238-244, 2004.
Denoix, J.M. Efficacy of tiludronate, a new bisphosphonate, in the treatment of navicular disease and bone spavin. A multicentric European clinical trial. Ippologia, v.13, p.7-9, 2002.
Denoix, J.M.; Thibaud, D.; Riccio, B. Tiludronate as a new therapeutic agent in the treatment of navicular disease: a double-blind placebo-crontrolled clinical trial. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.35, p.407-413, 2003.
Doschak, M.R.; Wohl, G.R.; Hanley, D.A. et al. Antiresorptive therapy conserves some periarticular bone and ligament mechanical properties after anterior cruciate ligament disruption in the rabbit knee. Journal of Orthopedic Research, v.22, p.942-948, 2004.
Fenton, J.I.; Chlebek-Brown, K.A.; Peters, T.L. et al. Glucosamine HCL reduces equine articular cartilage degradation in explant culture. Osteoarthritis and Cartilage, v.8, p.258-265, 2000.
Fernandes, J.C.; Martell-Pelletier, J.; Pelletier, J.P. The role of cytokines in osteoarthritis pathophysiology. Biorheology, v.39, n.1-2, p.237-246, 2002.
Fortier, L.A.; Nixon, A.J.; Mohammed, H.O. et al. Altered biological activity of equine chondrocytes cultured in a three-dimensional fibrin matrix and supplemented with transforming growth factor beta-1. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.58, p.66-70, 1997.
Fortier, L.A.; Mohammed, H.O.; Lust, G. et al. Insulin- like growth enhances cell-based repair of articular cartilage. Journal of Bone and Joint Surgery (Br), v.84, n.2, p.276-288, 2004.
Frean, S.P.; Abraham, L.A.; Lees, P. In vitro stimulation of equine articular cartilage proteoglycans synthesis by hyaluronan and carprofen. Research in Veterinary Science, v.67, p.181-188, 1999.
Frisbie, D.D.; Sandler, E.A.; Trotter, G.W. et al. Metabolic and mitogenic activities of insulin-like growth factor- 1 in interleukin-1-conditioned equine cartilage. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.6, p.1436-441, 2000.
Fujita, T.; Fuji, Y.; Okada, S.F. et al. Analgesic effect of etidronate on degenerative joint disease. Journal of Bone and Mineral Metabolism, v.19, p.251-256, 2001.
Giatromanolaki, A.; Sivridis, E.; Maltezos, E. et al. Upregulated hypoxia inducible factor-1 and 2a pathway in rheumatoid arthritis and osteoarthritis. Arthritis Research and Therapy, v.5, n.4, p.193-201, 2003.
Hayami T., Pickarski M., Wesolowski G.A. The role of subchondral bone remodeling in osteoarthritis: reduction of cartilage degeneration and prevention of osteophyte formation by alendronate in the rat anterior cruciate ligament transection model. Arthritis and Rheumatism. v.50, n. 4, p. 1193-1206, 2004.
Howard, R.D.; McIIwraith, C.W. Hyaluronan and its use in the treatment of equine joint disease. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.270-280.
Iqbal, J.; Dudhia, J.; Bird, J.L. et al. Age-related effects of TGF- on proteoglycan synthesis in equine articular cartilage. Biochemical Biophysical Research Communications, v.274, p.467-471, 2000.
Kawckak, C.E.; McIIwraith, C.W.; Norrdin, R.W. et al. The role of subchondral bone in joint disease: a review. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.33, n2, p.120-126, 2001.
Kim, D.Y.; Taylor, H.W.; Moore, R.M. et al. Articular chondrocyte apoptosis in equine osteoarthritis. The Veterinary Journal, v.166, p.52-57, 2003.
Little, C.; Ghosh, P. Potential use of pentosan polysulfate for the treatment of equine joint disease. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.257-269.
Malemud, C.J.; Islam, N.; Haqqi, T.M. Pathophysiological mechanisms in osteoarthritis lead to novel therapeutic strategies. Cells Tissues and Organs, v.174, n.1-2, p.34-48, 2003.
Malone, E.D. Managing chronic arthritis. Veterinary Clinics: Equine, v.18, p.411-437, 2002.
May, S.A. Animal models and other experimental systems in the investigation of equine arthritis. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.421-440.
May, S.A.; Lees, P. Nonsteroidal anti-inflamatory drugs. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.223-237.
Mcllwraith, C.W. General pathobiology of the joint and response to injury. In: McIIwraith C.W, Trotter G.W. (eds): Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.40-70.
Mertens, W.D.; MacLead, J.N.; Fubini, L. et al. Polysulphated glycosaminoglycans modulate transcription of interleukin-1 treated chondrocytes in monolayer culture. Veterinary and Comparative Orthopedics and Traumatology, v.16, n.2, p.93-98, 2003.
Nixon, A.J.; Brower-Toland, B.D.; Sandel, L.J. Primary nucleotide structure of predominant and alternate splice forms of equine insuline-like growth factor I and their gene expression patterns in tissues. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.60, p.1234-1241, 1999.
Palmer, J.L.; Bertone, A.L. Joint structure, biochemistry and biochemical disequilibrium in synovitis and equine joint disease. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.26, n.4, p.263-277, 1994.
Platt, D. Articular cartilage homeostasis and the role of growth factors and cytokines in regulating matrix composition. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.29-40.
Platt, D.; Bayliss, M.T. Proteoglycan metabolism of equine articular cartilage and its modulation by insulin-like growth factors. Journal of Veterinary Pharmacology and Therapeutics, v.18, n.2, p.141-149, 1995.
Pool, R.R. Pathologic manifestations of joint disease in the athletic horse. In: McIIwraith C.W.; Trotter G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996. p.87-104.
Popot, M.A.; Bonnaire, J.; Guéchot, J. et al. Hyaluronan in horses: physiological production rate, plasma and Synovial fluid concentrations in control conditions and following sodium hyaluronate administration. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.6, p.482-487, 2004.
Punzi, L.; Caló, L.; Plebani, M. Clinical Significance of cytokine determination in synovial fluid. Critical Reviews in Clinical Laboratory Science, v.39, n1, p.63-88, 2002.
Schlueter, A.E.; Orth, M.W. Futrther studies on the ability of glucosamine and chondroitin sulphate to regulate catabolic mediators in vitro. Equine Veterinary Journal, v.36, n.7, p.634-636, 2004.
Simmons, D.L. Variants of cyclooxygenase-1 and their roles in medicine. Thrombosis Research, v.110, n.5- 6, p.265-268, 2003.
Simmons, J.E.; Bertone, A.L.; Hardy, J. et al. Nitric oxide synthase activity in healthy and interleukin 1-exposed equine synovial membrane. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.60, p.714-716, 1998.
Trotter, G.W. Intra-articular corticosteroids. In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996a. p.237-256.
Polysulfated glycosaminoglican (Adequan). In: McIIwraith, C.W.; Trotter, G.W. (eds). Joint disease in the horse. Philadelphia: WB Saunders Company, 1996b. p.270-280.
Tung, J.T.; Arnold, C.E.; Alexander, L.H. et al. Evaluation of the influence of prostaglandin E2 on recombinant equine interleukin-1stimulated matrix metalloproteinases 1, 3, and 13 and tissue inhibitor of matrix metalloproteinase 1 expression in equine chondrocyte cultures. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.63, n.7, p.987-993, 2002a.
Tung, J.T.; Venta, P.J.; Caron, J.P. Inducible oxide nitric expression in equine articular chondrocytes: effects of antiinflammatory compounds. Osteoarthritis Cartilage, v.10, n.8, p.5-12, 2002b.
Tung, J.T.; Venta, P.J.; Eberhart, S.W. et al. Effects of anti- arthritis preparations on gene expression and enzyme activity of cyclooxygenase-2 in cultured equine chondrocytes. American Journal of Veterinary Research, v.63, n.8, p.1134-1139, 2002c.
Van Miert A.S.J. Present concepts on the inflammatory modulators with special reference to cytokines. Veterinary Research Communications, V.26, p.111- 126, 2002.
Vaz, A. Double-blind clinical evaluation of the relative efficacy of ibuprofen and and glucosamine sulphate in the management of osteoarthritis of the knee in out- patients. Current Medical Research Opinion, v.8, p.145-149, 1982.
Warner, T.D.; Giuliano, F.; Vojnovic, I. et al. Nonsteroidal drug selectivities for cyclo-oxygenase-1 rather than cyclo-oxygenase-2 are associated with human gastrointestinal toxicity: a full in vitro analysis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences USA, v.96, n.13, p.7563-7568, 1999.
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