Resumo
A prescrição de atividade física para as sobreviventes ao câncer de mama depende da evidencia que se pode obter do impacto fisiológico, psicológico e biológico do exercício físico sobre a diminuição do risco recidiva. Objetivos: O propósito deste artigo é revisar os diferentes estudos publicados sobre o impacto do exercício em pacientes com câncer de mama, que finalizaram o tratamento de quimioterapia e/ou radioterapia com o fim de identificar a intensidade, frequência, tempo de intervenção, duração das sessões, tipo de trabalho realizado e as diferentes variáveis avaliadas. Método: se desenvolveu uma revisão dos estudos experimentais publicados sobre este tema desde 1995, incluíram se 27 estudos e se examinou com frequência, intensidade, duração das sessões, tempo de intervenção e efeitos da atividade física sobre as variáveis de controle utilizadas. Resultados: Sete estudos (58%) desenvolveram o programa de exercício durante um período de 24 semanas, seis (50%) estabeleceram, realizaram 3 sessões por semana, em cinco (41%) a duração das sessões eram de 30 minutos, três (25%) implementaram uma intensidade 50 80% da FC Max. Seis estudos (50%) avaliaram o IMC, a porcentagem de massa grassa e a qualidade de vida, cinco (41%) avaliaram o VO2 máx., e dois (16%) utilizaram marcadores tumorais. Conclusões: Não se pôde estabelecer qual é a intensidade, volumem frequência e tempo de duração que tem um melhor impacto fisiológico em pacientes sobreviventes ao câncer de mama. De igual forma, não se estabeleceu o impacto da atividade física sobre os biomarcadores.
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