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Perdomo-Rubio A, Gonzalez-Viana A, Casajuana-Kögel C, Izquierdo-Mora D del R. Análise da Implementação do Mapeamento de Ativos e Prescrição Social na Catalunha. Hacia Promoc. Salud [Internet]. 1º de setembro de 2025 [citado 18º de abril de 2026];30(3):47-61. Disponível em: https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/view/11762
Fomatos de Citação
Autores
Diana del Rosario Izquierdo-Mora
Ministerio de Salud y Protección Social-Dirección de Promoción y Prevención
Resumo
Introdução: O mapeamento de ativos e a Prescrição Social (PS) são ferramentas essenciais na ação comunitária voltada para enfrentar os determinantes sociais da saúde. Este estudo examina sua implementação na Catalunha, explorando fatores facilitadores, desafios e percepções de impacto na saúde pública. Métodos: Foi realizado um estudo de métodos mistos, incluindo uma análise descritiva da plataforma “Activos y Salud” e entrevistas semiestruturadas com 25 atores-chave em 11 municípios. As entrevistas foram analisadas qualitativamente para identificar padrões na implementação das estratégias. Resultados: Entre 2016 e 2021, foram registrados 4.113 atividades e 4.214 recursos na plataforma “Activos y Salud”. Foram observadas disparidades na cobertura entre faixas etárias e províncias, com representação limitada de atividades voltadas para jovens. A pandemia de COVID-19 impactou significativamente o registro e a sustentabilidade das atividades. Processos comunitários pré-existentes, como a colaboração intersetorial, foram cruciais para o sucesso do mapeamento de ativos e da PS. As estratégias implementadas incluíram reuniões intersetoriais, uso de ferramentas digitais e colaboração com universidades. Entre os desafios identificados estão a falta de recursos específicos, as lacunas digitais e as dificuldades na atualização contínua dos ativos. A PS foi adaptada às características locais por meio de circuitos diferenciados. Os participantes destacaram impactos positivos, como a criação de redes comunitárias, a redução do isolamento social e o aumento da participação social. Conclusões: A implementação efetiva exige superar barreiras, fortalecer capacidades locais, capacitar profissionais, melhorar a infraestrutura digital e a participação comunitária, incorporando inteligência artificial e aprendizados transferíveis que orientem a implementação em outros contextos.
Referências
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7. World Health Organization. A toolkit on how to implement social prescribing. WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific [Internet]. 2022. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789290619765
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11. Daban F, Pasarín MI, Borrell C, Artazcoz L, Pérez A, Fernández A, et al. Barcelona Salut als Barris: Twelve years’ experience of tackling social health inequalities through community-based interventions. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2021;35(3):282–8. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.02.007
12. González JC, Martín MJ, Farran JC, González-Viana A. La prescripción social en España: el ejemplo de Cataluña. FMC [Internet]. 2021;28(3):12–20. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmc.2021.02.003
13. Hernández Sampieri R, Fernández Collado C, Baptista Pilar. Metodología de la investigación. 6a ed. México: McGraw Hill Interamericana [Internet]. 2014. Disponible en: https://www.paginaspersonales.unam.mx/app/webroot/files/981/Investigacion_sampieri_6a_ED.pdf
14. Martínez-Salgado C. El muestreo en investigación cualitativa: principios básicos y algunas controversias. Cien Saude Colet [Internet]. 2012;17(3):613–9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000300006
15. Strauss A, Corbin J. Bases de la investigación cualitativa: técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada. Medellín: Universidad de Antioquia; 2002.
16. Chopra RC, Chakrabarthi S, Narayan I, Chakraborty S. Efficacy of community groups as a social prescription for senior health—insights from a natural experiment during the COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2024;14(1):24579. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75262-y
17. Grover S, Sandhu P, Nijjar GS, Percival A, Chudyk AM, Liang J, et al. Older adults and social prescribing experience, outcomes, and processes: a meta-aggregation systematic review. Public Health [Internet]. 2023;218:197–207. Disponible en:https:// 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.02.016
18. Honda H, Kita T. Social prescription for isolated parenting in Japan: Socioeconomic characteristics of mothers with weak social connectivity in their community. Health Soc Care Community [Internet]. 2022;30(5). Disponible en: https://10.1111/hsc.13610
19. Jayasinghe S, Holloway TP, Soward R, Patterson KAE, Ahuja KDK, Dalton L, et al. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure: Proposal for a social prescribing strategy for obesity prevention and improvement in health and well-being. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2023;12:e41280. https://doi.org/10.2196/41280
20. Law K, Trieu K, Madz J, Coyle D, Glover K, Tian M, et al. Stakeholder perspectives on the acceptability, design, and integration of produce prescriptions for people with type 2 diabetes in Australia: A formative study. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2024;21(10):1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21101330
21. Sadio R, Henriques A, Nogueira P, Costa A. Social prescription for the elderly: a community-based scoping review. Prim Health Care Res Dev [Internet]. 2024;25:e46. Disponible en: https://10.1017/S1463423624000410
22. Golden TL, Maier Lokuta A, Mohanty A, Tiedemann A, Ng TWC, Mendu M, et al. Social prescription in the US: A pilot evaluation of Mass Cultural Council’s CultureRx. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2023;10:110312. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016136
23. Jensen A, Stickley T, Torrissen W, Stigmar K. Arts on prescription in Scandinavia: a review of current practice and future possibilities. Perspect Public Health [Internet]. 2017;137(5):268–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913916676853
24. Thomson LJ, Lockyer B, Camic PM, Chatterjee HJ. Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults. Perspect Public Health [Internet]. 2018;138(1):28–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913917737563
25. Menhas R, Yang L, Saqib ZA, Younas M, Saeed MM. Does nature-based social prescription improve mental health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2024;12:1348956. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1228271
26. Wood CJ, Polley M, Barton JL, Wicks CL. Therapeutic community gardening as a green social prescription for mental ill-health: Impact, barriers, and facilitators from the perspective of multiple stakeholders. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2022;19(20):13612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013612
27. Cheshire A, Richards R, Cartwright T. Joining a group was inspiring: a qualitative study of service users’ experiences of yoga on social prescription. BMC Complement Med Ther [Internet]. 2022;22(1):67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3
28. Paquet C, Whitehead J, Shah R, Adams AM, Dooley D, Spreng RN, et al. Social prescription interventions addressing social isolation and loneliness in older adults: Meta-review integrating on-the-ground resources. J Med Internet Res [Internet].2023;25:e40213. Disponible en: https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e40213
29. Patel S, Craigen G, Pinto da Costa M, Inkster B. Opportunities and challenges for digital social prescribing in mental health: Questionnaire study. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2021;23(3):e17438. https://doi.org/10.2196/17438
30. Cubillo-Llanes J, Botello-Díaz B, Gea-Caballero V, March S, Segura-Benedicto A, Hernán-García M. Activos: de los mapas al territorio. Informe SESPAS 2018. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2018;32:98–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.06.006
31. Yadav UN, Paudel G, Ghimire S, Khatiwada B, Gurung A, Parsekar SS, et al. A rapid review of opportunities and challenges in the implementation of social prescription interventions for addressing the unmet needs of individuals living with long-term chronic conditions. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2024;24(1):306. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17736-2
32. Mosteiro-Miguéns DG, Zapata-Cachafeiro M, Novío S, Vieito-Pérez N, Alfonso-González T, Rodríguez-Fernández A.Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of primary care professionals regarding community activities: a descriptive study. Fam Pract [Internet]. 2024;cmad138. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13385
33. Husk K, Blockley K, Lovell R, Bethel A, Lang I, Byng R, et al. What approaches to social prescribing work, for whom, and in what circumstances? A realist review. Health Soc Care Community [Internet]. 2020;28(2):309–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12839
34. Heijnders ML, Meijs JJ. Welzijn op Recept (Social Prescribing): a helping hand in re-establishing social contacts – an explorative qualitative study. Prim Health Care Res Dev [Internet]. 2018;19(03):223–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1463423617000809
35. Rafiei S, Honary M, Mezes B. Stakeholder views on addressing challenges to the implementation of social prescribing in the United Kingdom. Front Health Serv [Internet]. 2024;4:1312714. https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2024.1413711
36. Elliott M, Davies M, Davies J, Wallace C. Exploring how and why social prescribing evaluations work: a realist review. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2022;12(4):e057009. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057009
2. Antonovsky A. The salutogenic model as a theory to guide health promotion. Health Promot Int [Internet]. 1996;11(1):11–8. https://doi.org/10.1093/heapro/11.1.11
3. Hernán M, Morgan A, Mena AL. Formación en salutogénesis y activos para la salud. Escuela Andaluza de Salud Pública [Internet]. 2010. https://www.easp.es/project/formacion-en-salutogenesis-y-activos
4. Botello B, Palacio S, García M, Margolles M, Fernández F, Hernán M, et al. Metodología para el mapeo de activos de salud en una comunidad. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2013;27(2):180–3. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2012.05.006
5. Capella-González J, Braddick F, Jara Martín M. Guia de prescripció d’actius comunitaris: Programa de Prescripció Social i Salut (PSS). Generalitat de Catalunya. 2021.
6. Orueta-Sánchez R, Santos-Rodríguez C, González-Hidalgo E, Fagundo-Becerra EM, Alejandre-Lázaro G, Carmona-Morena J, et al. Medicalización de la vida (I). Rev Clin Med Fam [Internet]. 2011;4:150–61. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1699-695X2011000200011&lng=es.
7. World Health Organization. A toolkit on how to implement social prescribing. WHO Regional Office for the Western Pacific [Internet]. 2022. Disponible en: https://www.who.int/publications/i/item/9789290619765
8. Calderón-Larrañaga S, Braddick F. De la prescripción social a la recomendación de activos: ¿qué funciona, para quién, en qué contexto y cómo? FMC [Internet]. 2021;28(3):3–11. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmc.2021.02.002
9. Agència de Salut Pública de Catalunya. Plan Interdepartamental e Intersectorial de Salud Pública (PINSAP). ASPCAT [Internet]. 2018. Disponible en: https://salutpublica.gencat.cat/ca/agencia/plans-estrategics/pinsap/
10. Sierra I, Cabezas C, Brugulat P, Mompart A. Estrategia Salud en los barrios: actuaciones focalizadas en territorios de especial necesidad social y de salud. Med Clin (Barc) [Internet]. 2008;131:60–4. Disponible en: https://www.elsevier.es/es-revistamedicina-clinica-2-articulo-estrategia-salud-barrios-actuaciones-focalizadas-13131512
11. Daban F, Pasarín MI, Borrell C, Artazcoz L, Pérez A, Fernández A, et al. Barcelona Salut als Barris: Twelve years’ experience of tackling social health inequalities through community-based interventions. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2021;35(3):282–8. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2020.02.007
12. González JC, Martín MJ, Farran JC, González-Viana A. La prescripción social en España: el ejemplo de Cataluña. FMC [Internet]. 2021;28(3):12–20. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fmc.2021.02.003
13. Hernández Sampieri R, Fernández Collado C, Baptista Pilar. Metodología de la investigación. 6a ed. México: McGraw Hill Interamericana [Internet]. 2014. Disponible en: https://www.paginaspersonales.unam.mx/app/webroot/files/981/Investigacion_sampieri_6a_ED.pdf
14. Martínez-Salgado C. El muestreo en investigación cualitativa: principios básicos y algunas controversias. Cien Saude Colet [Internet]. 2012;17(3):613–9. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.1590/S1413-81232012000300006
15. Strauss A, Corbin J. Bases de la investigación cualitativa: técnicas y procedimientos para desarrollar la teoría fundamentada. Medellín: Universidad de Antioquia; 2002.
16. Chopra RC, Chakrabarthi S, Narayan I, Chakraborty S. Efficacy of community groups as a social prescription for senior health—insights from a natural experiment during the COVID-19 lockdown. Sci Rep [Internet]. 2024;14(1):24579. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-75262-y
17. Grover S, Sandhu P, Nijjar GS, Percival A, Chudyk AM, Liang J, et al. Older adults and social prescribing experience, outcomes, and processes: a meta-aggregation systematic review. Public Health [Internet]. 2023;218:197–207. Disponible en:https:// 10.1016/j.puhe.2023.02.016
18. Honda H, Kita T. Social prescription for isolated parenting in Japan: Socioeconomic characteristics of mothers with weak social connectivity in their community. Health Soc Care Community [Internet]. 2022;30(5). Disponible en: https://10.1111/hsc.13610
19. Jayasinghe S, Holloway TP, Soward R, Patterson KAE, Ahuja KDK, Dalton L, et al. An ounce of prevention is worth a pound of cure: Proposal for a social prescribing strategy for obesity prevention and improvement in health and well-being. JMIR Res Protoc [Internet]. 2023;12:e41280. https://doi.org/10.2196/41280
20. Law K, Trieu K, Madz J, Coyle D, Glover K, Tian M, et al. Stakeholder perspectives on the acceptability, design, and integration of produce prescriptions for people with type 2 diabetes in Australia: A formative study. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2024;21(10):1330. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph21101330
21. Sadio R, Henriques A, Nogueira P, Costa A. Social prescription for the elderly: a community-based scoping review. Prim Health Care Res Dev [Internet]. 2024;25:e46. Disponible en: https://10.1017/S1463423624000410
22. Golden TL, Maier Lokuta A, Mohanty A, Tiedemann A, Ng TWC, Mendu M, et al. Social prescription in the US: A pilot evaluation of Mass Cultural Council’s CultureRx. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2023;10:110312. Disponible en: https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2022.1016136
23. Jensen A, Stickley T, Torrissen W, Stigmar K. Arts on prescription in Scandinavia: a review of current practice and future possibilities. Perspect Public Health [Internet]. 2017;137(5):268–74. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913916676853
24. Thomson LJ, Lockyer B, Camic PM, Chatterjee HJ. Effects of a museum-based social prescription intervention on quantitative measures of psychological wellbeing in older adults. Perspect Public Health [Internet]. 2018;138(1):28–38. https://doi.org/10.1177/1757913917737563
25. Menhas R, Yang L, Saqib ZA, Younas M, Saeed MM. Does nature-based social prescription improve mental health outcomes? A systematic review and meta-analysis. Front Public Health [Internet]. 2024;12:1348956. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpubh.2024.1228271
26. Wood CJ, Polley M, Barton JL, Wicks CL. Therapeutic community gardening as a green social prescription for mental ill-health: Impact, barriers, and facilitators from the perspective of multiple stakeholders. Int J Environ Res Public Health [Internet]. 2022;19(20):13612. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph192013612
27. Cheshire A, Richards R, Cartwright T. Joining a group was inspiring: a qualitative study of service users’ experiences of yoga on social prescription. BMC Complement Med Ther [Internet]. 2022;22(1):67. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12906-022-03514-3
28. Paquet C, Whitehead J, Shah R, Adams AM, Dooley D, Spreng RN, et al. Social prescription interventions addressing social isolation and loneliness in older adults: Meta-review integrating on-the-ground resources. J Med Internet Res [Internet].2023;25:e40213. Disponible en: https://www.jmir.org/2023/1/e40213
29. Patel S, Craigen G, Pinto da Costa M, Inkster B. Opportunities and challenges for digital social prescribing in mental health: Questionnaire study. J Med Internet Res [Internet]. 2021;23(3):e17438. https://doi.org/10.2196/17438
30. Cubillo-Llanes J, Botello-Díaz B, Gea-Caballero V, March S, Segura-Benedicto A, Hernán-García M. Activos: de los mapas al territorio. Informe SESPAS 2018. Gac Sanit [Internet]. 2018;32:98–102. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.gaceta.2018.06.006
31. Yadav UN, Paudel G, Ghimire S, Khatiwada B, Gurung A, Parsekar SS, et al. A rapid review of opportunities and challenges in the implementation of social prescription interventions for addressing the unmet needs of individuals living with long-term chronic conditions. BMC Public Health [Internet]. 2024;24(1):306. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12889-024-17736-2
32. Mosteiro-Miguéns DG, Zapata-Cachafeiro M, Novío S, Vieito-Pérez N, Alfonso-González T, Rodríguez-Fernández A.Knowledge, attitudes, and practice of primary care professionals regarding community activities: a descriptive study. Fam Pract [Internet]. 2024;cmad138. https://doi.org/10.1111/phn.13385
33. Husk K, Blockley K, Lovell R, Bethel A, Lang I, Byng R, et al. What approaches to social prescribing work, for whom, and in what circumstances? A realist review. Health Soc Care Community [Internet]. 2020;28(2):309–24. https://doi.org/10.1111/hsc.12839
34. Heijnders ML, Meijs JJ. Welzijn op Recept (Social Prescribing): a helping hand in re-establishing social contacts – an explorative qualitative study. Prim Health Care Res Dev [Internet]. 2018;19(03):223–31. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1463423617000809
35. Rafiei S, Honary M, Mezes B. Stakeholder views on addressing challenges to the implementation of social prescribing in the United Kingdom. Front Health Serv [Internet]. 2024;4:1312714. https://doi.org/10.3389/frhs.2024.1413711
36. Elliott M, Davies M, Davies J, Wallace C. Exploring how and why social prescribing evaluations work: a realist review. BMJ Open [Internet]. 2022;12(4):e057009. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2021-057009
