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Publication Date: 2014-01-01
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Gómez Scarpetta R Ángela, Olaya Pardo M, Barbosa Rivera A, Durán Arismendy L, Vergara Bobadilla H, Rodas Avellaneda CP, Mora Reina JE, Robayo YT, Pinzón Castro LA. Prevalence dental fluorosis in infants of 8 to 12 years of public schools, Villavicencio 2013. Hacia Promoc. Salud [Internet]. 2014 Jan. 1 [cited 2024 May 12];19(1):25-38. Available from: https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/view/2196
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Abstract
Objective: To determine the prevalence and severity of dental fluorosis in the population aged 8-12 years old in public schools in Villavicencio, Colombia. Materials and Methods: A descriptive study, with voluntary participation and previous consent of the responsible adults, of 459 children aged 8 to 12 years, selected from a population of 32,306 students enrolled in public schools in Villavicencio, using probability sampling. This work is supported by the bioethics committee of the Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Clinical examination was carried out by six dentists previously calibrated by an expert in the diagnosis of dental fluorosis according Thylstrup and Fejerskov (TFI) obtaining Kappa indexes > 0.80. Exploratory data analysis (EDA), frequency distribution and inferential statistics (test partnership with Pearson Chi2 α = 0.05) were performed with SPSS version 21.0. Licensed by Universidad Cooperativa de Colombia. Results: The prevalence of fluorosis (TFI ≥ 1) was 65.8% (n = 302) (95% CI = 61.5% to 68.5%). Boys presented a prevalence of 51.3% (n = 155) (95% CI = 47.3% to 55.3%) (p = 0.94). In urban areas the most affected district of origin was No. 6 with a prevalence of 70.8% (95% CI = 59.8% to 81.8%) (p = 0,84). The 31.4% of children had a TFI = 2, 23% one TFI = 1. The most affected teeth were premolars (48.2%) (40.6%), followed by lateral incisors (40.2%). Conclusion: In the population of 8-12 years old children of public Villavicencio schools a higher prevalence of fluorosis with a mild to moderate severity is present, representing a public health problem that requires intervention by the supervisory bodies.
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References
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Jarvis HG, Heslop P, Kisima J, et al. Prevalence and aetiology of juvenile skeletal fluorosis in the south-west of the Hai district, Tanzania – a community-based prevalence and case-control study. Trop Med Int Health. 2013; 18(2):222-9.
Jiao YZ, Mu LH, Wang YX, An W, Jiang M. Association between ameloblastin gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to dental Fluorosis. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2013; 34(1):28-32.
Jiao YZ, Mu LH, Wang YX, et al. Study on the association between environmental chemical elements and fluorosis caused by coal-fire pollution. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2012; 33(12):1243-7.
Parajas IL. Natural fluoride content of drinking waters in the National Capital Region. J Philipp Dent Assoc. 1998; 50(3):15-22.
Salih I, Backstrom M, Karlsson S, Lund E, Pettersson HB. Impact of fluoride and other aquatic parameters on radon concentration in natural waters. Appl Radiat Isot. 2004; 60(1):99-104.
Proudfoot AT, Bradberry SM, Vale JA. Sodium fluoroacetate poisoning. Toxicol Rev. 2006; 25(4):213-9.
Santos Lde M, Reis JI, Medeiros MP, Ramos SM, Araujo JM. In vitro evaluation of fluoride products in the development of carious lesions in deciduous teeth. Braz Oral Res. 2009; 23(3):296-301.
Jeevarathan J, Deepti A, Muthu MS, Rathna Prabhu V, Chamundeeswari GS. Effect of fluoride varnish on Streptococcus mutans counts in plaque of caries-free children using Dentocult SM strip mutans test: a randomized controlled triple blind study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007; 25(4):157-63.
Browne D. Enamel fluorosis: a cause for concern? J Ir Dent Assoc. 2012; 58(Suppl 3):S10-2.
Cunha-Cruz J, Nadanovsky P. Dental fluorosis increases caries risk. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2005; 5(3):170-1.
Firempong C, Nsiah K, Awunyo-Vitor D, Dongsogo J. Soluble Fluoride Levels in Drinking Water-A Major Risk Factor of Dental Fluorosis among Children in Bongo community of Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2013; 47(1):16-23.
Cochran JA, Ketley CE, Arnadottir IB, et al. A comparison of the prevalence of fluorosis in 8-yearold children from seven European study sites using a standardized methodology. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2004; 32 (Suppl 1):28-33.
Sánchez H, Parra J. Fluorosis dental en escolares del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Biomédica. 2005; 25(1):46-54.
Quanyong X, Minghao Z, Ming W, et al. Relationships between daily total fluoride intake and dental fluorosis and dental caries. Journal of Nanjing Medical University. 2009; 23(1):33-39.
Colombia RNd. III Estudio Nacional De Salud Bucal - ENSAB III; 1999.
Arrieta K, González F, Luna L. Exploración del riesgo para fluorosis dental en niños de las clínicas odontológicas universidad de Cartagena. Rev. salud pública. 2011; 13(4):672-83.
Ramírez B, Franco A, Sierra J, et al. Fluorosis dental en escolares y exploración de factores de riesgo. Municipio de Frontino. RevFacOdontolUnivAntioq. 2006; 17(2):26-33.
Ramírez B, Franco Á, Ochoa E. Fluorosis Dental en Escolares de 6 a 13 Años de Instituciones Educativas Públicas de Medellín, Colombia. 2006. Rev. salud pública. 2009; 11(4):631-40.
Ramírez B, Franco A, Gómez A, Corrales D. Fluorosis dental en Escolares de Instituciones Educativas Privadas. Medellín, Colombia: 2007. Rev. Facultad de Odontología de Universidad de Antioquia. 2010; 21(2):170-76.
Concha S, Celedón Y, Vera W, et al. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de 6 a 15 años de edad de la zona urbana de Bucaramanga. Rev Ustasalud. 2003; 2:73-82.
Sarvaiya BU, Bhayya D, Arora R, Mehta DN. Prevalence of dental fluorosis in relation with different fluoride levels in drinking water among school going children in Sarada tehsil of Udaipur district, Rajasthan. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2012; 30(4):317-22.
García-Pérez A, Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Borges-Yáñez A. Fluorosis and Dental Caries in Mexican Schoolchildren Residing in Areas with Different Water Fluoride Concentrations and Receiving Fluoridated Salt. Caries Res. 2013; 47(4):299-308.
De Carvalho CA, Zanlorenzi Nicodemo CA, Ferreira Mercadante DC, et al. Dental fluorosis in the primary dentition and intake of manufactured soy-based foods with fluoride. Clin Nutr. 2013; 32(3):432-7.
Ruiz J. 1er Simposio Internacional de Flúor y Fluorosis: Memorias Simposio Flúor y Fluorosis y Resúmenes de Investigación y Experiencias regionales; 2012. p. 5-6.
Espinosa R, Fernández R, Valencia I, Ceja A. Fluorosis dental. Edit. Ripano; 2012. p. 82-85.
III Estudio Nacional de Salud Bucal - Ensab III, II Estudio Nacional de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades Crónicas - Enfrec II. p. 109-112.
González F, Arrieta K, Fortich N. Factores familiares asociados con la prevalencia de fluorosis dental en niños escolares en Cartagena Colombia. Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia [Internet]. 2012 [citado 24 Jun 2013]. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S1699-695X2012000300006&script=sci_arttext
Martínez L, Marulanda E, Noreña M, Bernal T, Agudelo A. Prevalencia de fluorosis y experiencia de caries dental en un grupo de escolares en el área urbana del municipio de Yondó (Antioquia, Colombia), 2010. Rev. CES Odontología. 2011; 24(1):9-16.
Martignon S, Granados OL. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental y análisis de asociación a factores de riesgo en escolares de Bogotá. Rev. Científica Facultad de Odontología Universidad del Bosque. 2002; 8:19-27.
Ferjeskov O, Baelum V, Moller IJ. Dental fluorosis; a handbook for health workers. Copenhagen: Munksgaard; 1988. p. 44-50.
Azpeitia M, Rodríguez M, Sánchez M. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de 6 a 15 años de edad. Revista Médica Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. 2008; 46(1):67-72.
Frechero N, Castañeda E, Hernández J, Robles G. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de una delegación política de la Ciudad de México. Revista Mexicana de Pediatría. 2005; 72(1):13-16.
Borges M, Mireles J. Flúor en la sal de consumo humano y prevalencia de fluorosis dental en la población de la escuela básica “Dr. Carlos Arvelo”. Yagua. Estado Carabobo. Rev. OdousCientífica, 2002; 1-12.
Beltrán M. Investigar las consecuencias del efecto acumulativo del flúor, una necesidad imperante de la profesión odontológica. Revista Colombiana de Investigación en Odontología. 2012; 3(7):45-47.
Dhar V, Bhatnagar M. Physiology and toxicity of fluoride. Indian J Dent Res. 2009; 20:350-355.
Choi AL, Sun G, Zhang Y, Grandjean P. Develpomental Fluoride Neurotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [Internet]. 2012 [citado 18 Jun 2013]. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104912
Jarvis HG, Heslop P, Kisima J, et al. Prevalence and aetiology of juvenile skeletal fluorosis in the south-west of the Hai district, Tanzania – a community-based prevalence and case-control study. Trop Med Int Health. 2013; 18(2):222-9.
Jiao YZ, Mu LH, Wang YX, An W, Jiang M. Association between ameloblastin gene polymorphisms and the susceptibility to dental Fluorosis. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2013; 34(1):28-32.
Jiao YZ, Mu LH, Wang YX, et al. Study on the association between environmental chemical elements and fluorosis caused by coal-fire pollution. Zhonghua Liu Xing Bing Xue Za Zhi. 2012; 33(12):1243-7.
Parajas IL. Natural fluoride content of drinking waters in the National Capital Region. J Philipp Dent Assoc. 1998; 50(3):15-22.
Salih I, Backstrom M, Karlsson S, Lund E, Pettersson HB. Impact of fluoride and other aquatic parameters on radon concentration in natural waters. Appl Radiat Isot. 2004; 60(1):99-104.
Proudfoot AT, Bradberry SM, Vale JA. Sodium fluoroacetate poisoning. Toxicol Rev. 2006; 25(4):213-9.
Santos Lde M, Reis JI, Medeiros MP, Ramos SM, Araujo JM. In vitro evaluation of fluoride products in the development of carious lesions in deciduous teeth. Braz Oral Res. 2009; 23(3):296-301.
Jeevarathan J, Deepti A, Muthu MS, Rathna Prabhu V, Chamundeeswari GS. Effect of fluoride varnish on Streptococcus mutans counts in plaque of caries-free children using Dentocult SM strip mutans test: a randomized controlled triple blind study. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2007; 25(4):157-63.
Browne D. Enamel fluorosis: a cause for concern? J Ir Dent Assoc. 2012; 58(Suppl 3):S10-2.
Cunha-Cruz J, Nadanovsky P. Dental fluorosis increases caries risk. J Evid Based Dent Pract. 2005; 5(3):170-1.
Firempong C, Nsiah K, Awunyo-Vitor D, Dongsogo J. Soluble Fluoride Levels in Drinking Water-A Major Risk Factor of Dental Fluorosis among Children in Bongo community of Ghana. Ghana Med J. 2013; 47(1):16-23.
Cochran JA, Ketley CE, Arnadottir IB, et al. A comparison of the prevalence of fluorosis in 8-yearold children from seven European study sites using a standardized methodology. Community Dent Oral Epidemiol. 2004; 32 (Suppl 1):28-33.
Sánchez H, Parra J. Fluorosis dental en escolares del departamento de Caldas, Colombia. Biomédica. 2005; 25(1):46-54.
Quanyong X, Minghao Z, Ming W, et al. Relationships between daily total fluoride intake and dental fluorosis and dental caries. Journal of Nanjing Medical University. 2009; 23(1):33-39.
Colombia RNd. III Estudio Nacional De Salud Bucal - ENSAB III; 1999.
Arrieta K, González F, Luna L. Exploración del riesgo para fluorosis dental en niños de las clínicas odontológicas universidad de Cartagena. Rev. salud pública. 2011; 13(4):672-83.
Ramírez B, Franco A, Sierra J, et al. Fluorosis dental en escolares y exploración de factores de riesgo. Municipio de Frontino. RevFacOdontolUnivAntioq. 2006; 17(2):26-33.
Ramírez B, Franco Á, Ochoa E. Fluorosis Dental en Escolares de 6 a 13 Años de Instituciones Educativas Públicas de Medellín, Colombia. 2006. Rev. salud pública. 2009; 11(4):631-40.
Ramírez B, Franco A, Gómez A, Corrales D. Fluorosis dental en Escolares de Instituciones Educativas Privadas. Medellín, Colombia: 2007. Rev. Facultad de Odontología de Universidad de Antioquia. 2010; 21(2):170-76.
Concha S, Celedón Y, Vera W, et al. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de 6 a 15 años de edad de la zona urbana de Bucaramanga. Rev Ustasalud. 2003; 2:73-82.
Sarvaiya BU, Bhayya D, Arora R, Mehta DN. Prevalence of dental fluorosis in relation with different fluoride levels in drinking water among school going children in Sarada tehsil of Udaipur district, Rajasthan. J Indian Soc Pedod Prev Dent. 2012; 30(4):317-22.
García-Pérez A, Irigoyen-Camacho ME, Borges-Yáñez A. Fluorosis and Dental Caries in Mexican Schoolchildren Residing in Areas with Different Water Fluoride Concentrations and Receiving Fluoridated Salt. Caries Res. 2013; 47(4):299-308.
De Carvalho CA, Zanlorenzi Nicodemo CA, Ferreira Mercadante DC, et al. Dental fluorosis in the primary dentition and intake of manufactured soy-based foods with fluoride. Clin Nutr. 2013; 32(3):432-7.
Ruiz J. 1er Simposio Internacional de Flúor y Fluorosis: Memorias Simposio Flúor y Fluorosis y Resúmenes de Investigación y Experiencias regionales; 2012. p. 5-6.
Espinosa R, Fernández R, Valencia I, Ceja A. Fluorosis dental. Edit. Ripano; 2012. p. 82-85.
III Estudio Nacional de Salud Bucal - Ensab III, II Estudio Nacional de Factores de Riesgo de Enfermedades Crónicas - Enfrec II. p. 109-112.
González F, Arrieta K, Fortich N. Factores familiares asociados con la prevalencia de fluorosis dental en niños escolares en Cartagena Colombia. Revista Clínica de Medicina de Familia [Internet]. 2012 [citado 24 Jun 2013]. Disponible en: http://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?pid=S1699-695X2012000300006&script=sci_arttext
Martínez L, Marulanda E, Noreña M, Bernal T, Agudelo A. Prevalencia de fluorosis y experiencia de caries dental en un grupo de escolares en el área urbana del municipio de Yondó (Antioquia, Colombia), 2010. Rev. CES Odontología. 2011; 24(1):9-16.
Martignon S, Granados OL. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental y análisis de asociación a factores de riesgo en escolares de Bogotá. Rev. Científica Facultad de Odontología Universidad del Bosque. 2002; 8:19-27.
Ferjeskov O, Baelum V, Moller IJ. Dental fluorosis; a handbook for health workers. Copenhagen: Munksgaard; 1988. p. 44-50.
Azpeitia M, Rodríguez M, Sánchez M. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de 6 a 15 años de edad. Revista Médica Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social. 2008; 46(1):67-72.
Frechero N, Castañeda E, Hernández J, Robles G. Prevalencia de fluorosis dental en escolares de una delegación política de la Ciudad de México. Revista Mexicana de Pediatría. 2005; 72(1):13-16.
Borges M, Mireles J. Flúor en la sal de consumo humano y prevalencia de fluorosis dental en la población de la escuela básica “Dr. Carlos Arvelo”. Yagua. Estado Carabobo. Rev. OdousCientífica, 2002; 1-12.
Beltrán M. Investigar las consecuencias del efecto acumulativo del flúor, una necesidad imperante de la profesión odontológica. Revista Colombiana de Investigación en Odontología. 2012; 3(7):45-47.
Dhar V, Bhatnagar M. Physiology and toxicity of fluoride. Indian J Dent Res. 2009; 20:350-355.
Choi AL, Sun G, Zhang Y, Grandjean P. Develpomental Fluoride Neurotoxicity: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis [Internet]. 2012 [citado 18 Jun 2013]. Disponible en: http://dx.doi.org/10.1289/ehp.1104912
