Análisis de la desigualdad geográfica de la morbilidad por malaria en Córdoba, Colombia

Abstract

Objective. To analyze geographical inequality in malaria morbidity in Córdoba, Colombia. Methods. An ecological study was conducted. Malaria morbidity rates in Córdoba, trends (percentage change and average annual percentage change), geographic inequality (absolute and relative gradient measures), and populationattributable risk (absolute and relative) were analyzed for the period 2018-2022. Results. The overall morbidity rate was 1973.80 per 100,000 inhabitants, with higher rates among males (1170.96) and in the 15-64 age group (1242.05). The municipalities with the highest risks in terms of number of cases (Ridit < 0.4) are Tierralta, Puerto Libertador, Valencia Montelíbano, and Montería. Most of the municipalities in Córdoba are at risk, with the highest risk in San José de Uré (6.93), La Apartada (6.45), and Canalete (6.16). The relative slope inequality index remains relatively constant over the years, indicating that the areas with the highest malaria rates are consistently the most affected. Of the total cases recorded in 2022, 99.4% could have been prevented if all municipalities had the conditions of San Bernardo del Viento, which has the best situation in terms of malaria morbidity. Conclusion. The population risk of malaria in Córdoba is determined by geographical inequalities. Further studies are needed to examine other variables associated with risk, which make it difficult to control malaria in municipalities with higher morbidity, based on addressing the social determinants of health.

Keywords

Malaria

risk

delimitation of risk areas

monitoring of health inequalities

epidemiology

References

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