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Melo-Betancourt LG, Castaño-Marín JC. Abdominal obesity, body mass index, and physical activity in children and adolescents in Los Nevados Natural Park. Hacia Promoc. Salud [Internet]. 2025 Sep. 1 [cited 2026 Apr. 18];30(3):9-19. Available from: https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/hacialapromociondelasalud/article/view/11759
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Abstract
Objective: To analyze abdominal obesity, body mass index (BMI), and physical activity (PA) levels in children and adolescents living on the outskirts of Los Nevados National Natural Park, Colombia. Materials and methods: A quantitative, cross-sectional study was conducted between June and September 2024 in rural schools at altitudes above 3600 m. A convenience sample of 42 schoolchildren (18 males and 24 females, average age 11.7 ± 2.7 years) was evaluated. Weight, height, BMI, waist circumference (WC), and waist-to-height ratio (WHR) were measured. The Physical Activity Questionnaire for Children (PAQ-C) and for Adolescents (PAQ-A) were administered. Descriptive and Pearson correlation analyses (p ≤ 0.05) were performed. Results: The average BMI was 18.6 ± 3.1, within normal parameters. The WHI (0.43) was below the cutoff point (0.5), indicating no abdominal obesity. In physical education class, 46.4% of children and 50% of adolescents reported always being active. Post-school physical activity was practiced 2 to 3 times per week in 46.4% and 42.9% respectively, while on weekends the levels rose to 60.7% and 85.7%. A positive and significant correlation was found between BMI and WC in both age groups (p < 0.01). Conclusions: Children and adolescents living at high altitude have normal BMI, no abdominal obesity, and high levels of physical activity, suggesting a possible protective effect of the high-altitude environment against excess weight.
References
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22. Martínez‑Gómez D, Martínez‑de‑Haro V, Pozo T, Welk GJ, Villagra A, Calle ME, et al. Fiabilidad y validez del PAQ‑A en adolescentes españoles. Rev Esp Salud Pública. 2009;83(3):427‑39. doi:10.1590/S1135-57272009000300008. Available from: https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S1135-57272009000300008
23. Saint-Maurice PF, et al. Modernizing Youth Physical Activity Questionnaires. Med Sci Sports Exerc. 2023;55(3):412-20.doi:10.1249/MSS.0000000000003088. Available from: PubMed https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/
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26. de Onis M, Onyango AW, Borghi E, Siyam A, Nishida C, Siekmann J. Development of a WHO growth reference for schoolaged children and adolescents. Bull World Health Organ [Internet]. 2007;85(9):660–7. doi:10.2471/BLT.07.043497. Available from: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC2636412/
27. Gamboa Delgado EM, Rangel-Díaz YA, Gutiérrez-Gómez YY. Asociación entre peso al nacer y factores de riesgo cardiometabólicos en niños de Bucaramanga, Colombia. Nutr Hosp [Internet]. 2017 Oct [citado 2025 Ago 30];34(5):1105–11. Available from: https://scielo.isciii.es/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0212-16112017000500013&lng=es. doi:10.20960/nh.1024.
28. Katzmarzyk PT, Barreira TV, Broyles ST, Champagne CM, Chaput JP, Fogelholm M, et al. Relationship between lifestyle behaviors and obesity in children ages 9–11: results from a 12-country study. Obesity (Silver Spring). 2015 Aug;23(8):1696–702. doi:10.1002/oby.21152. Available from: https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/26173093/
29. Rodríguez Barrera JC, Bastidas M, Genta G, Olaya-Contreras P. Calidad de vida percibida por los escolares con sobrepeso y obesidad, de sectores populares de Medellín, Colombia. Univ Psychol. 2016;15(2):301. Available from: http://revistas.javeriana.edu.co/index.php/revPsycho/article/view/8107
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