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Ballesteros-Sánchez, D. (2024). Evidencia reciente de la eficacia de la prevención (universal, selectiva e indicada) del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas. Cultura Y Droga, 29(38), 198–226. https://doi.org/10.17151/culdr.2024.29.38.9
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Daniel Ballesteros-Sánchez
Universidad de Caldas
Resumen
En este documento se relacionan los resultados de 59 estudios publicados entre el 2000 y el 2023 en relación con la eficacia de la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, estrategia importante para abordar el fenómeno del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas, los riesgos de desarrollar trastornos asociados, la edad de inicio de consumo o la reducción de daños que puedan resultar del consumo. Existen varios tipos de programas de prevención que pueden ser efectivos en su objetivo, tanto los programas de prevención universal, selectiva como indicada. En general, la prevención del consumo de sustancias psicoactivas tanto universal, selectiva como indicada se muestran eficaces a nivel internacional y a nivel de la región andina y el Cono Sur de las Américas, y es un abordaje importante en determinados grupos poblacionales y etarios para abordar tempranamente el fenómeno del consumo de drogas. Se han desarrollado varios programas, estrategias y proyectos efectivos de prevención, y se están explorando nuevas estrategias, como los programas basados en la web. Es importante continuar investigando y mejorando los programas de prevención para reducir los daños asociados con el consumo de sustancias psicoactivas.
Citas
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Botvin, G. J., & Griffin, K. W. (2004). LifeSkills Training: Empirical Findings and Future Directions. The Journal of Primary Prevention, 25, 211-232. https://doi.org/10.1023/B:JOPP.0000042391.58573.5b
Botvin, G. J., Griffin, K. W., & Nichols, T. (2006). Preventing youth violence and delinquency through a universal school-based prevention approach. Prevention Science, 7, 403-408. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-006-0057-y
Cabrera Perona, V., Ordoñez Franco, A., González Galnares, I., Civantos Cantero, V., Moriano León, J. A. y Lloret Irles, D. (2022). Evaluación de la eficacia de un programa de prevención escolar del consumo de alcohol y cannabis entre adolescentes. Revista Española de Salud Pública, 96. https://ojs.sanidad.gob.es/index.php/resp/article/view/321
Carney, T., Myers, B., Louw, J., & Okwundu, C. I. (2016). Brief school-based interventions and behavioural outcomes for substance-using adolescents. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1), CD008969. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD008969.pub3
Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2021). Substance Use Prevention.
Champion, K. E., Newton N. C., Barrett E. L., & Teesson, M. (2013). A systematic review of school-based alcohol and other drug prevention programs facilitated by computers or the Internet. Drug and Alcohol Review, 32(2), 115-123. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1465-3362.2012.00517.x
Champion, K. E., Newton, N. C., Stapinski, L. A., & Teesson, M. (2016). Effectiveness of school-based eHealth interventions for the prevention and reduction of alcohol use: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Lancet Digit Health, 1(5), e206-e221. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2589-7500(19)30088-3
Comisión Interamericana para el Control del Abuso de Drogas. (2019). Informe sobre consumo de drogas en América Latina y el Caribe.
D’Amico, E. J., Ellickson, P. L., Collins, R. L., Martino, S., & Klein, D. J. (2005). Processes linking adolescent problems to substance-use problems in late young adulthood. Journal of Studies on Alcohol and Drugs, 66(6), 766-775. https://doi.org/10.15288/jsa.2005.66.766
Das, J. K., Salam, R. A., Arshad, A., Finkelstein, Y., & Bhutta, Z. A. (2016). Interventions for Adolescent Substance Abuse: An Overview of Systematic Reviews. The Journal of adolescent health, 59(4S), S61-S75. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jadohealth.2016.06.021
Dasinger, L., Shane, P., & Martinovich, Z. (2004). Assessing the Effectiveness of Community-Based Substance Abuse Treatment for Adolescents. Journal of Psychoactive Drugs, 36(1), 27-33. https://doi.org/10.1080/02791072.2004.1039972
De Vincenzi, A. y Bareilles, G. (2011). Promoción de la salud y prevención escolar del consumo de drogas en contextos de vulnerabilidad social. Educación y Educadores, 14(3). http://www.scielo.org.co/scielo.php?script=sci_arttext&pid=S0123-12942011000300008&lng=en&tlng=es.
Dunning, D. L., Griffiths, K., Kuyken, W., Crane, C., Foulkes, L., Parker, J., & Dalgleish, T. (2019). Research Review: The effects of mindfulness-based interventions on cognition and mental health in children and adolescents - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 60(3), 244-258. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12980
Dias Pereira, A. P., & Sanchez, Z. M. (2020). Características dos Programas escolares de Prevenção ao Uso de Drogas no Brasil. Ciencia & saude coletiva, 25(8), 3131-3142.https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020258.28632018
Durlak, J. A., Weissberg, R. P., Dymnicki, A. B., Taylor, R. D., & Schellinger, K. B. (2011). The impact of enhancing students’ social and emotional learning: A meta-analysis of school-based universal interventions. Child Development, 82(1), 405-432. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1467-8624.2010.01564.x
Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2014). Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43(4), 527-551. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.850700
Faggiano, F., Minozzi, S., Versino, E., & Buscemi, D. (2014). Universal school-based prevention for illicit drug use. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (12), CD003020. https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD003020.pub3
Foxcroft, D. R., & Tsertsvadze, A. (2011). Universal school-based prevention programs for alcohol misuse in young people. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (5). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.cd009113
Gates, S., McCambridge, J., Smith, L. A., & Foxcroft, D. (2006). Interventions for prevention of drug use by young people delivered in non-school settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005030.pub2
Griffin, K. W., & Botvin, G. J. (2010). Evidence-based interventions for preventing substance use disorders in adolescents. Child Adolescent Psychiatric Clinics of North America, 19(3), 505-526. 10.1016/j.chc.2010.03.005.
Hawkins, J. D., Kosterman, R., Catalano, R. F., Hill, K. G., & Abbott, R. D. (2008). Effects of social development intervention in childhood 15 years later. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 162(12), 1133-1141. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.162.12.1133
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Horigian, V. E., Anderson, A. R., & Szapocznik, J. (2016). Family-Based Treatments for Adolescent Substance Use. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 25(4), 603-628. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27613341/
Jiloha R. C. (2017). Prevention, early intervention, and harm reduction of substance use in adolescents. Indian journal of psychiatry, 59(1), 111-118. 10.4103/0019-5545.204444
Klimenko, O., Plaza Guzmán, D. A., Bello Cardales, C., García González, J. J. y Sánchez Espitia, N. C. (2018). Estrategias preventivas en relación a las conductas adictivas en adolescentes. Revista Psicoespacios, 12(20):144-172. https://doi.org/10.25057/21452776.1043
Lammers, J., Goossens, F., Conrod, P., Engels, R., Wiers, R. W., & Kleinjan, M. (2015). Effectiveness of a selective intervention program targeting personality risk factors for alcohol misuse among young adolescents: Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. Addiction, 110(7), 1101-1109. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12952
Libuy, N., Ibáñez, C., Guajardo, V., Araneda, A. M., Contreras Escudero, L., Donoso, P. y Mundt, A. P. (2021). Adaptación e implementación del modelo de prevención de consumo de sustancias Planet Youth en Chile. Revista chilena de neuro-psiquiatría, 59(1), 38-48.
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Dunning, D. L., Griffiths, K., Kuyken, W., Crane, C., Foulkes, L., Parker, J., & Dalgleish, T. (2019). Research Review: The effects of mindfulness-based interventions on cognition and mental health in children and adolescents - a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. The Journal of child psychology and psychiatry, 60(3), 244-258. https://doi.org/10.1111/jcpp.12980
Dias Pereira, A. P., & Sanchez, Z. M. (2020). Características dos Programas escolares de Prevenção ao Uso de Drogas no Brasil. Ciencia & saude coletiva, 25(8), 3131-3142.https://doi.org/10.1590/1413-81232020258.28632018
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Evans, S. W., Owens, J. S., & Bunford, N. (2014). Evidence-Based Psychosocial Treatments for Children and Adolescents with Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43(4), 527-551. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2013.850700
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Gates, S., McCambridge, J., Smith, L. A., & Foxcroft, D. (2006). Interventions for prevention of drug use by young people delivered in non-school settings. Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, (1). https://doi.org/10.1002/14651858.CD005030.pub2
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Hawkins, J. D., Kosterman, R., Catalano, R. F., Hill, K. G., & Abbott, R. D. (2008). Effects of social development intervention in childhood 15 years later. Archives of Pediatrics and Adolescent Medicine, 162(12), 1133-1141. https://doi.org/10.1001/archpedi.162.12.1133
Hennessy, E. A., & Tanner-Smith, E. E. (2015). Effectiveness of brief school-based interventions for adolescents: a meta-analysis of alcohol use prevention programs. Prevention Science, 16, 463-474. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-014-0512-0
Hofmann, S. G., Asnaani, A., Vonk, I. J., Sawyer, A. T., & Fang, A. (2012). The Efficacy of Cognitive Behavioral Therapy: A Review of Meta-analyses. Cognitive therapy and research, 36, 427-440. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10608-012-9476-1
Hogue, A., Henderson, C. E., Ozechowski, T. J., & Robbins, M. S. (2014). Evidence base on outpatient behavioral treatments for adolescent substance use: Updates and recommendations 2007-2013. Journal of Clinical Child and Adolescent Psychology, 43(5), 695-720. https://doi.org/10.1080/15374416.2014.915550
Horigian, V. E., Anderson, A. R., & Szapocznik, J. (2016). Family-Based Treatments for Adolescent Substance Use. Child and adolescent psychiatric clinics of North America, 25(4), 603-628. https://pubmed.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/27613341/
Jiloha R. C. (2017). Prevention, early intervention, and harm reduction of substance use in adolescents. Indian journal of psychiatry, 59(1), 111-118. 10.4103/0019-5545.204444
Klimenko, O., Plaza Guzmán, D. A., Bello Cardales, C., García González, J. J. y Sánchez Espitia, N. C. (2018). Estrategias preventivas en relación a las conductas adictivas en adolescentes. Revista Psicoespacios, 12(20):144-172. https://doi.org/10.25057/21452776.1043
Lammers, J., Goossens, F., Conrod, P., Engels, R., Wiers, R. W., & Kleinjan, M. (2015). Effectiveness of a selective intervention program targeting personality risk factors for alcohol misuse among young adolescents: Results of a cluster randomized controlled trial. Addiction, 110(7), 1101-1109. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.12952
Libuy, N., Ibáñez, C., Guajardo, V., Araneda, A. M., Contreras Escudero, L., Donoso, P. y Mundt, A. P. (2021). Adaptación e implementación del modelo de prevención de consumo de sustancias Planet Youth en Chile. Revista chilena de neuro-psiquiatría, 59(1), 38-48.
Lize, S. E., Iachini, A. L., Tang, W., Tucker, J., Seay, K. D., Clone, S., DeHart, D., & Browne, T. (2017). A Meta-analysis of the Effectiveness of Interactive Middle School Cannabis Prevention Programs. Prevention Science, 18, 50-60. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11121-
016-0723-7
MacArthur, G. J., Harrison, S., Caldwell, D. M., Hickman, M., & Campbell, R. (2016). Peerled interventions to prevent tobacco, alcohol and/or drug use among young people aged 11-21 years: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Addiction, 111(3), 391-407. https://doi.org/10.1111/add.13224
Nation, M., Crusto, C., Wandersman, A., Kumpfer, K. L., Seybolt, D., Morrissey-Kane, E., & Davino, K. (2003). What works in prevention. Principles of effective prevention programs. The American psychologist, 58(6-7), 449-456. https://doi.org/10.1037/0003-066x.58.6-7.449
National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2003). Preventing Drug Use Among Children and Adolescents: A Research-Based Guide for Parents, Educators, and Community Leaders. U.S. Department of Health and Human Services. https://www.drugabuse.gov/sites/default/files/preventingdruguse_2.pdf
National Institute on Drug Abuse. (2014). Principles of drug addiction treatment: A research-based guide. (Third edition). NIDA. https://nida.nih.gov/sites/default/files/podat-3rdEd-508.pdf
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