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Publication Date: 2008-01-01
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Rojas Vinasco, W., Estévez Varón, J. V., & Roncancio, N. (2008). Structure and floristic composition of tropical humid forest remainders in eastern Caldas, Colombia. Boletín Científico. Centro De Museos, 12, 24–37. Retrieved from https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/boletincientifico/article/view/5347
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Abstract
The floristic structure and composition of five tropical humid forest remainders of the north basin of the Moro and San Antonio rivers (Samana, Caldas, Colombia) were studied. All the individual plants with DAP > 2.5 cm in 0.08 ha were sensed, resulting in 994 individual belonging to 123 morphospecies, 91 genera and 42 families of woody plants. The Euphorbiaceae family presented the highest richness of species (11 species), followed by Fabaceae (10), Melastomataceae (8), Moraceae (8) and Rubiaceae (7). The remainders two, four, five and three showed a similarity in their floristic composition. Significant differences were seen in the floristic structure among the forest remainders in the diametric class DAP > 10 cm. The results suggest that the floristic structure, as well as the composition, is influenced by natural or human disturbances, either due to the presence of gaps, or due to selective cutting of trees.
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References
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ESPINAL, T. S. & MONTENEGRO, M. E., 1963. Formaciones vegetales de Colombia. Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi. Bogotá, D.C. Colombia.
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___________, 1982b. Neotropical floristic diversity: Phytogeographical Connections between Central and South America. Pleistocene climatic fluctuations, or an accident of the Andean orogeny. Annals of the Missouri Bot. Garden, 69: 557-593.
____________, 1988. Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden, 75: 1-34.
HARTSHORN, G. S., 1978. Tree falls and tropical forest dynamics: 617- 638 (en) By P. B. TOMLINSON & M. H. ZIMMERMANN (eds.) Tropical Trees as living system. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
___________, 1980. Neotropical forest dynamics. Biotropica, 12 : 23-30.
HOLDRIDGE, L. R., 1979. Ecología basada en zonas de vida. Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agrícolas, San José, Costa rica.
HUBBELL, S. P., FOSTER, R. B., O`BRIEN, S. T., HARMS, K. E., CONDIT, R. WECHSLER, B., WRIGHT, S. J. & LOODE LAO, S., 1999. Light-gap disturbance, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a neotropical forest. Science, 283: 554-557.
KATTAN, G., 1997. Transformación de paisajes y transformación de hábitats (en) MARÍA ELFI CHAVES & NATALIA ARANGO (eds.) Causas de Pérdida de Biodiversidad. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Alexander Von Humboldt, Bogotá D.C. 76-87 pp.
LEE, S. M., CHAO, A., 1994. Estimating population size via sample coverage for closed capture-recapture models. Biometrics, 50: 88-97.
MAGURRAN, A. E., 2004. Measuring biological diversity, Backwell Science. Malden, MA, U.S.A.
MATTEUCCI, S. & COLMA, A., 1982. Metodología para el estudio de la vegetación. Secretaría General de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA). Washington D.C., USA.
MENDOZA, J. E., JIMÉNEZ, F. H., LOZANO-ZAMBRANO, P., CAYCEDO-ROSALES & RENJIFO, L. M., 2005. Identificación de elementos del paisaje prioritarios para la conservación de biodiversidad en paisajes rurales de los andes centrales de Colombia (en) SAENZ, J. & C. A. HARVEY, Conservación de Biodiversidad en Paisajes Fragmentados y Agropaisajes. Editorial UNA. Heredia. Costa rica.
MORÍ, S. & BOOM, B., 1987. The Lecythidaceae of a lowland neotropical forest: La Fumeé Motain, French Guiana. Mem. New York .Bot. Garden, 44: 9-29.
REDFORD, K. H., TABER, A. & SIMONETTI, J. A., 1990. There is more to biodiversity than the tropical rain forest. Conservation Biology, 4: 238-330.
RICHARDS, P. W., 1952. The tropical rain forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
SHEIL, D. & BURSLEM, D. F. R. P., 2003. Disturbing hypotheses in tropical forests. Ecol. and Evol., 18(1): 18-26.
SNEATH, P. H. & SOKAL R. R., 1973. Numerical taxonomic. Freeman, San Francisco.
SUMINA, O. I., 1994. Plant communities on anthropogenically disturbed sites on Chukotka Peninsula, Russia. J. Veg. Sci., 5: 885- 896.
TABARELLI, M., MANTOVANI, W. & PERES C. A., 1999. Effects of habitat fragmentation on plant guild structure in the montane Atlantic forest of southeastern Brasil. Biological Conservation, 91: 119-127.
TEBORGH, J., FOSTER, R. B. & NUÑEZ, V. P., 1996. Tropical tree communities: A test of the nonequilibrium hypothesis. Ecology, 77: 561-567.
VALVERDE, B. O., 1998. Estructura forestal y patrones florísticos de dos bosques tropicales húmedos de la cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Brenesia, 49 (50): 39-60.
VÁZQUEZ, G., J. A. & GIVNISH, T. J., 1998. Altitudinal gradients in tropical forest composition, structure, and diversity in the Sierra of Manantlán. J. of Ecol., 86: 999-1020.
VÉLEZ, E. N., 1990. Desarrollo y Conservación de Bosques Tropicales: 41-52 (en) Guadalupe (ed.): Seminario de Bosque Tropicales. Bogotá D. E., Colombia.
WHITMORE, T. C., 1975. Tropical rain forests of the far east. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
___________, 1978. Gaps in the forest canopy: 639-655 (en) by P. B. TOMLINSON & M. H. ZIMMERMANN (eds.) Tropical Trees as Living System. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
__________, 1998. An introduction to tropical rain forest. Oxford University Press, New York.
WHITTAKER, J. A., 1956. Vegetation of the great smoky mountains. Ecological Monographs, 26: 1-80.
ZAR, J. H., 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. Fourth Edition. Prentice Hall. 663 pp.
BALCÁZAR, V. M. P., RANGEL, CH. J. O. & LINARES, C. E. L., 2000. Diversidad florística de la serranía de Las Quinchas, Magdalena medio (Colombia). Caldasia, 22 (2): 191-224.
BAWA, K. S. & MCDADE, L., 1994. The plant community: Composition, dynamics, and life-history processes–commentary: 68 p. (en) L. MCDADE, K. S. BAWA, H. A. HESPENHEIDE & G. S. HARTSHORN (eds.) La Selva: Ecology and Natural History of a Neotropical Rain Forest. The University of Chicago, Chicago, Illinois.
BUNDESTAG, G., 1990. Protecting the tropical forests: A high-priority international task. Second report of the enquete commission “Preventive Measures to Protect the Earth’s Atmosphere” of the XI German Bundestag. Bonn.
BURSLEM, D. F. R. P. & WHITMORE, T. C., 1999. Species diversity susceptibility to disturbance and tree population dynamics in tropical rain forest. J. Veg. Sci., 10: 767-776.
CASCANTE, M. A. & ESTRADA A. CH., 2001. Composición florística de un bosque húmedo premontano en el valle central de Costa Rica. Rev. Bio. Trop., 49 (1): 213-225.
CHAZDON, R. L., COWELL, R. D. DENSLOW, J. S., GUARIGUATTA, M. R., 1998. Statistical methods for stimating species richness of woody regenertation in primary and secondary rain forest of northeastern Costa Rica: 285-309 (in) DALLMEIER, F., COMINSKY, J. A. (eds.) Forest Biodiversity Research, Monitoring and Modeling Conceptual Background and Old World Cases Studies. Parthenon publishing, Paris.
COLWELL, R. K. & CODDINGTON, J. A., 1994. “Estimating terrestrial biodiversity through extrapolation”. Philosophical Transaction of the Royal Society of London. Series B, 345: 101-118.
COLWELL, R. K., 2000. Estimates statistical estimation of species richness and shared species from samples. User`s guide and application, http://viceroy.eeb.uconn.edu/estimates.
CUATRECASAS, J., 1958. Aspectos de la vegetación natural de Colombia. Ex. Fis. Nat., 10 (40): 221- 268.
ENQUIST, B. J. & NIKLAS, K. J. N., 2001. Invariant scaling relations across tree-dominated communities. Nature, 410: 655-660.
ESPINAL, T. S. & MONTENEGRO, M. E., 1963. Formaciones vegetales de Colombia. Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi. Bogotá, D.C. Colombia.
ETTER, A., 1993. Diversidad ecosistémica en Colombia hoy: 43-61 (en) Nuestra Diversidad Biológica, CEREC, Fundación Alejandro Ángel Escobar, Bogotá, D. C. Colombia.
FAO, 1993. The challenge of sustainable forest management. What Future for the World’s forests FAO? Roma, 128 pp.
GENTRY, A. H., 1982a. Patterns of neotropical plants species diversity. Evol. Biol., 15: 1-84.
___________, 1982b. Neotropical floristic diversity: Phytogeographical Connections between Central and South America. Pleistocene climatic fluctuations, or an accident of the Andean orogeny. Annals of the Missouri Bot. Garden, 69: 557-593.
____________, 1988. Changes in plant community diversity and floristic composition on environmental and geographical gradients. Ann. Missouri Bot. Garden, 75: 1-34.
HARTSHORN, G. S., 1978. Tree falls and tropical forest dynamics: 617- 638 (en) By P. B. TOMLINSON & M. H. ZIMMERMANN (eds.) Tropical Trees as living system. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
___________, 1980. Neotropical forest dynamics. Biotropica, 12 : 23-30.
HOLDRIDGE, L. R., 1979. Ecología basada en zonas de vida. Instituto Interamericano de Ciencias Agrícolas, San José, Costa rica.
HUBBELL, S. P., FOSTER, R. B., O`BRIEN, S. T., HARMS, K. E., CONDIT, R. WECHSLER, B., WRIGHT, S. J. & LOODE LAO, S., 1999. Light-gap disturbance, recruitment limitation, and tree diversity in a neotropical forest. Science, 283: 554-557.
KATTAN, G., 1997. Transformación de paisajes y transformación de hábitats (en) MARÍA ELFI CHAVES & NATALIA ARANGO (eds.) Causas de Pérdida de Biodiversidad. Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas Alexander Von Humboldt, Bogotá D.C. 76-87 pp.
LEE, S. M., CHAO, A., 1994. Estimating population size via sample coverage for closed capture-recapture models. Biometrics, 50: 88-97.
MAGURRAN, A. E., 2004. Measuring biological diversity, Backwell Science. Malden, MA, U.S.A.
MATTEUCCI, S. & COLMA, A., 1982. Metodología para el estudio de la vegetación. Secretaría General de la Organización de Estados Americanos (OEA). Washington D.C., USA.
MENDOZA, J. E., JIMÉNEZ, F. H., LOZANO-ZAMBRANO, P., CAYCEDO-ROSALES & RENJIFO, L. M., 2005. Identificación de elementos del paisaje prioritarios para la conservación de biodiversidad en paisajes rurales de los andes centrales de Colombia (en) SAENZ, J. & C. A. HARVEY, Conservación de Biodiversidad en Paisajes Fragmentados y Agropaisajes. Editorial UNA. Heredia. Costa rica.
MORÍ, S. & BOOM, B., 1987. The Lecythidaceae of a lowland neotropical forest: La Fumeé Motain, French Guiana. Mem. New York .Bot. Garden, 44: 9-29.
REDFORD, K. H., TABER, A. & SIMONETTI, J. A., 1990. There is more to biodiversity than the tropical rain forest. Conservation Biology, 4: 238-330.
RICHARDS, P. W., 1952. The tropical rain forest. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
SHEIL, D. & BURSLEM, D. F. R. P., 2003. Disturbing hypotheses in tropical forests. Ecol. and Evol., 18(1): 18-26.
SNEATH, P. H. & SOKAL R. R., 1973. Numerical taxonomic. Freeman, San Francisco.
SUMINA, O. I., 1994. Plant communities on anthropogenically disturbed sites on Chukotka Peninsula, Russia. J. Veg. Sci., 5: 885- 896.
TABARELLI, M., MANTOVANI, W. & PERES C. A., 1999. Effects of habitat fragmentation on plant guild structure in the montane Atlantic forest of southeastern Brasil. Biological Conservation, 91: 119-127.
TEBORGH, J., FOSTER, R. B. & NUÑEZ, V. P., 1996. Tropical tree communities: A test of the nonequilibrium hypothesis. Ecology, 77: 561-567.
VALVERDE, B. O., 1998. Estructura forestal y patrones florísticos de dos bosques tropicales húmedos de la cordillera de Talamanca, Costa Rica. Brenesia, 49 (50): 39-60.
VÁZQUEZ, G., J. A. & GIVNISH, T. J., 1998. Altitudinal gradients in tropical forest composition, structure, and diversity in the Sierra of Manantlán. J. of Ecol., 86: 999-1020.
VÉLEZ, E. N., 1990. Desarrollo y Conservación de Bosques Tropicales: 41-52 (en) Guadalupe (ed.): Seminario de Bosque Tropicales. Bogotá D. E., Colombia.
WHITMORE, T. C., 1975. Tropical rain forests of the far east. Oxford University Press, Oxford.
___________, 1978. Gaps in the forest canopy: 639-655 (en) by P. B. TOMLINSON & M. H. ZIMMERMANN (eds.) Tropical Trees as Living System. Cambridge University Press, Cambridge.
__________, 1998. An introduction to tropical rain forest. Oxford University Press, New York.
WHITTAKER, J. A., 1956. Vegetation of the great smoky mountains. Ecological Monographs, 26: 1-80.
ZAR, J. H., 1999. Biostatistical Analysis. Fourth Edition. Prentice Hall. 663 pp.
