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Publication Date: 2012-01-01
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Soto G., A., Venzon, M., & Pallini, A. (2012). Lethal and subletal effects of alternatives against Tetranychus evansi (acari: tetranychidae). Boletín Científico. Centro De Museos, 16(1), 120–131. Retrieved from https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/boletincientifico/article/view/4583
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Abstract
The phytophagous mite Tetranychus evansi is characterized by its high reproductive, capacity which allows for its ability to attain high populations in a short time and cause economic damage. The objective of this study was to evaluate commercial products based on Azadirachtina and syrup sulfocálcico to control T. evansi in greenhouses. Lethal toxicity and sublethal effects on population growth (ri) of T. evansi products Neem Pro (0.08 and 0.07 mg/L of Azadirachtina), Natuneem (1.4 and 0.89 mg ai/L), Organic Neem (0.37 and 0.28 mg ai/L) and lime sulphur (1.0 and 0.6% to 31.5 ºBé) were initially studied in the laboratory. Lethal toxicity and sublethal effects on population growth (ri) of T. evansi products Neem Pro (0.08 and 0.07 mg/L of Azadirachtina), Natuneem (1.4 and 0.89 mg ai/L), Organic Neem (0.37 and 0.28 mg ai/L) and lime sulphur (1.0 and 0.6% to 31.5 0Bé) were initially studied in the laboratory. Later in a greenhouse, the control potential for concentrations corresponding to the LC95 of the products was evaluated and those where population growth was stable (ri =0). Experimental design, was completely randomized, with three replicates. Application of the products resulted in the improved efficiency of control over time, and this efficiency increased with the duration of exposure. The reduction percentage of phytophagous mite population was over 98%, after ten days of application. The management of T. evansi on tomatoes could be made possible by the use of products based on Azadirachtina and syrup sulfocálcico.
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References
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BOLLAND, H.R., VALA, F., 2000. First record of the spider mite Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Portugal. Entomologische Berichte, 60:180-186.
BRITO H.M., GUEDES, M., VARGAS, J. & GOMES, C.A., 2006. Toxicidade de Natuneem sobre Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) e ácaros predadores da família Phytoseiidae. Ciência e Agrotecnología, 30: 75-78.
CAMPANHOLA, C. & BETTIOL, W., 2003. Panorama sobre o uso de agrotóxicos no Brasil: 13-51 (in) CAMPANHOLA, C., BETTIOL, W. (ed.) Métodos alternativos de controle fitossanitário. Jaguariúna. Embrapa Meio Ambiente.
CASTIGLIONI, E., VENDRAMIM, J.D., TAMAI, M.A., 2002. Evaluación del efecto tóxico de extractos acuosos y derivados de meliáceas sobre Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Agrociência, 6: 75-82.
CHAGAS, P.R.R., TOKESHI, H. & ALVES, M.C., 2001. Efficiency of lime sulfur in the control of the twospotted mite in papaya in conventional and organic (Bokashi- EM) systems: 255-258 (in) CONFERENCE ON KYUSEI NATURE FARMING, 6. Pretoria. ProceedingsJapan/Atami: INFRC. P. 255-258.
D'ANDRÉA, P.A., 2001. Aspectos práticos e tendências no uso dos fertiprotetores: 97- 101 (in) HEIN, M. (org.) Resumos do Encontro de Processos de Proteção de Plantas: controle ecológico de pragas e doenças. Agroecológica Botucatu.
DIMETRY, N.Z.,AMER, S.A.A. & REDA, A.S., 1993. Biological activity of two neem seed kernel extracts against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Journal of Applied Entomology, 116: 308-312.
EASTERBROOK, M.A., FITZGERALD, J.D. & SOLOMON, M.G., 2001. Biological control of strawberry tarsonemid mite Phytonemus pallidus and two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on strawberry in the UK using species of Neoseiulus (Amblyseius) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 25: 25-36.
FERRAGUT, F. & ESCUDERO, L.A., 2002. La araña roja del tomate Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) en España: distribución, biología y control. Phytoma, 25: 11-113.
FILGUEIRA, F.A.R., 2000. Novo manual de olericultura-agrotecnologia moderna na produção e comercialização de hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV, Brasil. 402 p.
FINNEY, D.J., 1971. Probit analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 333 p.
FRAGOSO, D.B., GUEDES, R.N.C., PICANÇO, M.C. & ZAMBOLIM, L., 2002. Insecticide use and organophosphate resistance in the coffee leaf miner Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 92: 203-212.
GUERRA, M.S., 1985. Receituário caseiro: alternativa para o controle de pragas e doenças de plantas cultivadas e seus produtos. Brasília: EMATER. 166 p.
GUIRADO, N., 2001. Extrato de plantas no controle da leprose dos citros: 147-159 (n) HEIN, M. (org.) Primer Encontro de Processos Proteção Plantas: Controle ecológico de pragas e doenças. Agroecológica, Botucatu.
HENDERSON, C.F. & TILTON, E.W., 1955. Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48: 157-161.
KNAPP, M., WAGENER, B. & NAVAJAS, M., 2003. Molecular discrimination between the spider mite Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, an important pest of tomatoes in southern Africa and the closely related species T. urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). African Entomology, 2: 300-304.
MANSOUR, F.A., ASCHER, K.R.S. & OMARI, N., 1997. Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the predacious mite Phytoseiulus persimilis and the phytophagous mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica, 15: 125-130.
MANSOUR, F.A. & ASCHER, K.R.S., 1983. Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica, 11: 177-185.
MARTINEZ, S.S., 2002. O nim Azadirachta indica: Natureza, Usos Múltiplos, Produção. Londrina, IAPARInstituto Agronômico do Paraná. 142 p.
MIGEON, A., 2005. Un nouvel acarien ravageur en France: Tetranychus evansi Baker et Pritchard. Phytoma, La Défense des Végétaux, 579: 38-42.
MOMEN, F.M., REDA, A.S. & AMER, S.A.A., 1997. Effect of Neem Azal-F on Tetranychus urticae and three predacious mites of the family Phytoseiidae. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 32: 355-362.
MONTAG, J., SCHREIBER, L. & SCHONHERR, J., 2005. An in vitro study on the infection activities of hydrated lime and lime sulphur against apple scab (Venturia inaequalis). Journal of Phytopathology, 153: 485-491.
MORAES, G.J. & MCMURTRY, J.A., 1986. Suitability of the spider mite Tetranychus evansi as prey for Phytoseiulus persimilis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 40: 109-115.
MORAES, G.J. & FLECHTMANN, C.H.W., 2008. Manual de Acarologia: acarologia básica e ácaros de plantas cultivadas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Holos. 288 p.
MORDUE, A.J. & NISBET, A.J., 2000. Azadirachtin from the neem tree Azadirachta indica: its action against insects. Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 29: 615-632.
MOURA, A.P. & ROCHA, L.C., 2006. Seletivos e eficientes. Culturas Horticola e Frutas. Revista Brasileira De Agrociência Pelotas, 6 (36): 6-8.
MOURÃO, S.A., SILVA, J.C.T., GUEDES, R.N.C., VENZON, M., JHAM, G.N., OLIVEIRA, C.L. & ZANUNCIO,J.C.,2004. Seletividade de extratos de nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) ao ácaro predador Iphiseiodes zuluagai (Denmark & Muma) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Neotropiocal Entomology, 33: 613-617.
OVERMEER, W.P.J. & VAN ZON, A.Q., 1982. A standardized method for testing the side effect of pesticides on the predaceous mite, Amblyseius potentillae (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Entomophaga, 27: 357-364.
PENTEADO, S.R., 2000. Controle alternativo de pragas e doenças com as caldas bordalesa, sulfocálcica e Viçosa. Buena Mendes Gráfica e Editora, Campinas. 95 p.
PICANÇO, M.C., SOTO, A., BACCI, L., FIDELIS, E.G., SILVA,G.A. & DE SENA, M.E., 2007. Controle biológico das principais pragas de hortaliças no Brasil: 505-537 () ZAMBOLIM, L. (d.) Manejo integrado de doenças e pragas hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV.
POTTER, C., 1952. An improved laboratory apparatus for applying direct sprays and surface films, with data on the electrostatic charge on atomized spray fims. Annals of Applied Biology, 39: 1-29.
REIS, P.R., CHIAVEGATO, L.G., MORAES, G.J., ALVES, E.B. & SOUSA, E.O., 1998. Seletividade de agroquímicos ao ácaro predador Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 27: 265-274.
SABELIS, M.W. & BAKKER, F.M., 1992. How predatory mites cope with the web of their tetranychid prey: a functional view on dorsal chaetotaxy in the Phytoseiidae. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 16: 203-225.
SCHMUTTERER, H., 1987. Insect growth-disrupting and fecundity reducing ingredients from the neem and chinaberry trees119-170 (In) MORGAN, E. D. & MANDAVA, N.B. (eds.) CRC Handbook of natural pesticides. Florida, CRC series in naturally occurringpesticides. 453 p.
SOTO, A., 2009. Control del ácaro Oligonychus ilicis con calda sulfocálcica. Revista Agronomía, 17 (1): 7-11.
SOTO, A., VENZON, M. & PALLINI, A., 2011. Integración de control biológico y de productos alternativos contra Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Revista U.D.C.A. Actualidad y Divulgación Científica, 14 (1): 23-29.
SPOLLEN, K.M. & ISMAN, M.B., 1996. Acute and sublethal effects of a neem insecticide on the commercial biological control agents Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 89: 1379-1386.
STARK, J.D. & BANKS, J.E., 2003. Population-level effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 505-519.
STARK, J.D., VARGAS, R.I., MESSING, R.H. & PURCELL, M., 1992. Effects of cyromazine and diazinon on three economically important Hawaiian tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their endoparasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 85: 1687-1694.
SMILANICK, J.L. & SORENSON, D., 2001. Control of postharvest decay of citrus fruit with calcium polysulfide, Postharves. Biology and Technology, 21: 157-168.
VENZON, M., TUELHER, E.S., SOTO, A., OLIVEIRA, H.G. & PALLINI, A., 2008. Controle of coffee red mit Oligonychus ilicis with lime sulphur at three different scales: 257 (in) Abstracts of 22 International Conference on Coffee Science. Campinas: ASIC.
VENZON, M., PALLINI, A., FADINI, M.A.M., OLIVEIRA, H., MIRANDA, V.S., DE ANDRADE, A.P.S., 2007. Controle alternativo de ácaros em hortaliças: 607-625 (n) ZAMBOLIM, L. (d.) Manejo integrado de doenças e pragas hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV.
BOLLAND, H.R., VALA, F., 2000. First record of the spider mite Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) from Portugal. Entomologische Berichte, 60:180-186.
BRITO H.M., GUEDES, M., VARGAS, J. & GOMES, C.A., 2006. Toxicidade de Natuneem sobre Tetranychus urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae) e ácaros predadores da família Phytoseiidae. Ciência e Agrotecnología, 30: 75-78.
CAMPANHOLA, C. & BETTIOL, W., 2003. Panorama sobre o uso de agrotóxicos no Brasil: 13-51 (in) CAMPANHOLA, C., BETTIOL, W. (ed.) Métodos alternativos de controle fitossanitário. Jaguariúna. Embrapa Meio Ambiente.
CASTIGLIONI, E., VENDRAMIM, J.D., TAMAI, M.A., 2002. Evaluación del efecto tóxico de extractos acuosos y derivados de meliáceas sobre Tetranychus urticae (Koch) (Acari: Tetranychidae). Agrociência, 6: 75-82.
CHAGAS, P.R.R., TOKESHI, H. & ALVES, M.C., 2001. Efficiency of lime sulfur in the control of the twospotted mite in papaya in conventional and organic (Bokashi- EM) systems: 255-258 (in) CONFERENCE ON KYUSEI NATURE FARMING, 6. Pretoria. ProceedingsJapan/Atami: INFRC. P. 255-258.
D'ANDRÉA, P.A., 2001. Aspectos práticos e tendências no uso dos fertiprotetores: 97- 101 (in) HEIN, M. (org.) Resumos do Encontro de Processos de Proteção de Plantas: controle ecológico de pragas e doenças. Agroecológica Botucatu.
DIMETRY, N.Z.,AMER, S.A.A. & REDA, A.S., 1993. Biological activity of two neem seed kernel extracts against the two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae Koch. Journal of Applied Entomology, 116: 308-312.
EASTERBROOK, M.A., FITZGERALD, J.D. & SOLOMON, M.G., 2001. Biological control of strawberry tarsonemid mite Phytonemus pallidus and two-spotted spider mite Tetranychus urticae on strawberry in the UK using species of Neoseiulus (Amblyseius) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Experimental and Applied Acarology, 25: 25-36.
FERRAGUT, F. & ESCUDERO, L.A., 2002. La araña roja del tomate Tetranychus evansi (Acari: Tetranychidae) en España: distribución, biología y control. Phytoma, 25: 11-113.
FILGUEIRA, F.A.R., 2000. Novo manual de olericultura-agrotecnologia moderna na produção e comercialização de hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV, Brasil. 402 p.
FINNEY, D.J., 1971. Probit analysis. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. 333 p.
FRAGOSO, D.B., GUEDES, R.N.C., PICANÇO, M.C. & ZAMBOLIM, L., 2002. Insecticide use and organophosphate resistance in the coffee leaf miner Leucoptera coffeella (Lepidoptera: Lyonetiidae). Bulletin of Entomological Research, 92: 203-212.
GUERRA, M.S., 1985. Receituário caseiro: alternativa para o controle de pragas e doenças de plantas cultivadas e seus produtos. Brasília: EMATER. 166 p.
GUIRADO, N., 2001. Extrato de plantas no controle da leprose dos citros: 147-159 (n) HEIN, M. (org.) Primer Encontro de Processos Proteção Plantas: Controle ecológico de pragas e doenças. Agroecológica, Botucatu.
HENDERSON, C.F. & TILTON, E.W., 1955. Tests with acaricides against the brown wheat mite. Journal of Economic Entomology, 48: 157-161.
KNAPP, M., WAGENER, B. & NAVAJAS, M., 2003. Molecular discrimination between the spider mite Tetranychus evansi Baker & Pritchard, an important pest of tomatoes in southern Africa and the closely related species T. urticae Koch (Acari: Tetranychidae). African Entomology, 2: 300-304.
MANSOUR, F.A., ASCHER, K.R.S. & OMARI, N., 1997. Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the predacious mite Phytoseiulus persimilis and the phytophagous mite Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica, 15: 125-130.
MANSOUR, F.A. & ASCHER, K.R.S., 1983. Effects of neem (Azadirachta indica) seed kernel extracts from different solvents on the carmine spider mite, Tetranychus cinnabarinus. Phytoparasitica, 11: 177-185.
MARTINEZ, S.S., 2002. O nim Azadirachta indica: Natureza, Usos Múltiplos, Produção. Londrina, IAPARInstituto Agronômico do Paraná. 142 p.
MIGEON, A., 2005. Un nouvel acarien ravageur en France: Tetranychus evansi Baker et Pritchard. Phytoma, La Défense des Végétaux, 579: 38-42.
MOMEN, F.M., REDA, A.S. & AMER, S.A.A., 1997. Effect of Neem Azal-F on Tetranychus urticae and three predacious mites of the family Phytoseiidae. Acta Phytopathologica et Entomologica Hungarica, 32: 355-362.
MONTAG, J., SCHREIBER, L. & SCHONHERR, J., 2005. An in vitro study on the infection activities of hydrated lime and lime sulphur against apple scab (Venturia inaequalis). Journal of Phytopathology, 153: 485-491.
MORAES, G.J. & MCMURTRY, J.A., 1986. Suitability of the spider mite Tetranychus evansi as prey for Phytoseiulus persimilis. Entomologia Experimentalis et Applicata, 40: 109-115.
MORAES, G.J. & FLECHTMANN, C.H.W., 2008. Manual de Acarologia: acarologia básica e ácaros de plantas cultivadas no Brasil. Ribeirão Preto: Holos. 288 p.
MORDUE, A.J. & NISBET, A.J., 2000. Azadirachtin from the neem tree Azadirachta indica: its action against insects. Anais da Sociedade Entomológica do Brasil, 29: 615-632.
MOURA, A.P. & ROCHA, L.C., 2006. Seletivos e eficientes. Culturas Horticola e Frutas. Revista Brasileira De Agrociência Pelotas, 6 (36): 6-8.
MOURÃO, S.A., SILVA, J.C.T., GUEDES, R.N.C., VENZON, M., JHAM, G.N., OLIVEIRA, C.L. & ZANUNCIO,J.C.,2004. Seletividade de extratos de nim (Azadirachta indica A. Juss.) ao ácaro predador Iphiseiodes zuluagai (Denmark & Muma) (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Neotropiocal Entomology, 33: 613-617.
OVERMEER, W.P.J. & VAN ZON, A.Q., 1982. A standardized method for testing the side effect of pesticides on the predaceous mite, Amblyseius potentillae (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Entomophaga, 27: 357-364.
PENTEADO, S.R., 2000. Controle alternativo de pragas e doenças com as caldas bordalesa, sulfocálcica e Viçosa. Buena Mendes Gráfica e Editora, Campinas. 95 p.
PICANÇO, M.C., SOTO, A., BACCI, L., FIDELIS, E.G., SILVA,G.A. & DE SENA, M.E., 2007. Controle biológico das principais pragas de hortaliças no Brasil: 505-537 () ZAMBOLIM, L. (d.) Manejo integrado de doenças e pragas hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV.
POTTER, C., 1952. An improved laboratory apparatus for applying direct sprays and surface films, with data on the electrostatic charge on atomized spray fims. Annals of Applied Biology, 39: 1-29.
REIS, P.R., CHIAVEGATO, L.G., MORAES, G.J., ALVES, E.B. & SOUSA, E.O., 1998. Seletividade de agroquímicos ao ácaro predador Iphiseiodes zuluagai Denmark & Muma (Acari: Phytoseiidae). Anais da Sociedade Entomologica do Brasil, 27: 265-274.
SABELIS, M.W. & BAKKER, F.M., 1992. How predatory mites cope with the web of their tetranychid prey: a functional view on dorsal chaetotaxy in the Phytoseiidae. Experimental and Applied Acarology, 16: 203-225.
SCHMUTTERER, H., 1987. Insect growth-disrupting and fecundity reducing ingredients from the neem and chinaberry trees119-170 (In) MORGAN, E. D. & MANDAVA, N.B. (eds.) CRC Handbook of natural pesticides. Florida, CRC series in naturally occurringpesticides. 453 p.
SOTO, A., 2009. Control del ácaro Oligonychus ilicis con calda sulfocálcica. Revista Agronomía, 17 (1): 7-11.
SOTO, A., VENZON, M. & PALLINI, A., 2011. Integración de control biológico y de productos alternativos contra Tetranychus urticae (Acari: Tetranychidae). Revista U.D.C.A. Actualidad y Divulgación Científica, 14 (1): 23-29.
SPOLLEN, K.M. & ISMAN, M.B., 1996. Acute and sublethal effects of a neem insecticide on the commercial biological control agents Phytoseiulus persimilis and Amblyseius cucumeris (Acari: Phytoseiidae) and Aphidoletes aphidimyza (Diptera: Cecidomyiidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 89: 1379-1386.
STARK, J.D. & BANKS, J.E., 2003. Population-level effects of pesticides and other toxicants on arthropods. Annual Review of Entomology, 48: 505-519.
STARK, J.D., VARGAS, R.I., MESSING, R.H. & PURCELL, M., 1992. Effects of cyromazine and diazinon on three economically important Hawaiian tephritid fruit flies (Diptera: Tephritidae) and their endoparasitoids (Hymenoptera: Braconidae). Journal of Economic Entomology, 85: 1687-1694.
SMILANICK, J.L. & SORENSON, D., 2001. Control of postharvest decay of citrus fruit with calcium polysulfide, Postharves. Biology and Technology, 21: 157-168.
VENZON, M., TUELHER, E.S., SOTO, A., OLIVEIRA, H.G. & PALLINI, A., 2008. Controle of coffee red mit Oligonychus ilicis with lime sulphur at three different scales: 257 (in) Abstracts of 22 International Conference on Coffee Science. Campinas: ASIC.
VENZON, M., PALLINI, A., FADINI, M.A.M., OLIVEIRA, H., MIRANDA, V.S., DE ANDRADE, A.P.S., 2007. Controle alternativo de ácaros em hortaliças: 607-625 (n) ZAMBOLIM, L. (d.) Manejo integrado de doenças e pragas hortaliças. Viçosa: UFV.
