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Ramos-Pastrana, Y., Rafael, J. A., & Wolff, M. (2019). Pig (sus scrof) decomposition in lotic and lentic aquatic systems as tool for determination a postmortem submersion interval in the andean amazon, Caquetá, Colombia. Boletín Científico. Centro De Museos, 23(1), 55–72. https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2019.23.1.3
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Abstract
Objectives: Analyze the succession of insects associated with the decomposition of bodies in two aquatic ecosystems in the Andean Amazon. Scope: Provide information on the insects associated with bodies that decompose within aquatic habitats and the duration times of each decomposition phase as a tool for the determination of the post-mortem submerged interval (PMSI). Methodology: Three carcasses were placed in a stream and three in a lake, the sampling carried out every five hours, from the moment of death to its skeletonization. Main results: Total decomposition lasted for 14 days in the stream and 16 days in the lake. Six decomposition stages were observed: submerged fresh, early floating, floating decay, bloated deterioration, floating remains and sunken remains. A total of 1172 organisms were collected on the carcasses in the stream and 1585 in the lake. Trophic relationships identified were: Shredders, collectors, predators, necrophages, sarcosaprophages and incidentals. In the stream, the caddisfly shredders were the most representative organisms in the submerged fresh stage. In the lake, the mayfly shredders, and hemipterous and odonate predators, were the most representative organisms in the early floating stage. The necrophagous and sarcosaprophagous diptera were the most representative organisms in the stages exposed to the surface in both ecosystems. Conclusions: The PMSI for both carcasses was similar in the two habitats, each showing six stages of decomposition, confirming that decomposition in lotic and lentic ecosystems is different from that observed for terrestrial environments.
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References
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BRWON, B.V., BORKENT, A., CUMMING, J.M., WOOD, D.M. & ZUMBADO, M.A., 2010.- Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. II. Ottawa: Research Press.
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CAMPOBASSO, C.P., DI VELLA, G. & INTRONA, F., 2001.- Factors affecting decomposition and Dipteran colonization. Forensic Sci. Int., 120(1-2): 18-27.
CARVALHO, C.J.B. & RIBEIRO, P.B., 2000.- Chave de identificaçao das espécies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) do Sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet., 9: 169-173.
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CATTS, P. & GOFF, M.L., 1992.- Forensic entomology in criminal investigations. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 37: 253-272.
CHALONER, D.T., WIPFLI, M.S. & CAOUETTE, J.P., 2002.- Mass loss and macroinvertebrate colonization of Pacific salmon carcasses in southeastern Alaskan streams. Freshwater Biol., 47(2): 263-273.
COLWELL, R.K., 2013.- EstimateS: Statistical estaimation of species richnees and shared species from samples. Version 9.
FERNÁNDEZ, F., 2003.- Introducción a las hormigas de la región neotropical. Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.
FERNÁNDEZ, F. & SHARKEY, M.J., 2006.- Introducción a los Hymenoptera de la región neotropical. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
FLÓREZ, E. & WOLFF, M., 2009.- Descripción y clave de los estadios inmaduros de las principales especies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) de importancia forense en Colombia. Neotropical Entomology, 38: 418-429.
HASKELL, N.H., MAC SHAFFERY, D.G., HAWLEY, D.A., WILLIAMS, R.E. & PLESS, J.E., 1989.- Use of aquatic insects in determining submersion interval. J. Forensic Sci., 34(3): 622-632.
HOBISCHACK, N.R., 1998.- Freshwater invertebrate succession and decompositional studies on carrion in British Columbia. Ottawa: Canadian Police Research Center.
HOBISCHAK, N.R. & ANDERSON, G.S., 1999.- Freshwater-related death investigations in British Columbia in 1995-1996, a review of coroners cases. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J., 32: 97-106.
HOBISCHAK, N.R. & ANDERSON, G.S., 2002.- Time of submergence using aquatic invertebrate succession and decompositional changes. J. Forensic Sci., 47(1): 142-151.
HOBISCHAK, N.R., VANLAERHOVEN, S.L. & ANDERSON, G.S., 2006.- Successional patterns of diversity in insect fauna on carrion in sun and shade in the Boreal Forest Region of Canada, near Edmonton, Alberta. Canadian Entomologist., 138: 376-383.
INSTITUTO AMAZÓNICO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, 2007.- Balance anual sobe el estado de los ecosistemas y el ambiente de la Amazonia colombiana. Bogotá: Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas.
INSTITUTO GEOGRAFICO AGUSTIN CODAZZI, 2010.- Caquetá características geográficas. Bogotá: Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi.
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE MEDICINA LEGAL Y CIENCIAS FORENSES, 2017.- Información estadística hechos ocurridos en el departamento de Caquetá años 2010 a 2016. Bogotá: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses.
KEIPER, J.B. & CASAMATTA, D.A., 2001.- Benthic organisms as forensic indicators. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 20(2): 311-324.
KNIGHT, B., 1997.- Simpson’s Forensic Medicine. London: Oxford University Press.
MAGNI, P.A., VENN, C., AQUILA, I., PEPE, F., RICCI, P. & NUNZIO, D.C., et al., 2015.- Evaluation of the floating time of a corpse found in a marine environments using the barnacle Lepas anatifera L. (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Pedunculata). Forensic Sci. Int., 247: e6-e10.
MERRITT, R.W. & CUMMINS, R.W., 1996.- An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
MERRITT, R.W. & WALLACE, J.R., 2010.- The role of aquatic insects in forensic investigations: 272-313 (in) BYRD, J.H. & CASTNER, J.L. (eds.) Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
NAVARRETE-HEREDIA, J.L., NEWTON, A.F., THAYER, M.K., ASHE, J.S. & CHANDLER, D.S., 2002.- Guía ilustrada para los géneros de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) de México. Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara, CONABIO.
NAWROCKI, S.P., PLES, J.E., HAWLEY, D.A. & WAGNER, S.A., 1997.- Fluvial transport of human crania: 529-552 (in) HAGLUND, W.D. & SORG, M.H (eds.) Forensic taphonomy. The postmortem fate of human remains. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
PAYNE, J.A., 1965.- A summer carrion study of the baby pig Sus scrofa Linnaeus. Ecology., 46: 592-602.
PUJOL-LUZ, J.R., COSTA FRANCEZ, P.A., URURAHY-RODRIGUES, A. & CONSTANTINO, R., 2008.- The Black Soldierfly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), used to estimate the post-mortem interval in a case in Amapa’ State, Brazil. J. Forensic Sci., 53(2): 476-478.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y. & WOLFF, M., 2011.- Entomofauna cadavérica asociada a cerdos expuestos al sol y sombra, en el piedemonte amazónico colombiano. Revista Momentos de Ciencia, 8(1): 45-54.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y., VELASQUEZ-VALENCIA, A. & WOLFF, M., 2014.- Preliminary study of insects associated to indoor body decay in Colombia. Rev. Bras. Entomol., 58(4): 326-332.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y. & WOLFF, M., 2017.- Postmortem interval estimation based on Chysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in a forensic case in the Andean Amazon, Caquetá, Colombia. Acta Amazonica, 47(4): 369-374.
ROLDAN, G., 1996.- Guía para el estudio de los macroinvertebrados acuáticos del departamento de Antioquia. Bogotá: Fondo para la Protección del Medio Ambiente “José Celestino Mutis”.
SMITH, K., 1986.- A Manual of Forensic Entomology. Department of Entomology British Museum (Natural History). New York: Cornell University Press.
SORG, M.H., DEARBORN, J.H., MONAHAN, E.J., RYAN, H.F., SWEENEY, K.G. & DAVID, E., 1997.- Forensic taphonomy in marine contexts: 531-584 (in) HAGLUND, W.D. & SORG, M.H. (eds.) Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
TOMBERLIN, J.K. & ADLER, P.H., 1998.- Seasonal colonization and decomposition of rat carrion in water and on land in an open field in South Carolina. J. Med. Entomol., 35(5): 704-709.
WALLACE, J.R., MERRITT, R.W., KIMBARAUSKAS, R., BENBOW, M.E. & MCINTOSH, M., 2008.- Caddisfly cases assist homicide case: Determining a postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) using aquatic insects. J. Forensic Sci., 53(1): 1-3.
ANDERSON, G.S., 2010.- Factors that influence insect succession on carrion: 201-250 (in) BYRD, J.H. & CASTNER, J.L. (eds.) Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
BARRIOS, M. & WOLFF, M., 2011.- Initial study of arthropods succession and pig carrion decomposition in two freshwater ecosystems in the Colombian Andes. Forensic Sci. Int., 212(1-3): 164-172.
BRWON, B.V., BORKENT, A., CUMMING, J.M., WOOD, D.M. & ZUMBADO, M.A., 2009.- Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. I. Ottawa: Research Press.
BRWON, B.V., BORKENT, A., CUMMING, J.M., WOOD, D.M. & ZUMBADO, M.A., 2010.- Manual of Central American Diptera. Vol. II. Ottawa: Research Press.
BYRD, J.H. & CASTNER, J.L., 2010.- Insects of forensic importance: 39-126 (in) BYRD, J.H. & CASTNER, J.L. (eds.) Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
CAMPOBASSO, C.P., DI VELLA, G. & INTRONA, F., 2001.- Factors affecting decomposition and Dipteran colonization. Forensic Sci. Int., 120(1-2): 18-27.
CARVALHO, C.J.B. & RIBEIRO, P.B., 2000.- Chave de identificaçao das espécies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) do Sul do Brasil. Rev Bras Parasitol Vet., 9: 169-173.
CARVALHO, C.J.B., RAFAEL, J.A. & COURI, S.M., 2012.- Diptera: 701-743 (in) RAFAEL, J.A., MELO, G.A.R., CARVALHO, C.J.B., CASARI, S.A. & CONSTANTINO, R. (eds.) Insetos do Brasil, Diversidade e Taxonomia. Ribeirao Preto: Holos Editora.
CATTS, P. & GOFF, M.L., 1992.- Forensic entomology in criminal investigations. Annu. Rev. Entomol., 37: 253-272.
CHALONER, D.T., WIPFLI, M.S. & CAOUETTE, J.P., 2002.- Mass loss and macroinvertebrate colonization of Pacific salmon carcasses in southeastern Alaskan streams. Freshwater Biol., 47(2): 263-273.
COLWELL, R.K., 2013.- EstimateS: Statistical estaimation of species richnees and shared species from samples. Version 9.
FERNÁNDEZ, F., 2003.- Introducción a las hormigas de la región neotropical. Bogotá: Instituto de Investigación de Recursos Biológicos Alexander von Humboldt.
FERNÁNDEZ, F. & SHARKEY, M.J., 2006.- Introducción a los Hymenoptera de la región neotropical. Bogotá: Sociedad Colombiana de Entomología, Universidad Nacional de Colombia.
FLÓREZ, E. & WOLFF, M., 2009.- Descripción y clave de los estadios inmaduros de las principales especies de Calliphoridae (Diptera) de importancia forense en Colombia. Neotropical Entomology, 38: 418-429.
HASKELL, N.H., MAC SHAFFERY, D.G., HAWLEY, D.A., WILLIAMS, R.E. & PLESS, J.E., 1989.- Use of aquatic insects in determining submersion interval. J. Forensic Sci., 34(3): 622-632.
HOBISCHACK, N.R., 1998.- Freshwater invertebrate succession and decompositional studies on carrion in British Columbia. Ottawa: Canadian Police Research Center.
HOBISCHAK, N.R. & ANDERSON, G.S., 1999.- Freshwater-related death investigations in British Columbia in 1995-1996, a review of coroners cases. Can. Soc. Forensic Sci. J., 32: 97-106.
HOBISCHAK, N.R. & ANDERSON, G.S., 2002.- Time of submergence using aquatic invertebrate succession and decompositional changes. J. Forensic Sci., 47(1): 142-151.
HOBISCHAK, N.R., VANLAERHOVEN, S.L. & ANDERSON, G.S., 2006.- Successional patterns of diversity in insect fauna on carrion in sun and shade in the Boreal Forest Region of Canada, near Edmonton, Alberta. Canadian Entomologist., 138: 376-383.
INSTITUTO AMAZÓNICO DE INVESTIGACIONES CIENTÍFICAS, 2007.- Balance anual sobe el estado de los ecosistemas y el ambiente de la Amazonia colombiana. Bogotá: Instituto Amazónico de Investigaciones Científicas.
INSTITUTO GEOGRAFICO AGUSTIN CODAZZI, 2010.- Caquetá características geográficas. Bogotá: Instituto Geográfico Agustín Codazzi.
INSTITUTO NACIONAL DE MEDICINA LEGAL Y CIENCIAS FORENSES, 2017.- Información estadística hechos ocurridos en el departamento de Caquetá años 2010 a 2016. Bogotá: Instituto Nacional de Medicina Legal y Ciencias Forenses.
KEIPER, J.B. & CASAMATTA, D.A., 2001.- Benthic organisms as forensic indicators. J. N. Am. Benthol. Soc., 20(2): 311-324.
KNIGHT, B., 1997.- Simpson’s Forensic Medicine. London: Oxford University Press.
MAGNI, P.A., VENN, C., AQUILA, I., PEPE, F., RICCI, P. & NUNZIO, D.C., et al., 2015.- Evaluation of the floating time of a corpse found in a marine environments using the barnacle Lepas anatifera L. (Crustacea: Cirripedia: Pedunculata). Forensic Sci. Int., 247: e6-e10.
MERRITT, R.W. & CUMMINS, R.W., 1996.- An Introduction to the Aquatic Insects of North America. Iowa: Kendall/Hunt Publishing Company.
MERRITT, R.W. & WALLACE, J.R., 2010.- The role of aquatic insects in forensic investigations: 272-313 (in) BYRD, J.H. & CASTNER, J.L. (eds.) Forensic Entomology: The Utility of Arthropods in Legal Investigations. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
NAVARRETE-HEREDIA, J.L., NEWTON, A.F., THAYER, M.K., ASHE, J.S. & CHANDLER, D.S., 2002.- Guía ilustrada para los géneros de Staphylinidae (Coleoptera) de México. Guadalajara: Universidad de Guadalajara, CONABIO.
NAWROCKI, S.P., PLES, J.E., HAWLEY, D.A. & WAGNER, S.A., 1997.- Fluvial transport of human crania: 529-552 (in) HAGLUND, W.D. & SORG, M.H (eds.) Forensic taphonomy. The postmortem fate of human remains. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
PAYNE, J.A., 1965.- A summer carrion study of the baby pig Sus scrofa Linnaeus. Ecology., 46: 592-602.
PUJOL-LUZ, J.R., COSTA FRANCEZ, P.A., URURAHY-RODRIGUES, A. & CONSTANTINO, R., 2008.- The Black Soldierfly, Hermetia illucens (Diptera, Stratiomyidae), used to estimate the post-mortem interval in a case in Amapa’ State, Brazil. J. Forensic Sci., 53(2): 476-478.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y. & WOLFF, M., 2011.- Entomofauna cadavérica asociada a cerdos expuestos al sol y sombra, en el piedemonte amazónico colombiano. Revista Momentos de Ciencia, 8(1): 45-54.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y., VELASQUEZ-VALENCIA, A. & WOLFF, M., 2014.- Preliminary study of insects associated to indoor body decay in Colombia. Rev. Bras. Entomol., 58(4): 326-332.
RAMOS-PASTRANA, Y. & WOLFF, M., 2017.- Postmortem interval estimation based on Chysomya albiceps (Diptera, Calliphoridae) in a forensic case in the Andean Amazon, Caquetá, Colombia. Acta Amazonica, 47(4): 369-374.
ROLDAN, G., 1996.- Guía para el estudio de los macroinvertebrados acuáticos del departamento de Antioquia. Bogotá: Fondo para la Protección del Medio Ambiente “José Celestino Mutis”.
SMITH, K., 1986.- A Manual of Forensic Entomology. Department of Entomology British Museum (Natural History). New York: Cornell University Press.
SORG, M.H., DEARBORN, J.H., MONAHAN, E.J., RYAN, H.F., SWEENEY, K.G. & DAVID, E., 1997.- Forensic taphonomy in marine contexts: 531-584 (in) HAGLUND, W.D. & SORG, M.H. (eds.) Forensic Taphonomy: The Postmortem Fate of Human Remains. Boca Ratón: CRC Press.
TOMBERLIN, J.K. & ADLER, P.H., 1998.- Seasonal colonization and decomposition of rat carrion in water and on land in an open field in South Carolina. J. Med. Entomol., 35(5): 704-709.
WALLACE, J.R., MERRITT, R.W., KIMBARAUSKAS, R., BENBOW, M.E. & MCINTOSH, M., 2008.- Caddisfly cases assist homicide case: Determining a postmortem submersion interval (PMSI) using aquatic insects. J. Forensic Sci., 53(1): 1-3.
