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Castañeda Herrera, F. E. ., Buriticá Gaviria, E. F. ., Echeverry Bonilla, D. F. ., & Orjuela Acosta, D. . (2015). Evaluation of hematological parameters of the white-footed tamarin (saguinus leucopus günther 1876) in captivity according to age and sex. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 9(1), 34–48. https://doi.org/10.17151/vetzo.2015.9.1.5
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Abstract
Colombia is a megadiverse country that has a high biodiversity in primate species from which many are endemic. The white-footed tamarin (Saguinus leucopus) is today a Colombian endangered primate species. The hematological values of a population of 37 white-footed tamarin located ex situ in four different locations in Colombia were established by hematic biometry. The obtained results were analyzed using descriptive statistics while the application of Mann Whitney’s test (α 0.05) was carried out in order to find statistical differences between the four subgroups established as follows: males, females, adults and juveniles. Erythrocyte values were similar between males and females and only significant differences associated to sex were found for total leukocyte count. Regarding the differences between adults and juveniles the following significant differences were found: (p <0.05) for the hematocrit value, highly significant differences; (p <0.01) for erythrocyte count and highly significant differences; and (p <0.001) for hemoglobin and basophils value. The results obtained are similar to those previously described for other species of the Callitrichinae subfamily and could be taken as reference values for S. leucopus in captivity.
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References
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Alberts, S.C.; Sapolsky, R.M.; Altmann, J. Behavioral, Endocrine, and Immunological Correlates of Immigration by an Aggressive Male into a Natural Primate Group. Hormones And Behavior, v. 26, p. 167-178, 1992.
Al-Sweedan, S.A.; Alhaj, M. The effect of low altitude on blood count parameters.Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, v. 5, n. 3, p. 158- 161, 2012.
Bautista, C.R.; Arroyo, M.; Velasco, O. et al. Comparación de las pruebas quantitative buffy coat, frotis grueso de sangre y observación directa para el diagnóstico de la infección por Dirofilaria immitis en perros de tres zonas geográficas de México. Veterinaria México, v. 32, n. 2, p. 153-156, 2001.
Boere, V.; Pinheiro, E.C.; de Oliveira-Paludo, G.R. et al. Comparison between sex and age class on some physiological, thermal, and hematological indices of the cerrado’s marmoset (Callithrix penicillata). Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 34, p. 156-162, 2005.
Brieva, C.; Romero, P.; Umaña, J. et al. Hematología y química sanguínea en primates Aotus lemurinus griseimembra en cautiverio. Boletín GEAS, v. 11, n. 5, p. 36-42, 2001.
Burkhard, M.; Meyer, D. Causas y efectos de interferencia con mediciones y exámenes de laboratorio clínico. En: Kirk, R. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales. XII Edición. Ciudad de México, México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 1995. p. 15-22.
Bush, B.M. Interpretación de los análisis de laboratorio para clínicos de pequeños animales. Madrid, España: Harcourt, 1999. 616p.
Castañeda, F.E.; Buriticá, E.F.; Barbosa, I.X. Tití gris (Saguinus leucopusGÜNTHER 1876): algunos aspectos biológicos y de interés veterinario sobre la especie. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, v. 3, n. 1, p. 82-89, 2010.
Castañeda, F.E.; Buriticá, E.F.; Echeverry, D.F. Parámetros de la bioquímica sanguínea del titi gris (Saguinus leucopus – Gunther 1876) en cautiverio en Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, v. 6, n. 1, p. 50-57, 2013.
Cuadros, L.M. Valores hematológicos de tingua (Porphyrio martinica) en el centro de recepción y rehabilitación de fauna silvestre del DAMA en Engativá. Conservación Ex – Situ, v. 2, n. 2, p. 74-80, 2006.
Cuartas-Calle, C.A. Distribución parcial del tití gris (Saguinus leucopus, Callithrichidae) en el Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 9, p. 109-113, 2001.
Converse, L.J.; Fernandes, P.J.; MacWilliams, P.S.; Bossart, G. D. Hematology, serum chemistry, and morphometric reference values for antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 25, p. 423-431, 1994.
Defler, T.R. Historia Natural de los Primates Colombianos. 2. ed. Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología. 2010. 612p.
Fox, M.; Brieva, C.; Moreno, C. et al. Hematologic and serum biochemistry reference values in wild-caught white-footed tamarins (Saguinus leucopus) housed in captivity. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 39, p. 548-557, 2008.
Gross, W.P. Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,v. 27, n. 4, p. 972-979, 1983.
Herndon, J.G.; Tigges, J. Hematologic and blood biochemical variables of captive chimpanzees: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Comparative Medicine, v. 51, n. 1, p. 60-69, 2001.
Jones, C. Veterinary pathology. 5th edition. Philadelphia, USA: Jones Hunt, 1983. 799p.
Larsson, M.; Birgel, E.; Benesi, F. et al. Hematological values of Cebus apellaanesthetized with ketamine. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science,v. 36, p. 3-21, 1999.
Ladino-de la Hortúa R. y Moreno-Orozco M. I. Prevalencia de Microfilaria spp en Primates de Zoológicos Colombianos. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de la Salle, Bogotá, Colombia 2007; 13: 83-94
Latarjet, M.; Ruiz, A. Anatomía Humana. 4. ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Médica Panamericana, 2008. 888p.
Milton, K. Macronutrient patterns of 19 species of Panamanian fruits form Barro Colorado Island. Neotropical Primates,v. 15, p. 1-7, 2008.
Morales-Jiménez, A.L.; Link, A.; Stevenson, P. Saguinus leucopus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,2014. Disponible en:http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19819/0. Accesado en: 12/11/2013.
Morgan, L.; Kumaresan, S.; Thomas, C.; MacWilliams, P. Hematology and chemistry reference values for free-ranging harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and effects of hemolysis on chemistry values of captive harbor seals. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 29, p. 394-400, 1998.
Morton, D.J.; Anderson, E.; Foggin, C. et al. Plasma cortisol as an indicator of stress due to capture and traslocation in wildlife species. The Veterinay Record, v. 163, n. 3, p. 60-63, 1995.
Munson, L.; Cook, R.A. Monitoring investigation and surveillance of diseases in captive wildlife. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine,v. 24, p. 281-289, 1993.
Núñez, H.; Araya, M.; Cisternas, F. et al. Blood biochemical indicators in young and adult Cebus apella of both sexes. Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 37, p. 12-17, 2008.
Poveda, K.; Sanchez, P.P. Habitat use by the white-footed tamarin, Saguinus leucopus: A comparison between a forest-dwelling group and an urban group in Mariquita, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 12, n. 1, p. 6-9, 2004.
Riviello, M.; Wirz, A. Haematology and blood chemistry of Cebus apella in relation to sex and age. Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 30, p. 308-312, 2001.
Ruivo, E.; Carrol, J.; Morales-Jiménez, A. The silvery-brown tamarin (Saguinus leucopus) conservation project. Neotropical Primates, v. 13, n. 3, p. 36-39, 2005.
Rylands, A.B.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Rodríguez-Luna, E. Conservation of neotropical primates: Threatened species and an analysis of primate diversity by country and región. Folia Primatologica, v. 66, n. 1, p. 134-160, 1997.
Sánchez, R.; Chinchilla, M.; Campos, I.V. et al. Variaciones morfométricas de los monos congo o aulladores Allouata palliata (Primates: Cebidae) de Costa Rica. Pensamiento Actual, v. 14, n. 22, p. 2215-3586, 2014.
Savage, A.; Ziegler, T.E.; Snowdon, C.T. et al. Sociosexual development, pair bond formation, and mechanisms of fertility suppression in female cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus oedipus). American Journal of Primatology, v. 14, p. 345- 359, 1988.
Tabares, J.H.; Fierro, C.H.; Pulido, P.D.; Ossa, H. Cariotipo del tití gris (Saguinus leucopus) similitudes con el cariotipo humano. Revista NOVA Publicación Científica en Ciencias Biomédicas, v. 6, n. 2, p. 105-236, 2008.
Thoisy, B.; Vogel, I.; Reynolds, J.; Pouliquen, J.; Carme, B.; Kasanji, M.; Vie, J. Evaluation of translocated free-ranging primates in French Guiana. American Journal of Primatology, v. 54, p. 1-16, 2001.
Valle, S.D.F.; Allgayer, M.D.C.; Pereira, R.A. et al. Parâmetros de bioquímica sérica de machos, fêmeas e filhotes de Araras canindé (Ara ararauna) saudáveis mantidas em cativeiro comercial. Ciencia Rural, v. 38, n. 3, p. 711-716, 2008.
Vargas, N.T.; Solano, CL. Evaluación del estado de dos poblaciones de Saguinus leucopus para determinar áreas potenciales de conservación en un sector del Valle del Magdalena Medio, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 4, p. 13-15, 1996.
Vie, J.C.; Moreau, B.; Thoisy, B. et al. Hematology and serum biochemistry values of free-ranging red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) from French Guiana. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 29, p. 142-149, 1998.
Wang, L.C. Evaluation of quantitative buffy coat analysis in the detection of canineDirofilaria immitis infection: A model to determine its effectiveness in the diagnosis of human filariasis. Parasitology Research, v. 84, p. 246-248, 1998.
Willard, M.D.; Tvedten, H. Diagnóstico clínico-patológico práctico en los pequeños animales. 4 ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Interamericana, 2004. 456p.
Yamamoto, M.E.; Box, H.O. The role of non-reproductive helpers in infant care in captive Callithrix jacchus. Ethology, v. 103, p. 760-771, 1997
Acevedo-Garcés, Y.A.; Álvarez-Cardona, J.; Vargas-Valencia, V. et al. Valoración clínica y parasitológica del tití gris (Primates: Cebidae: Saguinus leucopus) en dos poblaciones naturales presentes en San Carlos y San Rafael (Antioquia, Colombia). Revista CES Medicina Veterinaria y Zootecnia, v. 9, n. 1, p. 68- 83, 2014.
Alberts, S.C.; Sapolsky, R.M.; Altmann, J. Behavioral, Endocrine, and Immunological Correlates of Immigration by an Aggressive Male into a Natural Primate Group. Hormones And Behavior, v. 26, p. 167-178, 1992.
Al-Sweedan, S.A.; Alhaj, M. The effect of low altitude on blood count parameters.Hematology Oncology and Stem Cell Therapy, v. 5, n. 3, p. 158- 161, 2012.
Bautista, C.R.; Arroyo, M.; Velasco, O. et al. Comparación de las pruebas quantitative buffy coat, frotis grueso de sangre y observación directa para el diagnóstico de la infección por Dirofilaria immitis en perros de tres zonas geográficas de México. Veterinaria México, v. 32, n. 2, p. 153-156, 2001.
Boere, V.; Pinheiro, E.C.; de Oliveira-Paludo, G.R. et al. Comparison between sex and age class on some physiological, thermal, and hematological indices of the cerrado’s marmoset (Callithrix penicillata). Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 34, p. 156-162, 2005.
Brieva, C.; Romero, P.; Umaña, J. et al. Hematología y química sanguínea en primates Aotus lemurinus griseimembra en cautiverio. Boletín GEAS, v. 11, n. 5, p. 36-42, 2001.
Burkhard, M.; Meyer, D. Causas y efectos de interferencia con mediciones y exámenes de laboratorio clínico. En: Kirk, R. Terapéutica Veterinaria de Pequeños Animales. XII Edición. Ciudad de México, México: McGraw-Hill Interamericana, 1995. p. 15-22.
Bush, B.M. Interpretación de los análisis de laboratorio para clínicos de pequeños animales. Madrid, España: Harcourt, 1999. 616p.
Castañeda, F.E.; Buriticá, E.F.; Barbosa, I.X. Tití gris (Saguinus leucopusGÜNTHER 1876): algunos aspectos biológicos y de interés veterinario sobre la especie. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, v. 3, n. 1, p. 82-89, 2010.
Castañeda, F.E.; Buriticá, E.F.; Echeverry, D.F. Parámetros de la bioquímica sanguínea del titi gris (Saguinus leucopus – Gunther 1876) en cautiverio en Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencia Animal, v. 6, n. 1, p. 50-57, 2013.
Cuadros, L.M. Valores hematológicos de tingua (Porphyrio martinica) en el centro de recepción y rehabilitación de fauna silvestre del DAMA en Engativá. Conservación Ex – Situ, v. 2, n. 2, p. 74-80, 2006.
Cuartas-Calle, C.A. Distribución parcial del tití gris (Saguinus leucopus, Callithrichidae) en el Departamento de Antioquia, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 9, p. 109-113, 2001.
Converse, L.J.; Fernandes, P.J.; MacWilliams, P.S.; Bossart, G. D. Hematology, serum chemistry, and morphometric reference values for antillean manatees (Trichechus manatus manatus). Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 25, p. 423-431, 1994.
Defler, T.R. Historia Natural de los Primates Colombianos. 2. ed. Bogotá, Colombia: Universidad Nacional de Colombia, Facultad de Ciencias, Departamento de Biología. 2010. 612p.
Fox, M.; Brieva, C.; Moreno, C. et al. Hematologic and serum biochemistry reference values in wild-caught white-footed tamarins (Saguinus leucopus) housed in captivity. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 39, p. 548-557, 2008.
Gross, W.P. Evaluation of the heterophil/lymphocyte ratio as a measure of stress in chickens. Journal of the American Veterinary Medical Association,v. 27, n. 4, p. 972-979, 1983.
Herndon, J.G.; Tigges, J. Hematologic and blood biochemical variables of captive chimpanzees: Cross-sectional and longitudinal analyses. Comparative Medicine, v. 51, n. 1, p. 60-69, 2001.
Jones, C. Veterinary pathology. 5th edition. Philadelphia, USA: Jones Hunt, 1983. 799p.
Larsson, M.; Birgel, E.; Benesi, F. et al. Hematological values of Cebus apellaanesthetized with ketamine. Brazilian Journal of Veterinary Research and Animal Science,v. 36, p. 3-21, 1999.
Ladino-de la Hortúa R. y Moreno-Orozco M. I. Prevalencia de Microfilaria spp en Primates de Zoológicos Colombianos. Revista de Medicina Veterinaria, Universidad de la Salle, Bogotá, Colombia 2007; 13: 83-94
Latarjet, M.; Ruiz, A. Anatomía Humana. 4. ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Editorial Médica Panamericana, 2008. 888p.
Milton, K. Macronutrient patterns of 19 species of Panamanian fruits form Barro Colorado Island. Neotropical Primates,v. 15, p. 1-7, 2008.
Morales-Jiménez, A.L.; Link, A.; Stevenson, P. Saguinus leucopus. The IUCN Red List of Threatened Species,2014. Disponible en:http://www.iucnredlist.org/details/19819/0. Accesado en: 12/11/2013.
Morgan, L.; Kumaresan, S.; Thomas, C.; MacWilliams, P. Hematology and chemistry reference values for free-ranging harbor seals (Phoca vitulina) and effects of hemolysis on chemistry values of captive harbor seals. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 29, p. 394-400, 1998.
Morton, D.J.; Anderson, E.; Foggin, C. et al. Plasma cortisol as an indicator of stress due to capture and traslocation in wildlife species. The Veterinay Record, v. 163, n. 3, p. 60-63, 1995.
Munson, L.; Cook, R.A. Monitoring investigation and surveillance of diseases in captive wildlife. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine,v. 24, p. 281-289, 1993.
Núñez, H.; Araya, M.; Cisternas, F. et al. Blood biochemical indicators in young and adult Cebus apella of both sexes. Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 37, p. 12-17, 2008.
Poveda, K.; Sanchez, P.P. Habitat use by the white-footed tamarin, Saguinus leucopus: A comparison between a forest-dwelling group and an urban group in Mariquita, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 12, n. 1, p. 6-9, 2004.
Riviello, M.; Wirz, A. Haematology and blood chemistry of Cebus apella in relation to sex and age. Journal of Medical Primatology, v. 30, p. 308-312, 2001.
Ruivo, E.; Carrol, J.; Morales-Jiménez, A. The silvery-brown tamarin (Saguinus leucopus) conservation project. Neotropical Primates, v. 13, n. 3, p. 36-39, 2005.
Rylands, A.B.; Mittermeier, R.A.; Rodríguez-Luna, E. Conservation of neotropical primates: Threatened species and an analysis of primate diversity by country and región. Folia Primatologica, v. 66, n. 1, p. 134-160, 1997.
Sánchez, R.; Chinchilla, M.; Campos, I.V. et al. Variaciones morfométricas de los monos congo o aulladores Allouata palliata (Primates: Cebidae) de Costa Rica. Pensamiento Actual, v. 14, n. 22, p. 2215-3586, 2014.
Savage, A.; Ziegler, T.E.; Snowdon, C.T. et al. Sociosexual development, pair bond formation, and mechanisms of fertility suppression in female cotton-top tamarins (Saguinus oedipus oedipus). American Journal of Primatology, v. 14, p. 345- 359, 1988.
Tabares, J.H.; Fierro, C.H.; Pulido, P.D.; Ossa, H. Cariotipo del tití gris (Saguinus leucopus) similitudes con el cariotipo humano. Revista NOVA Publicación Científica en Ciencias Biomédicas, v. 6, n. 2, p. 105-236, 2008.
Thoisy, B.; Vogel, I.; Reynolds, J.; Pouliquen, J.; Carme, B.; Kasanji, M.; Vie, J. Evaluation of translocated free-ranging primates in French Guiana. American Journal of Primatology, v. 54, p. 1-16, 2001.
Valle, S.D.F.; Allgayer, M.D.C.; Pereira, R.A. et al. Parâmetros de bioquímica sérica de machos, fêmeas e filhotes de Araras canindé (Ara ararauna) saudáveis mantidas em cativeiro comercial. Ciencia Rural, v. 38, n. 3, p. 711-716, 2008.
Vargas, N.T.; Solano, CL. Evaluación del estado de dos poblaciones de Saguinus leucopus para determinar áreas potenciales de conservación en un sector del Valle del Magdalena Medio, Colombia. Neotropical Primates, v. 4, p. 13-15, 1996.
Vie, J.C.; Moreau, B.; Thoisy, B. et al. Hematology and serum biochemistry values of free-ranging red howler monkeys (Alouatta seniculus) from French Guiana. Journal of Zoo and Wildlife Medicine, v. 29, p. 142-149, 1998.
Wang, L.C. Evaluation of quantitative buffy coat analysis in the detection of canineDirofilaria immitis infection: A model to determine its effectiveness in the diagnosis of human filariasis. Parasitology Research, v. 84, p. 246-248, 1998.
Willard, M.D.; Tvedten, H. Diagnóstico clínico-patológico práctico en los pequeños animales. 4 ed. Buenos Aires, Argentina: Interamericana, 2004. 456p.
Yamamoto, M.E.; Box, H.O. The role of non-reproductive helpers in infant care in captive Callithrix jacchus. Ethology, v. 103, p. 760-771, 1997
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