Estructura genética de una población de bovinos Holstein en el departamento de Antioquia, usando polimorfismos del gen del factor de crecimiento insulínico tipo 2 (IGF2a)

Abstract

Since the beginning of the field technological development, the livestock production target has been the improvement of the systems through resources optimization to achieve high production levels. Not all of the biological components of such systems, respond the same way to offered nutrients, it is due largely to its genetic component. In response to this situation has emerged an useful tool that could be implemented and applied to daily management of milk production systems in the country. This tool is the genetic improvement through molecular manipulation or molecular assisted selection (MAS) markers. This research target was to determine the genetic structure of a Holstein population in Antioquia by the use of polymorphism 292 C>T from the factor gene of insulin-like growth type 2 (IGF2a). A population of 1054 animals of the Holstein breed, distributed in 6 subpopulations was evaluated in Antioquia. Genotyping was performed using PCR-RFLP technique. The Genalex6 and Arlequin 3.5 software were used to determine the statistical F Wright, the Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium and Nei distances. Allele frequencies for the 292 polymorphism C>T of IGF2a were T (0.405) and C (0.595). The total population was in Hardy – Weinberg balance, however El Retiro subpopulation was unbalanced. The genetic structure of the population showed low differentiation between all studied subpopulations, where the FST was 0.002. In addition, there were found levels of 0.263 Fit and levels of 0.261 Fis rated in the lower ranges described by Wright.

Keywords:

estadísticos F de Wright

PCR-RFLP

SNPs

Wright’s F-statistics

PCR-RFLP

SNPs

References

 Echeverri, J.; Saldamando, C.; López, A. 2015. Genetic structure analysis of a Holstein cow population in Colombia. Rev Colom Cienc Pecua, v.28, n.1, p.54-63, 2015. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 10/02/2016

 Eguiarte, L.E.; Aguirre-Liguori, J.A.; Jardón-Barbolla, L et al. Genómica de poblaciones: nada en evolución va a tener sentido si no es a la luz de la genómica, y nada en genómica tendrá sentido si no es a la luz de la evolución. TIP. Revista Especializada en Ciencias Químico-Biológicas, v.16, n.1, p.42-56, 2013.

 Eguiarte, L.E.; Aguirre-Liguori, J.A.; Jardón-Barbolla, L. et al. Genómica de Poblaciones: Nada en evolución va a tener sentido si no es a la luz de la Genómica, y nada en Genómica tendrá sentido si no es a la luz de la evolución. TIP, v.16, n.1, p.42- 56, 2013. Disponible en: Link. Accesado en 24/02/2016

 Excoffier, L.; Laval, G. & Schneider, S. Arlequin (ver. 2.0): An integrated software package for population genetics data analysis. Evolutionary Bioinformatics, v.1, p.47- 50, 2005.

 Goodall, J.J.; Schmutz, S.M. Linkage mapping of IGF2 on cattle chromosome 29. Animal Genetics, v.34, p.302-318, 2003.

 Goodall, J.J.; Schmutz, S.M. 2007: IGF2 gene characterization and association with rib eye area in beef cattle. Animal Genetics, v.38, p.154-161, 2007. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 24/02/2016

 Hartl D. 2000. A primer of population genetics. Connecticut: Sinauer Associates, 221p.

 Hitchins, M.P. & Moore, G.E. (2002). Genomic imprinting in fetal growth and development. Expert Reviews in Molecular Medicine, p.1-19. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 03/03/2016

 O’Dell, S.D.; Miller, G.J.; Cooper, J.A. et al. Apal polymorphism in insulin-like growth factor II (IGF2) gene and weight in middle-aged males. International Journal of Obesity, v.21, n.9, p.822-825, 1997. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 05/04/2016

 Ohlsen, S.M.; Lugenbeel, K.A. & Wong, E.A. Characterization of the linked ovine insulin and insulin-like growth factor-II genes. DNA and Cell Biology, v.13, n.4, p.377-388, 1994. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 05/04/2016

 Peakall, R. & Smouse, P. Genalex6: Genetic analysis in excel population genetic software for teaching and research. Molecular Ecology Notes, v.6, p.288-295, 2006. Dispobible en : Link Accesado en 06/06/2016

 Rincón, J.; López-Herrera, A. & Echeverri, J. Estructura y diversidad genética en vacas Holstein de Antioquia usando un polimorfismo del gen bGH. Rev. MVZ Córdoba, v.18, n.1, p.3346-3354, 2013. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 06/06/2016

 Rodríguez, N.; López-Herrera, A. & Echeverri, J. Estructura genética poblacional del gen lactoferrina bovino en vacas Holstein del departamento de Antioquia. Rev. MVZ Córdoba, v.18, n.1, p.3355-3361, 2013. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 07/06/2016

 Sambrook, J.; Fritsch, E. & Maniatis, T. Molecular cloning: a laboratory manual. USA. En: Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press, 1989. 53-73.

 Wright, S. Evolution and the genetics of populations: experimental results and evolutionary deductions (Vol. 3). University of Chicago Press. 1989.

 Wright, S. Evolution and genetics of population, the theory of gene frequencies (2da. ed.). Chicago: University of Chicago Press, 1989.

 Zwierzchowski, L.; Siadkowska, E; Oprzadek, J. et al. An association of C/T polymorphism in exon 2 of the bovine insulin-like growth factor 2 gene with meat production traits in Polish Holstein-Friesian cattle. Czech Journal of Animal Science, v.55, n.6, p.227–233, 2010. Disponible en: Link Accesado en 05/07/2016