Energía metabolizable del grano de soya integral en pollos de engorde

Abstract

The effect of three thermal processes applied to the full-fat soybean (FFS) on the chemical composition, some indicators of process quality, apparent metabolizable energy (AME) and apparent metabolizable energy corrected by the nitrogen balance (AMEn) estimated by using either the total collection of excreta or 0.5% Cr2O3 methods were evaluated. Five diets were used in the form of flour: one reference diet (RD) and four diets in which raw (T1), cooked (T2), roasted (T3) or extruded (T4) FFS was included replacing 30% of the energy core (corn, soybean meal and soybean oil) from the RD. The experimental phase was carried out between day 12 and day 19 of the chickens’ life with five days of adaptation and four days of collecting the excreta every 24 hours. The experiment was conducted in a complete randomized design with five treatments, eight repetitions and four male chicken of the Ross 308 line per repetition. The variables were analyzed by the GLM and the average values were compared with the Duncan test. Pearson's simple correlation analysis and regression between the results of the estimated ME with either the total collection of excreta or the use of CR2O3 were also performed. Statistical analyzes were performed in the SAS program. The chemical composition of the beans was within the values of the literature. The raw FFS did not comply with the process quality indicators of the Colombian technical standard. Extrusion was the only process that produced a FFS with protein soluble in KOH below the minimum level of the norm in reference, while in the roasted grain the value was close to this minimum. It is suggested that in both beans there was over-processing. The value of AME for the raw, cooked, roasted and extruded grain was 2,775, 3,759, 3,887 and 3,886 (kcal/kcal DM) respectively; the corresponding value for AMEn was 2,552, 3,469, 3,583 and 3,600 (kcal/kcal DM). The thermal processes used increased the ME of the raw FFS by 1,000 kcal, without any difference between the processes. The estimation of the AME with the use of Cr2O3 was not an alternative to the total collection of excreta.

Keywords:

energía metabolizable

soya integral

pollo de engorde

proceso

térmico

metabolizable energy

whole soybean grain

broilers

thermal process

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