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Fecha Publicación: 2008-12-19
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Giraldo Salazar, L. F. ., Loaiza Echeverri, A. M. ., Botero, S. Ángel ., & Uribe Velásquez, L. F. . (2008). Parámetros metabólicos séricos y condición corporal durante el pre y posparto en vacas Brahman. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 2(2), 40–47. Recuperado a partir de https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/5722
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RESUMEN: Con el objeto de describir los cambios en el metabolismo energético desde un mes antes del parto hasta un mes postparto y su relación con posibles cambios en la condición corporal, se seleccionaron 20 vacas Brahman de la zona del Magdalena Medio, Colombia. A cada vaca se le tomaron 10 mL de sangre mediante Vacutainer® a las cuatro semanas antes del parto y cuatro semanas postparto. La concentración de glucosa, triglicéridos, colesterol total, lipoproteínas de alta densidad (HDL), lipoproteínas de baja densidad (LDL), lipoproteínas de muy baja densidad (VLDL) y la condición corporal fueron evaluadas. Las veinte vacas fueron distribuidas en dos grupos: Grupo 1: ≤ 7 CC y Grupo 2: ≤ 8 CC. Los resultados fueron analizados mediante análisis de varianza y la prueba de Duncan. Se registró un descenso significativo (P<0,05) en los valores de glucosa y altamente significativo (P<0,005) en la fracción lipoprotéica HDL, siendo más notorio en hembras de menor CC; además de un aumento altamente significativo (P<0,005) en las concentraciones de la fracción LDL en las hembras de mayor CC. En los demás parámetros no se apreciaron cambios significativos. Se concluye que las hembras de cría Brahman objeto del estudio sufren un balance energético negativo moderado, que no compromete en mayor grado las reservas energéticas del organismo, debido a los bajos promedios de producción láctea y al adecuado aporte nutricional, notándose mayor dificultad para compensar el déficit energético en las hembras de menor CC.
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Richards, M.W.; Spitzer, I.C.; Warner, M.B. Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. Journal Animal Science, v.62, p.300-309, 1986.
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Sampaio, I.B.M. Estatística aplicada à experimentação animal. 3ra. Edição. Fundação de Ensino y Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. Belo Horizonte, Brasil, 2007. 264p.
Spitzer, J.C.; Morrison, D.G.; Wettemann, R.P. et al. Reproductive response and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. Journal Animal Science, v.73, p.1251-1257, 1995.
Vanholder, T.; Leroy, Jlmr.; Dewulf, J. et al. Hormonal and metabolic profiles of high-yielding dairy cows prior to ovarian cyst formation or first ovulation post partum. Reproduction Domestic Animal, v.40, p.460-467, 2005.
Vizcarra, J.A.; Wettemann, R.P.; Spitzer, J.C. et al. Body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain influence luteal activity and concentrations of glucose, insulin, and nonesterifield fatty acids in plasma of primiparous beef cows. Journal Animal Science, v.76, p.927-936, 1998.
Wagner, J.J.; Lusby, K.S.; Oltjen, J.W. et al. Carcass composition in mature hereford cows: estimation and effect on dally metabolizable energy requirement during winter. Journal Animal Science, v.66, p.603-612, 1988.
Williams, G.L.; Stanko, R.L. Dietary fats as reproductive nutraceuticals in beef cattle. Journal Animal Science, v.77, p.1-12, 2000.
Bauer, J.E. Comparative lipid and lipoprotein metabolism. Veterinary Clinic Patology, v.25, p.49-56, 1996.
Bertoni, G.; Picciolo C., F. Associazione Scientifica di Produzione Animale; Commissione valutazione dell’assettometabolicodeglianimaliinproduzione zootecnica. Guida a la interpretacione dei pro£li metabolici, 1999. 142p.
Boland, M.P.; Lonergan, M.P. Effects of nutrition on fertility in dairy cows. Advanced Dairy Technology, v.15, p.19-33, 2003.
Butler, S.T.; Marr, A.L.; Pelton, S.H. et al. Insulin restores GH responsiveness during lactation- induced negative energy balance in dairy cattle: effects on expression of IGF-I and GH receptor 1A. Journal Endocrinology, v.176, p.205-217, 2003.
Ceballos, A.; Gómez, P.M.; Vélez, M.L. et al. Variación de los indicadores bioquímicos del balance de energía segun el estado productivo en bovinos lecheros de Manizales, Colombia. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.15, p.13-25, 2002.
Contreras, P. A. Fat mobilization syndrome in early lactation and its effect on health and performance of dairy cows. Archivos de Medicina Veterinaria, v.30. p.17-27, 1998.
Coppo, N.B.; Coppo, J.A.; Lazarte, M.A. Intervalos de confianza para colesterol ligado a lipoproteínas de alta y baja densidad en suero de bovinos, equinos, porcinos y caninos. Reviews Veterinary, v.14, p.1-10, 2003.
Diskin, M.G.; Mackey, D.R.; Roche, J.F. et al. Effects of nutrition and metabolic status on circulating hormones and ovarian follicle development in cattle. Animal Reproduction Science, v.78, p.345-370, 2003.
Ferreira, A.M.; Sá, W.F.; Viana, J.H.M. et al. Feed intake restriction, conception rate and parturition to conception interval in crossbred Gir-Holstein cows. Animal Reproduction Science, v.2, p.135-138, 2005.
From the Working Group on Lipoprotein Measurement. Recommendations on Lipoprotein Measurement. National Cholesterol Education Program. Washington: National Institutes on Health. NIH publication N. 95-3044, 1995. 185p.
Galvis, R.D.; Agudelo, D.; Saffon, A. Condición corporal, perfil de lipoproteínas y actividad ovárica en vacas Holstein en lactancia temprana. Revista Colombiana de Ciencias Pecuarias, v.20, p.16-29, 2007.
Grummer, R.R. Impact of changes in organic nutrient metabolism on feeding the transition dairy cow. Journal Animal Science, v.73, p.2820-2833, 1995.
Grummer, R.R.; Carroll, D.J. A review of lipoprotein cholesterol metabolism: importance to ovarian function. Journal Animal Science, v.66, p.3160- 3173, 1988.
Guedon, L.; Saumande, J.; Dupron, F. et al. Serum cholesterol and triglycerides in pospartum beef cows and their relationship to the resumption of ovulation. Theriogenology, v.51, p.1405-1415, 1999.
Houghton, P.L.; Lemenager, R.P.; Horstman, A. et al. Effects of body composition, pre- and postpartum energy level and early weaning on reproductive performance of beef cows and preweaning calf gain. Journal Animal Science, v.68, p.1438- 1446, 1990.
Ingraham, R.; Kapel, R. Metabolic profile testing. Veterinay Clinic North America, Food animal practitioners, v.4, p.391-410, 1988.
Kaneko, J.J, Harvey J.W., Bruss M.L. Clinical Biochemistry of domestic animals, 5th Ed., Academic Press, San Diego, 1997. 932 p.
Lalman, D.L.; Keisler, D.H.; Williams, J.E. et al. Influence of postpartum weight and body condition change on duration of anestrus by undernourished suckled beef heifers. Journal Animal Science, v.75, p.2003-2008, 1997.
Looper, M.L.; Lents, C.A.; Wettemann, R.P. Body condition at parturition and postpartum weight changes do not influence the incidence of short- lived corpora lutea in postpartum beef cows. Journal Animal Science, v.81, p.2390-2394, 2003.
Montiel, F.; Ahuja, C. Body condition and suckling as factors influencing the duration of postpartum anestrus in cattle: a review. Animal Reproduction Science, v.85, p.1-26, 2005.
Moraes, J.C.F.; Jaume, C.M.; Souza, C.J.H. Body condition score to predict the postpartum fertility of crossbred beef cows. Pesquisa Agropecuaria Brasileira, v.42, p.741-746, 2007.
Morrison, D.G.; Spitzer, J.C.; Perkins, J.L. Influence of prepartum body condition score change on reproduction in multiparous beef cows calving in moderate body condition. Journal Animal Science, v.77, p.1048-1054, 1999.
Mudron, P.; Reage, J.; Holtershinken, M. et al. Venous and arterial ammonia in dairy cows with fatty liver and hepatic failure. Veterinary Medicine Czechoslovaquia, v.49, p.187-190, 2004.
Richards, M.W.; Spitzer, I.C.; Warner, M.B. Effect of varying levels of postpartum nutrition and body condition at calving on subsequent reproductive performance in beef cattle. Journal Animal Science, v.62, p.300-309, 1986.
Rossato, W. Condição metabólica pós-parto em vacas leiteras de um rebanho do Rio grande do Sul. Porto Alegre, Brasil: Universidad Federal do Rio Grande do Sul, 2000. 105p. Dissertacao (Mestrado em Ciencias Veterinárias).
Sampaio, I.B.M. Estatística aplicada à experimentação animal. 3ra. Edição. Fundação de Ensino y Pesquisa em Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia. Belo Horizonte, Brasil, 2007. 264p.
Spitzer, J.C.; Morrison, D.G.; Wettemann, R.P. et al. Reproductive response and calf birth and weaning weights as affected by body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain in primiparous beef cows. Journal Animal Science, v.73, p.1251-1257, 1995.
Vanholder, T.; Leroy, Jlmr.; Dewulf, J. et al. Hormonal and metabolic profiles of high-yielding dairy cows prior to ovarian cyst formation or first ovulation post partum. Reproduction Domestic Animal, v.40, p.460-467, 2005.
Vizcarra, J.A.; Wettemann, R.P.; Spitzer, J.C. et al. Body condition at parturition and postpartum weight gain influence luteal activity and concentrations of glucose, insulin, and nonesterifield fatty acids in plasma of primiparous beef cows. Journal Animal Science, v.76, p.927-936, 1998.
Wagner, J.J.; Lusby, K.S.; Oltjen, J.W. et al. Carcass composition in mature hereford cows: estimation and effect on dally metabolizable energy requirement during winter. Journal Animal Science, v.66, p.603-612, 1988.
Williams, G.L.; Stanko, R.L. Dietary fats as reproductive nutraceuticals in beef cattle. Journal Animal Science, v.77, p.1-12, 2000.
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