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Fecha Publicación: 2012-12-21
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Baquero Parrado, J. R. . (2012). Evaluación clínica y tratamiento de la septicemia neonatal bovina. Revista Veterinaria Y Zootecnia (On Line), 6(2), 89–111. Recuperado a partir de https://revistasojs.ucaldas.edu.co/index.php/vetzootec/article/view/4410
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RESUMEN: La septicemia neonatal es una causa importante de morbilidad y mortalidad en neonatología bovina, caracterizada por la presencia de microorganismos patógenos y sus componentes en el torrente sanguíneo. La falla en la transferencia pasiva de inmunoglobulinas calostrales (Ig), las pobres condiciones sanitarias del establo de parto y el inadecuado cuidado umbilical, entre otras causas, predisponen al neonato al desarrollo de la enfermedad. La infección uterina, umbilical, del tracto respiratorio y gastrointestinal pueden ser rutas de infección. Los signos clínicos son generalmente inespecíficos tales como: fiebre o hipotermia, taquicardia, taquipnea, escleróticas inyectadas, hipopión, onfaloflebitis, poliartritis, hipoglicemia, reflejo de succión disminuido, ataxia, convulsiones, recumbencia, desequilibrios ácido-base, alteraciones hemostáticas que conduce a reducción en el retorno venoso, depresión miocárdica y resistencia vascular sistémica con hipotensión progresiva sin respuesta a vasopresores que conlleva a síndrome de respuesta inflamatoria sistémica (SRIS), síndrome de disfunción de órganos múltiples (SDOM), choque séptico y muerte. El diagnóstico es a menudo hecho por la historia clínica y el examen físico, pero la prueba de oro es el hemocultivo. Un tratamiento agresivo debe ser instaurado con terapia antimicrobiana de amplio espectro (basado en el hemocultivo y en los patrones de sensibilidad preferiblemente), terapia antiendotóxica, soporte respiratorio, cardiovascular y térmico que debería ser dirigido con suministro nutricional adecuado. Las estrategias preventivas consisten en asegurar la adecuada transferencia pasiva de Ig a través del consumo de calostro y cuidado umbilical, mantenimiento de un ambiente limpio y asegurar la apropiada reducción la exposición del ternero a patógenos.
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