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Pérez, J. H., Rocha Gil, Z. E., Cifuentes Osorio, G. R., Pérez Rubiano, C. C., & Parrales Ramírez, D. A. (2023). Estructura fisicoquímica y biológica como indicadores de la calidad ambiental de corrientes de agua superficial. Boletín Científico Centro De Museos Museo De Historia Natural, 27(1), 55–70. https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2023.27.1.3
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Autores/as
Johan Hernán Pérez
Perfil Google Scholar
Zulma Edelmira Rocha Gil
Gabriel Ricardo Cifuentes Osorio
Claudia Constanza Pérez Rubiano
Dumar Ariel Parrales Ramírez
Resumen
La cuenca baja del rio Cusiana es un área afectada por diferentes actividades socioeconómicas. El trabajo tiene como objetivo establecer la estructura fisicoquímica y biológica de las áreas influenciadas por agricultura, ganadería y descargas de aguas residuales de áreas urbanas. El muestreo se realizó en dos localidades, la primera en el municipio de Aguazul y la segunda en el municipio de Maní en el departamento del Casanare (Colombia). Se realizaron cuatro monitoreos considerando diferencias estacionales en precipitación y sequía, las variables analizadas fueron: Temperatura, Alcalinidad, Conductividad, Turbiedad, DBO, DQO, Dureza Total, Fósforo Total, Nitratos, Oxígeno Disuelto, pH, Sólidos Suspendidos y muestreo de comunidades de macroinvertebrados bentónicos. Para determinar la calidad en los periodos muestreados, se estimaron indicadores fisicoquímicos ICA NSF, teniendo en cuenta los usos que presenta el recurso hídrico, reportando calidad media. Se reportaron 1491 individuos, distribuidos en siete órdenes y 20 familias. Al calcular el índice BMWP/Col para las dos estaciones de monitoreo, la estación Aguazul presenta una calidad dudosa cuya significancia ambiental correspondió a Aguas Ligeramente Contaminadas, disminuyendo significativamente a Aguas Moderadamente Contaminadas. La Estación Maní pasó de estado dudoso a estado crítico y de aguas moderadamente contaminadas a muy contaminadas. Estudios de esta naturaleza permiten a las entidades tomar decisiones acertadas sobre el uso y manejo adecuado de los sistemas hídricos de la región.
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