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Díaz-C, S. E., Londoño-Hernández, D. J., & Ariza-Cortés, W. (2025). Patrones de diversidad y estructura de bosques amazónicos colombianos en gradiente altitudinal. Boletín Científico Centro De Museos, Museo De Historia Natural, 29(2), 85–104. https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2025.29.2.4
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El estudio de la vegetación en gradientes ecológicos es útil como indicador de su función ecosistémica y para orientar acciones de manejo. Esta investigación analizó los patrones de riqueza, diversidad y estructura de bosques húmedos de la Amazonía colombiana. Se realizaron 18 parcelas de 0,1 ha en la vegetación arbórea, recolectando la información de individuos con DAP ≥ 10 cm, en 5 localidades de 3 departamentos de Colombia, y abarcando las zonas de vida bh-T, bmh-PM y bmh-MB (69-2225 msnm). Se encontró que la riqueza (α < 0.01), la diversidad (α < 0,05) y el área basal -AB- (α < 0,05) decrece a medida que aumenta el gradiente altitudinal. El AB se asoció a individuos de categorías diamétricas entre 30-40 cm y > 40 cm, y de altura total de 20-30 m y > 30 m. Se encontraron diferencias significativas solo a nivel de diversidad y riqueza (α < 0,1) entre las dos localidades con más baja y más alta elevación altitudinal. La diversidad beta presentó una disimilitud muy alta (> 85 %) y no se encontraron superposiciones en las elipses del diagrama de ordenación (α < 0,05). Lo anterior, está relacionado con un conjunto de especies característico de cada localidad, las cuales no se distribuyen de manera uniforme a lo largo del gradiente.
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