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Posada-Almanza, R., Osorio-Acevedo, H. de J., Echeverry-Hernández, S., & Rosero-Toro, J. H. (2025). Efecto de borde sobre la colonización micorrícico-arbuscular en la Ecoreserva La Tribuna. Boletín Científico Centro De Museos, Museo De Historia Natural, 29(2), 33–49. https://doi.org/10.17151/bccm.2025.29.2.2
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El efecto de borde en la distribución e interacciones de especies animales y vegetales ha sido ampliamente estudiado en diferentes regiones; sin embargo, sobre los hongos de micorriza arbuscular (HMA) en zonas tropicales no se tenían referencias. El presente estudio tuvo como objetivo principal evaluar el efecto del borde sobre la colonización de raíces por este grupo de hongos, en un relicto de bosque seco tropical del sur colombiano denominado La Tribuna; asimismo, se evaluó la homogeneidad de los valores de colonización, producto de la selección del sitio de muestreo. Fueron seleccionados cinco sitios de muestreo denominados pozos debido a su cercanía a los pozos de extracción de crudo y en estos se determinaron las zonas de borde de bosque, denominadas interior, transición y exterior. En cada zona se seleccionó una especie arbórea o arbustiva predominante; de cada una se seleccionaron tres individuos y de cada uno de ellos se tomaron muestras de raíces para cuantificación de colonización por HMA, y de rizosfera para análisis fisicoquímicos, en temporadas de sequía y de lluvias. Los resultados indicaron una gran variabilidad en los parámetros edáficos, ausencia de efecto de borde sobre la colonización, sin embargo, hay diferencias significativas entre los niveles de colonización de raíz entre pozos. Se concluyó que la colonización de raíces por HMA respondió más a factores edáficos locales dentro de cada zona de borde, que al mismo efecto de borde.
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